强度折减系数研究综述

强度折减系数既是基于强度抗震设计的关键,又是基于性态抗震设计的基础.本文以近十年来国内外的相关研究成果为基础,分析总结了对强度折减系数影响因素的研究进展,并对尚需进一步研究的问题进行归纳.     

城市轨道交通桥梁墩柱延性抗震设计方法

介绍了延性抗震设计的概念和方法,结合实际工程阐述了延性设计的计算流程,探讨了标准段桥梁不同墩柱形式、不同高度墩柱的适用范围.     

Seismic Behaviour of Beam-Column Joints of Precast and Partial Steel Reinforced Concrete

A beam-column joint of precast and partial steel reinforced concrete( PPSRC) is proposed for precast reinforced concrete frames. The PPSRC consists of partial steel and reinforced concrete. The partial steel is located in the core joint region and the connections between concrete members. This paper presents an experimental study of a series of PPSRC specimens. These specimens are tested under low cyclic loading.Experimental results demonstrate that the bearing capacity of the PPSRC specimens is 3 times that of the ordinary reinforced concrete( RC) beam-column joints. The strength and stiffness degradation rates are slower compared with that of the RC beam-column joints. In addition,the strength of the core joint region and the connections is higher than other parts of the PPSRC specimens. Beam failure occurs firstly for the PPSRC specimens,followed by column failure and connections failure. The failure of the core joint region occurs finally.Test results show that the seismic performance of the PPSRC is better than that of the ordinary RC beam-column joints.     

装配式混凝土双板短肢剪力墙拟静力试验

为综合评价装配式混凝土双板短肢剪力墙的抗震性能,对2个双板装配式和1个现浇的足尺比例短肢剪力墙试件进行了拟静力试验研究,分析了试件的滞回曲线、骨架曲线、位移延性、承载能力、刚度退化和耗能能力。结果表明：3个试件均发生弯曲破坏;构造改进后的双板装配式剪力墙具有良好的整体工作性能;利用连续矩形螺旋箍筋加强U形筋搭接连接范围混凝土的约束作用,能提高双板装配式短肢剪力墙的刚度和承载能力;双板装配式短肢剪力墙具有与现浇剪力墙相近的位移延性和刚度退化,具有良好的耗能能力。     

预制钢桁架加固钢筋混凝土框架试验

目的验证一种新的框架结构整体抗震加固方法的可行性.方法对已损伤的一榀框架做预制钢桁架加固,并对加固后的试件进行水平低周反复荷载试验,分析其力学性能、变形能力、抗侧力体系的破坏特征,与理论值进行比较判断两个框架的抗震能力.结果加固后试件表现了较强的耗能能力,骨架曲线的平行段较长,其滞回曲线形状饱满,充分体现了预制钢桁架加固钢筋混凝土的优越性.加固后原框架承载力约提高了16%,框架的延性系数是原来的1.2倍,提高了框架结构的变形能力.结论预制钢桁架加固钢筋混凝土的方法可提高试件的承载力、耗能能力以及变形能力.     

基于HFWT体系的钢—混组合梁的承载力试验研究

基于HFWT体系的钢—混组合梁是一种新型的梁—桁混合体系(HFWT)的组合桥梁结构。文章通过设计制作了2片不同厚度的试验梁,通过两点对称静力加载试验测试了试验梁的荷载—挠度关系、交界面处混凝土板与钢梁的相对滑移、桁架应力、跨中截面的应变分布变化,分析了试验梁的破坏形态、变形特点和承载性能。研究结果表明:混凝土板厚大的试验梁其刚度稍大,而且延性更好。     

H形柱传统弱轴连接抗震性能的有限元分析

为研究H形柱传统弱轴连接节点的抗震性能,对已有缩尺试验进行了有限元模拟和8个足尺模型的有限元模拟分析.通过与缩尺试验模型相同尺寸的有限元模型对试验进行了模拟,两者吻合较好.并且对8个足尺有限元模型结果的分析和对比,得出了该种连接的抗震延性、塑性转动能力等相关结论.并给出了对该种连接不足之处的一些改进建议.     

Recent progress in improving ductility of ultra-high strength nanostructured metals

Until very recently, the reported tensile ductility of ultra-high strength nanocrystalline metals was disappointingly low. This article presents a brief overview of recent progress in identifying a group of nanostructured bulk elemental metals that offer not only gigapascal strength but also decent ductility. These include electrodeposited nanocrystalline or nano-twinned metals, and consolidated full-density nanocrystalline metals. Our own recent studies of these interesting nanomaterials, extending our previous/parallel success in optimizing the properties of bulk nanostructured metals prepared via severe plastic deformation, also demonstrated unprecedented tensile plastic strains.     

高层建筑抗震设计中短柱问题的分析与处理

指出在诸如图书馆的车库、层高较低的储藏室、高层建筑的地下车库等处,由于使用荷载大,层高又较低,在设计中就不可避免地会出现短柱。而短柱的延性很差,尤其是超短柱几乎没有延性,在建筑遭受本地区设防烈度或高于本地区设防烈度的地震影响,很容易发生剪切破坏而造成结构破坏甚至倒塌。笔者在文中详细讨论了建筑中短柱的判别方法,及改善短柱抗震性能的几种措施。     

微量Y对Al—Li合金的析出相和力学性能的影响

研究了Y(0.1、0.5wt-％)对Al-Li-Cu—Mg—Zr合金析出相与拉伸性能的影响结果表明:Y可使铸态合金晶粒细化:促进β′(Al_3Zr)相析出:抑制δ′(Al_3Li)相的长大速度:使S′(Al_2CuMg)相的分布均匀化.添加0.1％Y能改善合金塑性而不降低强度:添加0.5％Y可使强度提高而塑性不降低