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91.
Influence of Storage Time and Temperature on Absorption of Flavor Compounds from Solutions by Plastic Packaging Materials 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
R. Van Willige D. Schoolmeester A. Van Ooij J. Linssen A. Voragen 《Journal of food science》2002,67(6):2023-2031
ABSTRACT: Linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), oriented polypropylene (OPP), polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET film and PET bottle), and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) were stored in a model solution containing 10 flavor compounds at 4, 20, and 40 °C and flavor absorption by the plastic materials was followed in time. The absorption rate and/or total amount absorbed increased considerably with temperature from 4 to 40 °C. Depending on storage temperature, total flavor absorption by the polyolefins (LLDPE and OPP) was 3 to 2400 times higher than by the polyesters (PC, PET, and PEN). Therefore, in the factor of flavor absorption, polyesters are preferred over polyolefins as packaging material. 相似文献
92.
Mitsuhiro Fukuta Tadashi Yanagisawa Hiroaki Iwata Kazutaka Tada 《International Journal of Refrigeration》2002,25(7)
This paper discusses the feasibility of a vapor compression/absorption hybrid refrigeration cycle for energy saving and utilization of waste heat. The cycle employs propane as a natural refrigerant and a refrigeration oil as an absorbent. A prototype of the cycle is constructed, in which a compressor and an absorption unit are combined in series. The performance of the cycle is examined both theoretically and experimentally. Although the solubility of the propane with the oil is not enough as a working pair in the absorption unit, the theoretical calculation shows that the hybrid cycle has a potential to achieve a higher performance in comparison with a simple vapor compression cycle by using the waste heat. In the experiment, the prototype cycle is operated successfully and it is found that an improvement of an absorber is necessary to achieve the good performance close to the theoretical one. The application of an AHE (absorber heat exchanger) can reduce the heat input to a generator. Further examinations on some other combinations of refrigerant/refrigeration oil and additives are desirable. 相似文献
93.
GaAs半导体中三光子吸收的非线性光电导测量 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用非线性光电导技术测量2.06μm激光激发的GaAs本征半导体三光子吸收,观察到三光子和单光子吸收的混合光电导,测得了三光子吸收系数.测量结果与理论计算符合较好. 相似文献
94.
95.
通过对反击式粉碎机粉尘产生的原因进行分析,引入非均相物系重力沉降分离原理,设计了大同煤预粉碎工程的除尘装置,取得了良好的使用效果. 相似文献
96.
J. HADGRAFT 《International journal of cosmetic science》1985,7(3):103-115
The skin comes into contact with a large range of materials either deliberately or inadvertently. It should be possible to predict the exact transport rates of these materials through the skin as a function of the physicochemical properties of the different compounds. With this sort of knowledge it is possible to predict the exact disposition of compounds and use this in the formulation of new products both in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic field. The information will also be useful from the standpoint of skin toxicology and environmental health. In order to be able to predict this complex process it is necessary to split the overall transport into different component parts. This article will identify these components and provide illustrations. The major areas discussed will be barrier function of the skin, the release properties of different topical formulations and how these may be monitored. Novel means of enhancing the penetration of drugs will be discussed and how some additives that are incorporated into formulations will perhaps alter the barrier function of skin. A mathematical model describing skin penetration has been developed and its use in predicting blood levels will be described. This model has been tested both in animal experiments and in limited human studies and its relevance to these situations will be highlighted.
Absorption cutanée et transcutanée in vivo 相似文献
Absorption cutanée et transcutanée in vivo 相似文献
97.
Ti wire electrodes were immersed in acidic solutions containing H2SO4 and HCl of various concentrations at 353 K to evaluate corrosion rate by measurement of electric resistance change (resistometry). Addition of hydrochloric acid to sulphuric acid solution promoted depassivation of Ti. After depassivation, the immersion potential dropped to the hydrogen evolution potential and a hydride layer was formed on the surface. The hydride layer dissolved continuously in the acidic solution. SEM observation showed that Ti wires dissolved almost uniformly in the early stage and that the dissolution then trace became irregular due to nonuniform growth of the hydride layer. Dissolution rate of a Ti wire was estimated almost accurately by resistometry. 相似文献
98.
99.
高炉煤气喷水降温控制方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用KMM调节器根据温控偏差和喷水量计算两个调节参数,对水量调节阀进行开度调节来控制最终喷水量,从而达到准确有效控制布袋除尘器入口煤气温度的目的。 相似文献
100.
本文提出了以工业废弃物───瓦斯灰和烟道灰处理电镀含铬废水研究的新方法。该方法给出了适宜的处理时间、处理剂用量、PH值和活化剂等工艺条件。对于300mg/l以下的含铬废水,采用该法处理其去除率可达99%以上,出水PH值和浓度均符合排放标准。 相似文献