高分辨率超声Lamb波频散曲线测量与板厚估计

超声Lamb波在工业无损检测与 评价中具有广阔的应用前景。但受制于超声导波多模式频散与混叠的影响,如何实现高分辨率超声导波的模式分离与频散曲线提取,进而定量分析材料的健康状况一直是研究的热点与难点。本文旨在将现代信号处理中广泛采用的谱估计技术应用于超声Lamb波阵列信号分析,并通过提取频散曲线定量测量板厚度。以经典参数谱估计法中的Yule-Walker法与Burg法为例,实验测量和分析了3 mm,4 mm和 5 mm厚铝板中的宽带多模式Lamb波信号,准确地提取了铝板中的宽带Lamb波频散曲线,并比较了两种经典谱估计方法与二维傅氏变换法的性能,最终实现了铝板厚度估计。     

A compact split step Padé scheme for higher-order nonlinear Schrödinger equation (HNLS) with power law nonlinearity and fourth order dispersion

In this paper we propose a compact split step Padé scheme (CSSPS) to solve the scalar higher-order nonlinear Schrödinger equation (HNLS) with higher-order linear and nonlinear effects such as the third and fourth order dispersion effects, Kerr dispersion, stimulated Raman scattering and power law nonlinearity. The stability of this method has been proved. It has been shown as well that the CSSPS method gives the same results as classical numerical methods like the split step Fourier method and Crank–Nicholson (CN) method but it presents many advantages over theme. It is more efficient. This proposed scheme is well suited to higher-order dispersion effects and readily generalized for nonlinear and dispersion managed fibers. We tested this scheme for the case of the quintic nonlinearity and confirmed that this effect has no significant role on the propagation of single solitons.     

An analytic algorithm for the space–time fractional advection–dispersion equation

Fractional advection–dispersion equation (FADE) is a generalization of the classical ADE in which the first order time derivative and first and second order space derivatives are replaced by Caputo derivatives of orders 0<α?1, 0<β?1 and 1<γ?2, respectively. We use Caputo definition to avoid (i) mass balance error, (ii) hyper-singular improper integral, (iii) non-zero derivative of constant, and (iv) fractional derivative involved in the initial condition which is often ill-defined. We present an analytic algorithm to solve FADE based on homotopy analysis method (HAM) which has the advantage of controlling the region and rate of convergence of the solution series via the auxiliary parameter ? over the variational iteration method (VIM) and homotopy perturbation method (HPM). We find that the proposed method converges to the numerical/exact solution of the ADE as the fractional orders α, β, γ tend to their integral values. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the proposed algorithm. Example 5 describes the intermediate process between advection and dispersion via Caputo fractional derivative.     

Turbulent premixed flame model based on a recent dispersion model

A model of turbulent premixed combustion is formulated based on a recent dispersion model and on earlier flame models. The dispersion model accounts for the effect of velocity correlation on turbulent dispersion without using parameters that are explicitly dependent on time or space. The earlier flame models are used as a basis for formulating an appropriate chemical source term. The resulting model is more general than the earlier models.The proposed model and one of the earlier models are validated against various experimental flames. It is shown that the proposed model is more accurate and requires less calibration. Furthermore, the proposed model is tested successfully against general criteria for premixed combustion modeling formulated in earlier works. It is therefore concluded that the dispersion model is a useful tool for premixed combustion modeling.     

常规光纤非线性对色散补偿光纤位置的影响

通过数值计算的方法分析了色散、自相位调制和激光器啁啾等因素对１０Ｇｂ／ｓ１００ｋｍＧ．６５２光纤通信系统的综合效应。对１０Ｇｂ／ｓＧ．６５２光纤系统中用色散补偿光纤（Ｄｉｓｐｅｒｓｉｏｎ Ｃｏｍｐｅｎｓａｔｉｏｎ Ｆｉｂｅｒ,即ＤＳＦ）的两种方案进行了比较,然后简单讨论了色散补偿光纤在密集波分复用（ＤＷＤＭ）中的应用,最后给出通过以上分析得出的结论。     

Robust joint modeling of mean and dispersion through trimming

The Maximum Likelihood Estimator (MLE) and Extended Quasi-Likelihood (EQL) estimator have commonly been used to estimate the unknown parameters within the joint modeling of mean and dispersion framework. However, these estimators can be very sensitive to outliers in the data. In order to overcome this disadvantage, the usage of the maximum Trimmed Likelihood Estimator (TLE) and the maximum Extended Trimmed Quasi-Likelihood (ETQL) estimator is recommended to estimate the unknown parameters in a robust way. The superiority of these approaches in comparison with the MLE and EQL estimator is illustrated by an example and a simulation study. As a prominent measure of robustness, the finite sample Breakdown Point (BDP) of these estimators is characterized in this setting.     

TRANSPORT OF BICOMPONENT CONTAMINANT IN FREE-SURFACE WETLAND FLOW

This paper presents a theoretical analysis of a pulsed bicomponent contaminant emission into a free-surface wetland flow.The basic equations are for the bicomponent contaminant transport in the wetland flow under the combined action of advection,mass dispersion,and ecological reaction at the phase averaged scale.The effect of the ecological reaction is separated from the hydro-dynamic effect via a set of widely used transforms.The analytical solution for the evolution of the depth-averaged concentration is rigorously derived,with a limiting case covering the known solution for the single component contaminant transport.It is found that the depth-averaged species concentration of the bicomponent contaminant can approach an equilibrium state determined by the distri-bution coefficient.     

反应性化学品泄漏扩散的三维数值模拟

多晶硅副产物四氯化硅泄漏后形成重气云,易与水蒸气发生反应,生成四氯化硅、氯化氢和硅酸的混合有毒气云,威胁人类安全,导致严重的生态和环境危害。针对四氯化硅泄漏后形成的重气云的三维大气扩散与反应迁移过程建立了传递转化模型并采用计算流体力学(CFD)进行模拟研究,化学反应模型采用漩涡破碎模型(Eddy-Break-UpModel)。模拟研究了四氯化硅气体与水蒸气反应过程中四氯化硅、氯化氢、硅酸等有毒物质的空间分布与迁移转化情形。四氯化硅受重力作用下沉并向周围扩展,迎风面处的四氯化硅下沉触碰到地面后向上风侧移动,但主体向下风向迁移;生成的毒害性氯化氢覆盖范围较四氯化硅广泛;反应物和生成物在近地面的浓度较大,威胁环境安全;水解反应消耗水分导致脱水效应和反应放热升温,会对该区域生态造成严重危害。研究结果为反应性化学品事故处理提供了依据。     

金属化合物在分子筛上自发分散的研究进展

金属盐和氧化物在分子筛孔穴中及内外表面自发形成原子水平的分散,这种自发分散现象已被多种现代仪器分析所证实，并在国内外得到广泛认同。总结相关文献，结合部分研究工作，对金属化合物在分子筛上自发分散的研究作了综述。     

磁场引发苯乙烯分散聚合反应的研究

采用苯乙烯的分散聚合反应体系为研究对象，在无外加温度、压力及其它物理手段的前提下，直接利用磁场在室温条件下引发苯乙烯的分散聚合反应，成功制备出了聚苯乙烯微球。研究结果表明，交变磁场作用引发苯乙烯分散聚合生成了聚苯乙烯，其重均分子量Mw=96856，数均分子量Mn=13162。所制备的聚苯乙烯微球的粒径为1～2μm，恒定磁场条件下制备的聚苯乙烯微球重含有部分不成形的杂质，而交变磁场条件下制备的聚苯乙烯微球的球形度规整，表面光滑，无缺陷和杂质。