Fluidized‐bed CVD of unstacked double‐layer templated graphene and its application in supercapacitors

Graphene is inclined to stack with each other that greatly hinders the full utilization of its intrinsic extraordinary properties. Introducing protuberant spacers is a straightforward strategy to avoid the stacking of graphene nanosheets, resulting in a novel unstacked double‐layer templated graphene (DTG) structure. Herein, a family of layered double hydroxides were used for the bulk chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of DTG in a fluidized‐bed reactor. A high specific surface area of 1554.2 m² g^?1 and a large pore volume of 1.70 cm³ g^?1 were achieved. When used as the electrode material for supercapacitors, the DTG afforded a specific capacitance of 65.5 F g^?1 at a sweep rate of 5.0 mV s^?1 and a capacitance retention of 77% when the sweep rate was increased to 500 mV s^?1. Therefore, the DTG obtained via fluidized bed CVD is a promising electrode material for supercapacitor applications. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 61: 747–755, 2015     

Microkinetic model for the pyrolysis of methyl esters: From model compound to industrial biodiesel

A tool for the generation of decomposition schemes of large molecules has been developed. These decomposition schemes contain radicals which can be eliminated from the model equations if both the μ‐hypothesis and the pseudosteady‐state approximation are valid. The reaction rate coefficients and thermodynamic parameters have been calculated by incorporating a comprehensive group additive framework. A microkinetic model for the pyrolysis of methyl esters with a carbon number of up to 19 has been generated using this tool. It is validated by comparing calculated and experimental yields of the pyrolysis of methyl decanoate and novel rapeseed methyl ester pyrolysis data in the temperature range from 800 to 1100 K and methyl ester partial pressure range from 1 × 10^?3 to 1 × 10^?2 MPa. This modeling frame work allows to not only assess the use of methyl ester mixtures as potential feedstock for olefin production but also their effect as blend‐in or trace impurity. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 61: 4309–4322, 2015     

钢领化学镀Ni－P－PTFE工艺实践

提出细纱机钢领化学镀Ｍ—Ｐ—ＰＴＦＥ工艺及其维护管理。Ｎ—Ｐ—ＰＴＦＥ复合镀层具有优良的润滑、耐磨、耐蚀性能，硬度高、摩擦系数小。     

纳米ZrO_2－Al_2O_3复合粉末注浆成型与烧结行为研究

平均粒径为２０ｎｍ的ＺｒＯ_２添加５～１５ｖｏｌ％的粒径为２００ｎｍ的Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３粉末注浆成型与烧结特性表现出与普通微米及亚微米级粉末不同的特性：浆料具有较低的含固量，粘度为５厘泊时为５５ｗｔ％；浆料呈微弱触变性：生坯具有较低相对密度，仅为理论值的３５．５％；少量Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３（５～１０ｖｏｌ％）促进复合材料的烧结，但也伴随着Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３晶粒异常长大。上述现象归因于纳米粉末具有非常高的比表面，粉末表面吸附大量紧吸附水不能被石膏模所排除，而粉末巨大的表面能促进了烧结过程中的质点扩散。     

活塞环-缸套液固二相润滑研究

基于平均流量模型、微凸体接触模型及颗粒承载模型,引入微米尺度颗粒的粒径、质量浓度、硬度和摩擦副表面形貌参数等,提出了一种液固二相润滑下活塞环-缸套润滑模型。并以此为基础分析了颗粒的承载、摩擦力和二相流体的摩擦功耗。研究表明：由于颗粒的增黏和弹、塑性变形,液固二相润滑剂的承载能力比纯油有所提高;固体颗粒的作用在活塞行程的不同位置是动态变化的;随着颗粒直径、浓度的增加,颗粒分担的负荷和产生的摩擦力、以及二相流体的摩擦功消耗都有所增加;颗粒直径的增加,使颗粒在更广的行程范围承载和产生摩擦力。     

3种除草剂对全膜双垄沟播玉米田杂草防治效果的研究

为了明确3种除草剂对全膜双垄沟播玉米田杂草的防治效果,采用随机区组法开展了田间小区药剂试验。结果表明:40%氰津·乙草胺悬浮剂3450 mL/hm2防效好,玉米出苗后30 d和45 d的株防效分别为92.89%和90.99%,出苗后45 d鲜重防效为90.39%,对玉米安全,无药害发生,玉米产量为9826.5 kg/hm2,较对照增产28.23%。50%利谷隆可湿性粉剂防效最好,但处理区有药害发生,减产率为50.72%⁶3.16%。     

颗粒形体因素对静电发生的影响

固体颗粒广泛应用于化学化工、能源、食品、制药、采矿等行业。在工业过程中,颗粒与壁面摩擦产生静电对安全生产带来很多问题,如引起颗粒结团、堵塞、火星和爆炸等危害,然而静电产生的机理还有很多未知,如颗粒形体因素影响静电发生的机理尚不清楚。本工作目的是研究颗粒形体因素对因颗粒面摩擦产生静电的影响机理。实验选用颗粒材料为PVC,平均尺寸为2.0～5.0 mm,分别以三角形面和梯形面作为摩擦面,采用直接测量的方法获得单个颗粒产生的静电。实验证明,无论是一次摩擦产生的静电,还是多次摩擦产生的饱和静电,颗粒的形体因素如前冲角、长宽比、面积以及不同的滑行方向和环境湿度都会明显影响静电的产生。     

TDI双管板换热器制造质量的控制简

介绍了TDI双管板换热器的结构特点和深孔强度胀接技术。简述了制造过程中的质量控制关键点。通过用模拟管板进行了内管板胀接工艺评定的方法,采取了控制管孔加工精度、强度胀接、管板组装、调整开槽间距及宽度、安排合理的胀接焊接次序、选择合适的胀接压力等措施;采用了新的检验和检测技术,保证了产品质量;增设了压力传感器,完善了安全监测系统。     

高黏弹火药粗碎装置的研制

为解决半溶剂法发射药双螺杆成型工艺中预混捏合后物料形状及大小的差异悬殊,导致双螺杆挤出成型机吃料困难、挤出速度不均匀问题,将民用行业适于湿固体物料用粗碎机,通过主要工作参数及安全技术措施的改进,加工出一台适于高黏弹火药用的粗碎设备CSZZ-200。通过代料和真料实验,验证了装置性能。结果表明,经该粗碎机粗碎后的粒料,外形尺寸相对均匀,粒问不黏连,经双螺杆挤出后,挤出速度均匀稳定,解决了双螺杆挤出机中的喂料和出料不均匀问题。     

事故氯处理装置低压供电系统可靠性的改进

介绍了烧碱生产中的废氯气和事故状态下的氯气处理装置中低压供电系统的自投、自复、应急电源在生产中的重要作用、控制原理和存在问题，以及改进措施。