汽车行李箱盖关闭冲击及耐久性分析

基于LS-DYNA提出一种对汽车行李箱盖进行关闭冲击仿真的建模方法.建立密封条和锁总成的详细模型,并根据仿真结果对行李箱盖进行耐久性预测.仿真结果与试验结果的对比验证该模型的准确性.该方法可有效仿真汽车行李箱盖的关闭冲击及耐久性能,提升设计效率.     

预应力锚索腐蚀耐久性试验方案设计探讨

预应力锚索在岩土工程加固中应用广泛,其腐蚀耐久性对工程运行安全至关重要,而相关的腐蚀变化规律及机理还有待进一步明确。在总结当前预应力锚索腐蚀耐久性研究成果的基础上,对其腐蚀耐久性室内加速试验方案设计进行了探讨。分析了影响腐蚀的主要因素并拟定了各因素的不同影响水平;采用正交设计方法优化试验方案并通过有限元方法对试验模型尺寸和应力分布进行了计算模拟优化和验证;介绍了模型制作等工艺步骤。相关成果可供类似耐久性试验方案设计参考。      

曹娥江大闸结构耐久性设计

本文通过曹娥江大闸耐久性设计介绍,探讨有关措施对提高结构耐久性的作用,为了达到设计寿命100年的目标,主要采取了结构合理分缝、适当加大保护层厚度、高性能混凝土、预应力钢绞线、环氧涂层钢筋、施工期混凝土裂缝控制、水位变动区大块石护砌等措施.     

Challenges and Opportunities of Implantable Neural Interfaces: From Material,Electrochemical and Biological Perspectives

The desirable implantable neural interfaces can accurately record bioelectrical signals from neurons and regulate neural activities with high spatial/time resolution, facilitating the understanding of neuronal functions and dynamics. However, the electrochemical performance (impedance, charge storage/injection capacity) is limited with the miniaturization and integration of neural electrodes. The “crosstalk” caused by the uneven distribution of elctric field leads to lower electrical stimulation/recording efficiency. The mismatch between stiff electrodes and soft tissues exacerbates the inflammatory responses, thus weakening the transmission of signals. Though remarkable breakthroughs have been made through the incorporation of optimizing electrode design and functionalized nanomaterials, the chronic stability, and long-term activity in vivo of the neural electrodes still need further development. In this review, the neural interface challenges mainly on electrochemistry and biology are discussed, followed by summarizing typical electrode optimization technologies and exploring recent advances in the application of nanomaterials, based on traditional metallic materials, emerging 2D materials, conducting polymer hydrogels, etc., for enhancing neural interfaces. The strategies for improving the durability including enhanced adhesion and minimized inflammatory response, are also summarized. The promising directions are finally presented to provide enlightenment for high-performance neural interfaces in future, which will promote profound progress in neuroscience research.     

Boosting the Durability of Triboelectric Nanogenerators: A Critical Review and Prospect

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have attracted great interests in the development of sustainable energies and intelligent society. However, a big challenge for TENGs in practical applications is the unavoidable external mechanical abrasion and/or contaminant adsorption on the triboelectric materials, which leads to the significant decrease of the durability of TENGs and is urgently needed to be addressed. There are already a series of interesting progresses on the topic of the TENGs’ durability. In this study, reviewing the durability of TENGs via both the advanced materials/structure designing and the novel surface/interface engineering is focused upon, which includes choosing basic TENG materials, improving composites performance, optimizing structures, and designing triboelectric surfaces and interfaces. To get a better understanding of the durability of TENGs in published studies, the quantifiable levels of service life are also summarized including operation cycles, time, friction coefficient, and wear loss of triboelectric materials, where the boosting mechanisms are also discussed and summarized. Finally, the challenges as well as key strategies toward high durable TENGs are presented.     

水工混凝土大坝表面防护涂层材料研究进展

由于水利工程的特殊性,水工混凝土大坝长期处于含砂高速水流冲刷侵蚀、气温变化大、冻融频繁等恶劣环境下,其耐久性直接影响着水利工程的安全性和服役寿命。在混凝土表面涂覆防护涂层可有效阻止有害介质渗入混凝土毛细孔内部,从而达到提高混凝土耐久性的目的,被广泛应用于大坝表面的防护领域。简要综述了近年来发展起来的浸渍型有机硅、氟碳、环氧树脂、丙烯酸酯、聚氨酯、聚脲和清水混凝土复合涂料体系等多种新型坝面防护涂层材料的特点及最新研究成果,并总结了混凝土防护涂层材料的发展方向。     

透光混凝土制备、性能以及应用综述

透光混凝土是一种新型建筑材料。为满足建筑行业的需求,对透光混凝土制备工艺、性能进行深入透彻的研究已变得非常迫切。对透光混凝土的制备、工艺,以及其性能进行综述,以期为透光混凝土行业的发展以及研究应用提供借鉴。系统地评述了透光混凝土制备工艺、导光性能、力学性能和耐久性能的研究现状,从透光混凝土中光纤的排布工艺、光纤材料的选择和处理以及生产设备等角度论述了透光混凝土的制备工艺的研究现状;分析了透光混凝土的光学性能、力学性能、耐久性和界面性能等技术性能指标及其影响因素;同时对透光混凝土的成功应用案例进行了系统分析。     

锂渣粉作为辅助胶凝材料在水泥基材料中的研究进展

锂渣是生产锂盐过程中产生的工业废渣,其含有大量活性SiO_2和Al_2O_3,有作为辅助胶凝材料的应用潜力。从物理性质、化学成分与矿物组成、活性评价与活性激发等方面介绍了锂渣自身的物理化学特性和水化活性潜质。从力学性能、工作性、耐久性、水化反应与微结构四方面重点综述了锂渣粉对水泥基材料各方面性能的影响,并进行了理论分析与总结。最后指出锂渣粉用于水泥基材料需要在活性提高、高含量SO_3和多孔结构的改善及利用等方面加强研究。     

混凝土无机表面处理技术研究进展

混凝土表面处理能够显著改善混凝土表面渗透性,与有机表面处理相比,无机表面处理既能提升混凝土的耐久性,又具有较强的抗老化性能,发展前景比有机表面处理更广阔。对不同无机表面处理研究工作进行了总结对比,分析了无机表面处理的作用机理及其对混凝土耐久性的影响,以期为无机表面处理技术的进一步研究和其在工程中的应用提供指导和帮助。     

Characterization of Cementitious Materials Exposed to Freezing and Thawing in Combination with Deicing Salts Using 3D Scans

Surface deterioration of concrete subjected to freezing and thawing in combination with deicing salts is one of the most important factors determining the durability of concrete infrastructure in cold climates. The freeze–thaw deicing salt (FTDS) resistance of cementitious materials can be determined by the capillary suction of de-icing chemicals and freeze–thaw (CDF) test. Specimens are subjected to repeated freeze–thaw cycles with simultaneous addition of deicing salt and the amount of material scaled off near the surface is determined. For concretes with adequate FTDS resistance, this test method works very well. However, specimens with unknown performance often experience increased edge scaling. This leads to a falsification of results and consequently to an underestimation of the actual freeze–thaw resistance. In materials research, however, concretes with high levels of surface deterioration are studied in order to investigate various factors of influence on the freeze–thaw resistance of concretes in a targeted manner. This article presents a novel methodology that delivers new information regarding surface deterioration of CDF samples using high-resolution 3D scan data. Change of volume is used to support deterioration results of the standard CDF methodology. Increase of surface area is used to estimate change in roughness of samples.