中国观赏石文化与收藏

以推动人类文明进步发展的观念为先导,以详实的地质学、岩石学、石文化史料为切入点,介绍了我国观赏石文化的起源、发展及现状;阐述了赏石审美的本质、形式、石体标准、传统性、现代性等理论要点及其以小见大、以丑为美的审美理念。对赏石修身养性、以石陶情及赏石文化与道教情结的学术价值进行了评述;对从古至今的中华文化名人为赏石理论的创立、鉴赏、收藏和发展作出的不可磨灭的历史贡献进行了评价。     

压力容器爆破试验实验装置的设计与探讨

“压力容器爆破试验”实验的教学要求是：(1)能测定“压力——膨胀量”关系曲线;(2)能测定试验容器爆破压力;(3)爆破后能观察爆破口的形貌;(4)实验后便于恢复原始状态,适合教学反复使用等。根据上述要求,本文对“压力容器爆破试验”的试验容器、实验装置进行了设计与探讨。     

关于“不受《容规》监察的受压容器”技术要求的讨论

本文首先分析了《容规》所监察的压力容器的介质范围和GB150等压力容器标准的适用介质,讨论了不同介质的“不受《容规》监察的受压容器”技术要求的处理办法,并列举了简单的设计实例。     

接种固氮菌对纤维素分解过程的影响

从纤维素分解菌与联合固氮菌的接种配比,研究了混合培养对滤纸分解的影响。试验共设6个处理样,总接种量均为10%(V/V):处理Ⅰ,2%固氮菌+8%纤维素分解菌;处理Ⅱ,4%固氮菌+6%纤维素分解菌;处理Ⅲ,6%固氮菌+4%纤维素分解菌;处理Ⅳ,10%纤维素分解菌;处理Ⅴ,10%固氮菌;CK(空白对照)。结果显示:与处理Ⅳ相比,处理Ⅰ、Ⅱ的CMC酶活力及处理Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的滤纸分解率有明显提高。接种固氮菌的各处理样中,培养液中氮素含量与CK相比均有显著提高(P<0.05),且培养过程中pH值比较平稳,而未接种固氮菌处理培养液的氮素则低于CK,pH急剧降低。所有处理样中,接种2%固氮菌效果最佳,培养192h,其CMC酶活力与滤纸分解率比处理Ⅳ分别提高43.4%、240%;与处理Ⅴ相比,固氮菌数有显著增加(P<0.05),培养液中氮含量提高28.0%。     

外源紫杉醇作用下南方红豆杉细胞凋亡及其动力学研究

利用光学显微照相技术、细胞总DNA琼脂糖凝胶电泳和TUNEL标记等手段 ,研究了外源紫杉醇(Taxol)作用下南方红豆杉细胞的凋亡及其动力学。研究结果表明 ,外源紫杉醇能显著提高南方红豆杉细胞凋亡的速率和发生率 ,表明高浓度紫杉醇不利于细胞的生长。凋亡动力学研究对指导大规模植物细胞培养生产紫杉醇具有重要意义     

Synthesis of polymer materials for use as cell culture substrates

Up to today, several techniques have been used to maintain cells in culture for studying many aspects of cell biology and physiology. More often, cell culture is dependent on proper anchorage of cells to the growth surface. Thus, poly-l-lysine, fibronectin or laminin are the most commonly used substrates. In this study, electrosynthesized biocompatible polymer films are proposed as an alternative to these standard substrates. The electrosynthesized polymers tested were polyethylenimine, polypropylenimine and polypyrrole. Then, the adhesion, proliferation and morphology of rat neuronal cell lines were investigated on these polymer substrates in an attempt to develop new and efficient polymer materials for cell culture. During their growth on the polymers, the evolution of the cell morphology was monitored using both confocal microscopy and immunohistochemistry, leading to the conclusion of a normal development. An estimation of the adhesion and proliferation rates of rat neuronal cell cultures indicated that polyethylenimine and polypropylenimine were the best substrates for culturing olfactory neuronal cells. A method to favour the differentiation of the neuronal cells was also developed since the final aim of this work is to develop a biosensor for odour detection using differentiated neuronal cells as transducers. Consequently, a biosensor was microfabricated using silicon technology. This microsystem allowed us to culture the cells on a silicon wafer and to position the cells on certain parts of the silicon wafer.     

Ethanol production from raw starch by a recombinant yeast having saccharification and fermentation activities

In order to develop a method for converting raw starch into ethanol efficiently, direct fermentation of ozonized raw starch using a recombinant yeast was investigated. Ozonolysis was carried out as a pretreatment to convert raw starch into ethanol rapidly and efficiently, and then the effect of the ozone degradation conditions on the degree of polymerization and the amount of amylose in a raw starch was determined. Since the degree of polymerization was low and the amount of amylose was high, raw starch treated with an ozone concentration of 40 gm^?3 and an ozonation time of 30 min was the material chosen for alcohol fermentation. Though the recombinant yeast could not convert the untreated raw starch, it converted the soluble starch and the ozonized raw starch at a comparatively high yield into ethanol. About 56% of the ozonized raw starch decomposed, and the ethanol concentration obtained from the ozonized raw starch was markedly greater than that obtained from untreated raw starch. The dynamic behavior of cell growth, substrate degradation, and ethanol production was examined in a continuous culture under various dilution rates, and the optimal dilution rate, ie 0.15 h^?1, was determined for maximizing the ethanol productivity (amount of ethanol produced per unit time). © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry     

聚丙烯制真空设备及其应用

概念用聚丙烯制作的真空设备的使用情况，着重介绍真空设备的设计与计算，并对不同的计算公式进行了比较，这们便于了解和掌握聚丙烯真空设备的设计和使用。     

温度对密闭式微波辅助提取二氢杨梅素的影响

以藤茶为原料,水为溶剂,采用密闭式提取罐在微波加速反应系统(MARS5)中提取二氢杨梅素,研究提取温度对二氢杨梅素提取效率的影响。结果表明,在80℃以下,二氢杨梅素的提取率很低,80℃~110℃范围内,随着提取温度的提高,二氢杨梅素的提取率呈上升趋势,在110℃时达到最高。此后,随着提取温度的升高,二氢杨梅素的提取率呈下降趋势。HPLC分析结果表明,二氢杨梅素在高温水相体系发生了分解,在180℃下分解产物又进一步发生分解。所以,在本实验条件下110℃是二氢杨梅素的最佳提取温度。     

民族文化差异与日用陶瓷的文化营销

在经济全球化的背景下,由于民族文化、区域文化差异性和多样性的存在,日用陶瓷企业在开展国际营销活动时需要一个行之有效的营销策略。本文通过分析民族文化差异,为日用陶瓷企业实施国际文化营销提供一些建议。