Metadoc: An adaptive hypertext reading system

Presentation of textual information is undergoing rapid transition. Millennia of experience writing linear documents is gradually being discarded in favor of non-linear hypertext writing. In this paper, we investigate how hypertext — in its current node-and-link form — can be augmented by an adaptive, user-model-driven tool. Currently the reader of a document has to adapt to that document — if the detail level is wrong the reader either skims the document or has to consult additional sources of information for clarification. The MetaDoc system not only has hypertext capabilities but also has knowledge about the documents it represents. This knowledge enables the document to modify its level of presentation to suit the user. MetaDoc builds and dynamically maintains a user model for each reader. The model tailors the presentation of the document to the reader. The three-dimensionality of MetaDoc allows the text presented to be changed either by the user model or through explicit user action. MetaDoc is more a documentation reading system rather than a hypertext navigation or reading tool. MetaDoc is a fully developed and debugged system that has been applied to technical documentation.     

Automatic digitization of printed circuit layouts

A new technique for automatic input of printed circuit layout data to a computer graphics system, providing a powerful alternative to the existing manual digitization method, is described. The technique is based on optical scanning and graphics recognition. Substantial reduction in the digitized data is made possible by using the properties of printed circuit art work. The technique has been extended to encompass some areas of engineering documentation.     

Adaptive and variant design of rotational connections

When producing technical documentation for rolling rotational connections, more time is used for drawing preparation than for actual problem-solving. The major share of element development is made using adaptive or variant design methods. Computer support can shorten the time needed. The designer must be careful not to lose the overview of the problem. Efficient CAD systems should provide the designer with: a high degree of creative work, possibility of adaptations of form, technology and regulations over wide limits, and high reliability and constant control over the design process. This paper studies the possibilities of the design process methods related to the capabilities of such an intelligent CAD system used for the design of rotational connections and workshop documentation for the purposes of manufacture.     

复杂软件需求开发方法研究

软件需求开发方法研究是当前复杂软件系统开发中最重要的问题之一。本文首先基于软件开发生命周期模型,对软件需求开发工作进行了介绍。进而总结了软件需求所必须包含的内容,分析了软件需求的特性。基于迭代改进的开发方法,本文将需求开发工作分解为需求捕获、需求分析、需求编写和需求确认四部分活动,并对每部分工作的详细活动和目的进行了分析和总结。软件开发工程实践证明,科学的软件需求开发方法是提高软件开发效率,提高软件开发质量的重要手段。     

Patient recall versus physician documentation in report of smoking cessation counselling performed in the inpatient setting

OBJECTIVES: To determine rates of patient reported and physician documented counselling; to identify predictors of each report; and to identify the impact of each report on smoking cessation attempts after discharge from the hospital. DESIGN: Stickers on subjects' charts prompted physicians to give brief smoking cessation counselling to patients in the hospital. Patients reported counselling received and quit attempts in a phone interview conducted 7-18 days after discharge. Rates of counselling and correlations were calculated, and multivariate analysis identified predictors of patient report, physician documentation, and quit attempts. SETTING: Four hospitals in the Minneapolis/St Paul metropolitan area. SUBJECTS: 682 hospital patients who had smoked more than 100 cigarettes in their lifetime and had smoked in the last three months. RESULTS: 71.0% of patients reported counselling, and physicians documented counselling in the charts of 46.2% of patients (correlation = 0.15, kappa = 0.13). Patient report was predicted by specific hospital, belief that their hospitalisation was smoking related, diagnosis of a smoking related disease, and physician documentation of counselling. Physician documentation was predicted by female patient, specific hospital, longer hospital stay, and marginally predicted by smoking related disease. Quit attempts were predicted by patient report of counselling, but not physician documentation. CONCLUSIONS: Physicians document counselling in the hospital at a lower rate than patients report it, and the correlation between reports is very low, making an accurate assessment of true rates of counselling difficult. While it is important to increase physician documentation, it is even more important to increase patient recall, as this is the only report that predicts a quit attempt.     

API文档缺陷自动检测和修复方法

在为了完善应用程序编程接口（application programming interface,API）文档,提出了基于程序静态分析和自然语言处理的自动检测和修复API文档缺陷的方法。该方法能够自动检测和修复API文档缺陷。实验中缺陷检测结果的准确率和召回率分别达到74.6%和81.4%,能够较为准确地检测到Java API的文档缺陷。在进一步的实验中还对API文档的修复功能进行了评估,结果表明生成的文档正确且简洁,可以有效地修复API文档缺陷。     

世界文化和自然遗产数字化保护及国际新动向

【目的】在《世界遗产公约》颁布51周年之际,识别世界遗产数字化保护的重点议题,梳理自然与文化遗产数字化保护的实践脉络,分析数字化保护的国际动向,解读数字化转型为世界遗产体系带来的变革性影响。【方法】对联合国教科文组织数字图书馆和世界遗产咨询机构数字档案等资源进行系统解析和知识图谱构建。【结果】识别了世界自然与文化遗产数字化保护的发展阶段和重点议题,归纳总结了以世界遗产记录与档案、监测与管理、阐释与展示、国际合作与能力建设等四大技术主题、12类技术方法和62个技术工具为核心的数字化保护技术体系。【结论】提出景观遗产数字技术集成与创新、遗产保护数据标准、数字行动规范、数字化可持续能力建设等未来发展的重点方向,为中国深入开展世界遗产数字化保护工作提供参考借鉴。