Mechanistic Considerations of Bending‐Strain Effects within Organic Semiconductors on Polymer Dielectrics

The development of organic transistors for flexible electronics requires the understanding of device behavior upon the application of strain. Here, a comprehensive study of the effect of polymer‐dielectric and semiconductor chemical structure on the device performance under applied strain is reported. The systematic change of the polymer dielectric results in the modulation of the effects of strain on the mobility of organic field‐effect transistor devices. A general method is demonstrated to lower the effects of strain in devices by covalent substitution of the dielectric surface. Additionally, the introduction of a hexyl chain at the peripheries of the organic semiconductor structure results in an inversion of the effects of strain on device mobility. This novel behavior may be explained by the capacitative coupling of the surface energy variations during applied strain.     

用于挠性驱动的短筒型压电振子研究

面内模态压电振子是压电驱动的一个重要分支,小型的面内模态压电振子研究较少。为了拓宽面内弯曲压电振子的应用,提出了一种短筒型压电振子,可用于挠性驱动。利用ANSYS有限元软件确立了压电振子的结构尺寸、工作模态及固有频率。振子外径䥺SymbolFC@30 mm,高度12 mm,且外圈均布36个2 mm高的齿形结构,用于放大振幅。结果表明,该结构能够很好地激发出两同频正交三阶面内弯曲工作模态。实验测得振子在B₀₃工作模态下具有同频正交性且谐振频率为27 140 Hz,与仿真结果吻合。通过实验验证了压电振子用于挠性驱动的可行性。     

一种解析与执行联动的SDN可编程数据平面

当前互联网技术发展迅速,新型网络协议的不断出现,要求网络转发设备能够及时提供对新协议的支持.目前,软件定义网络要兼顾可编程协议解析和数据转发性能仍然面临诸多困难.对此,本文提出了基于解析和执行联动结构的可编程数据平面（CLIPE）,通过在硬件的解析器上部署用户可定义模块,可实时更新硬件中解析逻辑中的协议多叉树,从而实现协议解析的用户定制性;并且,通过解析器和动作执行器联动的创新结构,减少了整个处理架构的冗余性,从而减小动作执行时延,提高了硬件资源利用率,与现有方案相比,节约了11%的逻辑资源和24%的BRAM资源.最后,本文基于NetFPGA-10G板卡完成了本方案的原型机实现.     

柔性显示实现的关键技术

对现阶段可以实现柔性显示的几种关键技术(有机电致发光器件显示、液晶显示与电泳显示等)的显示原理、研究现况与成果及实现柔性显示的技术瓶颈进行了介绍,并对国内柔性显示技术的研究方向提出了建议。     

柔性MEMS衬底材料及其在传感器上的应用

概述了MEMS器件衬底材料的功用及分类(刚性材料和柔性材料)。根据其使用柔性衬底材料的不同,将其分为有机聚合物材料(聚酰亚胺、硅橡胶、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯和聚对二甲苯、硅树脂)和金属及陶瓷材料(不锈钢和氧化铝)。重点阐述了材料的特性,并结合国内外专家学者的研究,例举了其在MEMS传感器方面的应用,分析了它们的特点及优越性。指出在MEMS器件衬底材料领域,对柔性材料和新型Si基材料的研究与开发是未来研究工作的重点和热点。     

Piezoelectric Sensors Operating at Very High Temperatures and in Extreme Environments Made of Flexible Ultrawide-Bandgap Single-Crystalline AlN Thin Films

Extreme environments are often faced in energy, transportation, aerospace, and defense applications and pose a technical challenge in sensing. Piezoelectric sensor based on single-crystalline AlN transducers is developed to address this challenge. The pressure sensor shows high sensitivities of 0.4–0.5 mV per psi up to 900 °C and output voltages from 73.3 to 143.2 mV for input gas pressure range of 50 to 200 psi at 800 °C. The sensitivity and output voltage also exhibit the dependence on temperature due to two origins. A decrease in elastic modulus (Young's modulus) of the diaphragm slightly enhances the sensitivity and the generation of free carriers degrades the voltage output beyond 800 °C, which also matches with theoretical estimation. The performance characteristics of the sensor are also compared with polycrystalline AlN and single-crystalline GaN thin films to investigate the importance of single crystallinity on the piezoelectric effect and bandgap energy-related free carrier generation in piezoelectric devices for high-temperature operation. The operation of the sensor at 900 °C is amongst the highest for pressure sensors and the inherent properties of AlN including chemical and thermal stability and radiation resistance indicate this approach offers a new solution for sensing in extreme environments.     

Room-Temperature-Processable Highly Reliable Resistive Switching Memory with Reconfigurability for Neuromorphic Computing and Ultrasonic Tissue Classification

Reversible metal-filamentary mechanism has been widely investigated to design an analog resistive switching memory (RSM) for neuromorphic hardware-implementation. However, uncontrollable filament-formation, inducing its reliability issues, has been a fundamental challenge. Here, an analog RSM with 3D ion transport channels that can provide unprecedentedly high reliability and robustness is demonstrated. This architecture is realized by a laser-assisted photo-thermochemical process, compatible with the back-end-of-line process and even applicable to a flexible format. These superior characteristics also lead to the proposal of a practical adaptive learning rule for hardware neural networks that can significantly simplify the voltage pulse application methodology even with high computing accuracy. A neural network, which can perform the biological tissue classification task using the ultrasound signals, is designed, and the simulation results confirm that this practical adaptive learning rule is efficient enough to classify these weak and complicated signals with high accuracy (97%). Furthermore, the proposed RSM can work as a diffusive-memristor at the opposite voltage polarity, exhibiting extremely stable threshold switching characteristics. In this mode, several crucial operations in biological nervous systems, such as Ca²⁺ dynamics and nonlinear integrate-and-fire functions of neurons, are successfully emulated. This reconfigurability is also exceedingly beneficial for decreasing the complexity of systems—requiring both drift- and diffusive-memristors.     

High-Resolution and Stable Ruddlesden–Popper Quasi-2D Perovskite Flexible Photodetectors Arrays for Potential Applications as Optical Image Sensor

The development of an efficient fabrication route to achieve high-resolution perovskite pixel array is key for large-scale flexible image sensor devices. Herein, a high-resolution and stable 10 × 10 flexible PDs array based on formamidinium(FA⁺) and phenylmethylammonium (PMA⁺) quasi-2D (PMA)₂FAPb₂I₇ (n = 2) perovskite is demonstrated by developing SiO₂-assisted hydrophobic and hydrophilic treatment process on polyethylene terephthalate substrate. By introducing Au nanoparticles (Au NPs),  the perovskite film quality is improved and grain boundaries are reduced. The mechanism by which Au NPs upgrade the photoelectric quality of perovskite is mainly revealed by glow discharge-optical emission spectroscopy (GD-OES) and grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS). To further improve the photoelectric performance of the devices, a post-treatment strategy with formamidinium chloride (FACl) is used . The optimized flexible PDs arrays show excellent optoelectronic properties with a high responsivity of 4.7 A W⁻¹, a detectivity of 6.3 × 10¹² Jones, and a broad spectral sensitivity. The device also exhibits excellent electrical stability even under severe bending and excellent flexural strength, as well as excellent environmental stability. Finally, the integrated flexible PDs arrays are used as sensor pixels in an imaging system to obtain high-resolution imaging patterns, demonstrating the imaging capability of the PDs arrays.     

基于方向熵的挠性印制电路基准点定位研究

在采用机器视觉技术的挠性印制电路缺陷检测工作中,对基准点的准确定位是实现高质量检测的先决条件.本文选取焊盘圆心或中心作为基准点,针对焊盘的局部形变对基准点定位产生的不良影响,提出了量化目标轮廓边缘方向性的表达方法——方向熵,基于该方法能够获取轮廓坐标与方向参数;接着,根据焊盘模板建立焊盘匹配评估函数筛选出正确的、有价值的、局部的轮廓,并基于轮廓特征实现对焊盘的匹配与对基准点的定位.通过现场测试表明,本文提出的算法能够有效地纠正基准点的定位偏差,将其应用于坐标系变换的目标搜索时,平均定位误差可控制在60um以内,对于后续的目标匹配,缺陷识别与分析具有重大意义.     

空间光谱仪光栅柔性支撑设计与分析

针对目前空间遥感器主支撑结构设计中难以同时保证光学元件刚度大、尺寸热稳定性好的问题,提出了一种具有柔性环节的支撑结构,有效地解决了影响基于空间环境的一种光栅光谱仪成像质量的力、热两个关键环境约束之间的矛盾。根据光学设计指标要求确定了光栅基板的结构形式,通过理论计算对柔性支撑的尺寸参数进行了灵敏性分析,得到了各尺寸对转角刚度的影响权重。通过优化柔性支撑件尺寸参数使光栅组件性能达到最优,利用有限元分析（FEA）软件对光栅组件在力、热耦合作用下的面形精度和动态刚度进行了仿真分析。结果表明,光栅及其支撑结构设计合理,满足空间应用要求,为柔性支撑的深入研究和应用提供了参考。