“共生加个性”的思考与实践

城市是个大而复杂的系统 ,个性建筑纵然十分出色 ,如果合在一起缺乏秩序、杂乱无章 ,对于城市区域只能是有害无益的。·建筑的个性 ,不仅仅是停留在外观上的表象 ,也应该包含人的行为感受等深层次的内涵。·建筑设计要适应诸多方面环境的要求以创造出属于它的建筑 ,设计就是不断地克服困难努力达到这一目的的过程。这一过程也使建筑作品产生鲜明的个性     

Legume NADPH Oxidases Have Crucial Roles at Different Stages of Nodulation

Plant NADPH oxidases, formerly known as respiratory burst oxidase homologues (RBOHs), are plasma membrane enzymes dedicated to reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. These oxidases are implicated in a wide variety of processes, ranging from tissue and organ growth and development to signaling pathways in response to abiotic and biotic stimuli. Research on the roles of RBOHs in the plant’s response to biotic stresses has mainly focused on plant-pathogen interactions; nonetheless, recent findings have shown that these oxidases are also involved in the legume-rhizobia symbiosis. The legume-rhizobia symbiosis leads to the formation of the root nodule, where rhizobia reduce atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia. A complex signaling and developmental pathway in the legume root hair and root facilitate rhizobial entrance and nodule organogenesis, respectively. Interestingly, several reports demonstrate that RBOH-mediated ROS production displays versatile roles at different stages of nodulation. The evidence collected to date indicates that ROS act as signaling molecules that regulate rhizobial invasion and also function in nodule senescence. This review summarizes discoveries that support the key and versatile roles of various RBOH members in the legume-rhizobia symbiosis.     

肯德瑞克·班斯·凯洛格和他的诗意自然

肯德瑞克·班斯凯洛格是继弗兰克劳埃德·赖特后美国第二代有机建筑大师.其建筑活动从20世纪50年代开始,一直持续到今天.回眸凯洛格的成长历程,从形态、材料、结构、空间及能源利用等方面分析其设计方法,阐释自然主题在其作品中的表达.     

合肥科大讯飞语音产业基地规划设计

以合肥科大讯飞语音产业基地规划设计为例,探讨工业建筑设计中如何实现与环境的共生,同时结合具体的设计理念,解析现代工业建筑如何抽象表达企业特性。     

酿酒废水硫氧化细菌的分离鉴定及其硫氧化特性

本研究从酿酒废水中分离了一株化能自养硫氧化细菌LS2,通过16S rRNA基因和硫氧化功能酶基因sox B分析表明该菌株与Halothiobacillus亲缘关系最近,但Halothiobacillussp.LS2的基因组中存在完整的固氮酶基因簇nif,其关键编码基因nif H与Acidithiobacillus属中A. ferrooxidans和A. ferrivorans相似性最高,均高于80%。通过细胞水平的比较研究,菌株LS2在有氮和无氮条件下均可生长,在1 mM NH4+的条件下生长量最高可达1.98×107/m L,而无氮条件下生长量较有氮条件下少,最高可达1.37×107/m L;基于基因表达分析,菌株LS2的nif H表达量因氮源存在而下调,硫代硫酸盐浓度增加而上调,其中在5 mM S2O32-浓度下其表达量上调了约33倍。说明该菌的固氮作用与硫氧化反应息息相关。本研究获得了一株具有固氮能力的化能自养硫氧化细菌,所获得的结果可为含硫化物废水的治理提供一种新思路。     

氧化塘/人工湿地工艺净化微污染养殖池水体

大量富营养物质沉积于池底,造成池塘老化,养殖环境劣化,严重危害健康养殖生产.采用氧化塘/人工湿地复合系统净化上海市崇明岛前卫村中心湖养殖池塘的微污染水体,氧化塘内的纤维填料采用人工方式挂膜,上面附着的大量黄褐色絮状污泥与纤维填料立体交织在一起,形成了无数张“网”,强化了微生物的种类和浓度,形成了藻菌共生体系;人工湿地内的陶粒基质比表面积大,易于微生物附着生长和吸附悬浮物.运行显示,该系统对COD、TN、TP、SS、叶绿素a的去除率分别为(38.3％～59.4％)、(20.5％～60.2％)、(43.9％～58.7％)、(66.7％～95.2％)、(15.7％～50.7％);净化效果呈现出季节性变化,夏季的净化效果最好.系统的最大处理水量可达441.5 m3/d,中心湖池塘的蓄水量约为7.0×104 m3,因而湖水的最小交换时间约为170 d.     

Hydrogen peroxide staining to visualize intracellular bacterial infections of seedling root cells

Visualization of bacteria in living plant cells and tissues is often problematic due to lack of stains that pass through living plant cell membranes and selectively stain bacterial cells. In this article, we report the use of 3,3′‐diaminobenzidine tetrachloride (DAB) to stain hydrogen peroxide associated with bacterial invasion of eukaryotic cells. Tissues were counterstained with aniline blue/lactophenol to stain protein in bacterial cells. Using this staining method to visualize intracellular bacterial (Burkholderia gladioli) colonization of seedling roots of switch grass (Panicum virgatum), we compared bacterial free seedling roots and those inoculated with the bacterium. To further assess application of the technique in multiple species of vascular plants, we examined vascular plants for seedling root colonization by naturally occurring seed‐transmitted bacteria. Colonization by bacteria was only observed to occur within epidermal (including root hairs) and cortical cells of root tissues, suggesting that bacteria may not be penetrating deeply into root tissues. DAB/peroxidase with counter stain aniline blue/lactophenol was effective in penetration of root cells to selectively stain bacteria. Furthermore, this stain combination permitted the visualization of the bacterial lysis process. Before any evidence of H₂O₂ staining, intracellular bacteria were seen to stain blue for protein content with aniline blue/lactophenol. After H₂O₂ staining became evident, bacteria were often swollen, without internal staining by aniline blue/lactophenol; this suggests loss of protein content. This staining method was effective for seedling root tissues; however, it was not effective at staining bacteria in shoot tissues due to poor penetration. Microsc. Res. Tech. 77:566–573, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

The human-centred movement: The British context

The cornerstone of the British human-centred tradition lies in the two notions, human machine symbiosis and socially useful technology. The contemporary tradition has its roots in the LUCAS PLAN of the 1970s and has recently been shaped by a number of European social and technological movements in Scandianvia, Germany, France, Ireland and Italy. The emergence of the information society places the human-centred debate in wider socio-economic and cultural contexts. The paper explores the shaping of the European dimension of the human-centred tradition and proposes a research agenda for social innovation for inclusive information society.     

“反桥”背景下街区景观重构与场所共生

随着城市化的不断深入,城市建设的重心由增量拓展转向内部更新,城市整体形象提升的同时,面临着如何回应新时代城市生活需求,以及关乎城市本源的景观重构与场所共生。城市高架桥(路)在城市空间结构、功能效率和景观环境等诸多方面具有双面性,面临可持续发展的多方面挑战。梳理景观重构应对"高架危机"的"空间-场所"改造探索模式;指出高架桥更新需纳入城市空间-社会的动态发展系统之中,并结合"反桥"背景下的改造实践分析高架桥景观重构在城市多维整合中的意义与影响,揭示科学决策、整体协同、均衡化效益的城市多维整合作用机制;系统总结城市高架桥改造的街区景观重构与场所共生策略。通过反思,指出以景观重构与场所共生切入高架桥改造可为城市更新提供新思路。