聚N—甲基苯胺的合成及性质表征

首次用化学法合成了聚N-甲基苯胺(PMAn),系统研究了氧化剂浓度、介质酸浓度、单体(MAn)浓度对聚合反应及所得产物性质的影响。利用FTIR等手段对产物进行了初步表征。结果表明:PMAn具有较高电导和良好的稳定性,其本征态在一系列有机溶剂中可溶,在酸性介质中呈电活性。具有较高电导的产物的链结构主要是1,4-连接的头尾结构,链上同时存在苯式及醌式两种结构单元。     

苯胺在河流渗滤系统中环境行为的数学模拟

采用自行设计的室内土柱实验装置来模拟渭河渗滤系统,定性研究受苯胺污染的河水在渭河渗滤系统中的环境行为及净化机制,其环境行为包括吸附作用和生物降解作用。用数学模型定量模拟苯胺在渗滤系统中的环境行为,建立苯胺迁移转化的数学模型,通过求解参数得到苯胺的确定性迁移方程,分别预测了不同时间、不同深度苯胺相对浓度的变化情况。用模型预测的结果与实测结果相比吻合较好,证明了苯胺数学模拟与所求参数可信。     

Optimization of the heterogeneous Fenton-oxidation of the model pollutant 2,4-xylidine using the optimal experimental design methodology

Among advanced oxidation processes (AOP), the photochemically enhanced Fenton reaction (photo-Fenton) may be particularly effective for the treatment of industrial waste water, and the possibility to use solar light is an additional advantage of this process. In the present work, a Fe³⁺-exchanged zeolite Y was tested as a heterogeneous photo-Fenton catalyst for the degradation of the model organic pollutant, 2,4-xylidine. The performance of the catalyst was investigated using a bench photochemical reactor as well as solar reactors. The incident solar radiant powers (determined by ferrioxalate actinometry) showed linear correlations with the outputs of a Si-photodiode and a bolometer mounted on the solar unit, and could therefore be easily estimated from the on-line observation of the sensor outputs. The experimental design methodology was used for planning the experiments under normalized conditions and for modeling the rates of 2,4-xylidine oxidation as a function of the concentrations of the additives (Fe³⁺-exchanged zeolite catalyst and hydrogen peroxide). Although a direct quantitative comparison between both reactors is difficult (different geometries and volumes, different spectral distribution of the radiation sources), the performance of the solar reactor appears to compare favorably with that of the bench photochemical reactor.     

路易斯酸法合成间苯三酚

以苯胺为原料,经废氢溴酸溴化、脱胺基、甲氧基化、路易斯酸脱甲基四步合成间苯三酚,总收率为67．5％。考察了各种影响因素对合成反应的影响,获得了较佳工艺条件,并对产品后处理作了相应的研究。     

硝基苯法合成4-氨基二苯胺中间体的研究

以苯胺和硝基苯为原料,在复合催化剂作用下合成了4-氨基二苯胺的中间体。对影响反应的主要因素进行了优化．其最佳工艺条件为：催化剂加入量155g,苯胺与硝基苯的摩尔比6：1,滴加时间120min,保温时间70min,反应温度75℃．硝基苯转化率99％以上,选择性达到96％以上。     

乙酰苯胺的微量合成实验探讨

化学开放实验教学是一种新型的实验教学模式,有利于学员综合能力素质的提高。本文以一次化学开放实验——乙酰苯胺的合成为例,从开放实验内容的确定,实验方案的实施,实验成绩的评定三个方面,分析了化学开放实验教学的主要特征,并对化学开放实验教学过程中应注意的问题进行了初步的研究与探讨。     

An Asymmetric Organocatalytic Quadruple Cascade Initiated by a Friedel–Crafts‐Type Reaction with Electron‐Rich Arenes

An organocatalytic quadruple domino reaction initiated by a Friedel–Crafts‐type reaction of electron‐rich arenes is described. The procedure involving up to three different Michael acceptors afforded highly functionalized cyclohexenecarbaldehydes bearing an aniline moiety, which are of great pharmaceutical and agricultural interest. This diphenylprolinol trimethylsilyl ether‐catalyzed reaction also generates up to 4 contiguous stereocenters. It could be shown that various functional groups are tolerated and all products were obtained with very good diastereo‐ and excellent enantioselectivity.     

湿式氧化工艺处理苯胺类废水技术研究

研究了染料废水中苯胺类污染物的处理工艺.催化湿式氧化预处理后的水经A/O工艺生化处理,可以达到污水综合排放标准GB8978-1996一级.催化湿式氧化的预处理条件的最佳工艺条件:温度170℃,催化剂投加量1000 mg/L,空气压力5.0 MPa,反应时间2小时,苯胺类去除率99％.     

皮堇及制鞋中常用苯及其胺、酚类衍生物的QSAR研究

定量构效关系（QSAR）已经广泛应用于生物、医药、化工等各大领域,在预测物质毒性方面表现出独有的优越性。本文通过建立一元线性回归方程和多元逐步线性回归方程分析皮革及制鞋生产中常用的苯胺苯酚类化合物的结构特征与生物毒性LC50的关系,所建立的多元逐步线性回归模型相关系数平方R2=0．905,经统计学指标检验证明该模型具有良好的稳定性和预测能力。这对制革与制鞋行业相关化合物使用的初筛和制革制鞋清洁化都具有重要意义。     

合成氨制浆工艺处理苯胺生产废水

苯胺生产废水中含有硝基苯等有机物,若直接排放,将对环境造成污染。本文简要介绍了我公司将处理苯胺生产废水的生物法改为合成氨制浆工艺处理的方法。运行结果表明：装置运行平稳;工艺气满足生产需要;废水处理费用减少。