Equilibrium constrained assumed natural co-ordinate strain plate elements

Equilibrium constraints are used to improve the stress accuracy of existing assumed natural-co-ordinate strain (ANS) plate elements. This is accomplished by introducing hierarchical degrees of freedom, which are subsequently eliminated by invoking kinematic consistency and element-interior homogeneous equilibrium conditions. The resulting element enrichments are completely contained in the strain-displacement matrix. In addition, the modified displacement shape functions become available for consistent mass and nodal load calculations, a feat not shared by some hybrid-type elements. The performance of the present element (ANS-EC) is compared with other plate bending elements. This performance comparison includes convergence studies for both displacements and stresses.     

Qualitative Estimation of Mineral Grain Sizes by Ultrasonic Laser Spectroscopy

For elastic waves in geomaterials, the method is proposed to determine experimentally the frequency dependence of attenuation factor by ultrasonic laser excitation and estimate the characteristic sizes of mineral grains. An example is shown for using the method in question for structural analysis of ferrous quartzite samples.     

Nonlinear vibration of thin plates with initial stress by spline finite strip method

The spline finite strip method and the incremental time–space finite element procedure are used to analyse large amplitude vibration of plates with initial stresses. Two improvements for the procedure are presented. The free vibration and the internal resonance of plates with initial stress as well as the forced vibration of plates with damping and initial stress are computed. The results compared favourably with those available in other publications.     

厚板问题的位移法分析

本文从弹性体的三维 L—N方程出发,导出了平板问题的普遍形式解.作为实例,给出了半无限板、半无限长板条两个边值问题的严格解析解.用本文的方法分析平板,所得结果能反映边界位移和应力沿厚度方向的变化情况.     

关于各种弹性地基模型上的结构分析

地基模型一般可分为:(1)Winkler 模型,(2)Boussinesq 半无限体模型,(3)成层模型,(4)双参数模型,(5)各种非弹性(如粘性、塑性)模型等。(1)～(4)属于弹性地基模型.本文首先分析了各种弹性地基模型,然后综述了近年来国内外发表的有关置于各种弹性地基模型上的结构分析方面的成果,文中也包括作者自己尚未发表的部分成果。     

矿用应变式测力传感器的零点稳定性研究

传感器零点的长期稳定性，是传感器可靠性中一项前提性技术指标，本文从应变计的选用、粘贴工艺、弹性体设计等几个方面分析导致应变式测力传感器零点漂移的原因及改进措施，为从本质上改善传感器的性能，特别是减小零漂方面，提供了科学的理论依据及具体改进方法。     

任意跨弹性支承直梁横向自振的一个新解法

本文给出了任意跨弹性支承(包括扭转弹性支承)直梁横向自由振动的一个新解析解法,将弹性支承反力看作是作用于梁上的未知外力,求得了直梁横向受迫振动响应的解析解,由边界条件确定待定的积分常数,利用支承处支承反力与梁位移间的线性关系导出频率方程,频率方程是以阶数等于弹性支承个数的行列式表示的,振型函数则以统一的解析式表示,刚性支承是本文特例。本文具体导出了几种常见边界条件下的频率方程,最后给出了一个算例。     

Characterization of low-light-level cameras for digitized video microscopy

The use of low-light-level video cameras and solid-state image detectors in conjunction with image digitizers for optical microscopy is increasing dramatically as more people learn about such systems, and as they become more powerful, less expensive, and easier to use. However, there is currently little information available allowing comparison between cameras, or for determining camera suitability for a given experiment. In this paper, we describe a series of tests designed to characterize the performance of low-light-level cameras. The results of these tests should assist in the selection of appropriate cameras for given video microscopy applications.     

Influence of substrate compliance on buckling delamination of thin films

A thin film subject to in-plane compressive stress is susceptible to buckling-driven delamination. This paper analyzes a straight-sided delamination buckle with a focus on the effects of substrate compliance, following earlier work by B. Cotterell and Z. Chen. The critical buckling condition, the energy release rate and the mode mix of the interface delamination crack are calculated as a function of the elastic mismatch between the film and substrate. The average energy release rate at the curved end of a tunneling straight-sided blister is also determined. The more compliant the substrate, the easier for the film to buckle and the higher the energy release rates. The effect becomes significant when the modulus of the substrate is appreciably less than that of the film. When the substrate modulus is comparable to that of the film, or higher, the usual assumption is justified to the effect that the film is clamped along its edges. When the substrate is very compliant the energy release rate at the curved front exceeds that along the straight sides.     

Topology optimization of periodic microstructures with a penalization of highly localized buckling modes

The problem of determining highly localized buckling modes in perfectly periodic cellular microstructures of infinite extent is addressed. A double scale asymptotic technique is applied to the linearized stability problem for a periodic structure built from linearly elastic microstructures. The obtained stability condition for the microscale level is then used to establish a comparative analysis between different material distributions in the base cell subjected to the same strain field at the macroscale level. The idea is illustrated by some two‐dimensional finite element examples and used to design materials with optimal elastic properties that are less prone to localized instability in the form of local buckling modes at the scale of the microstructure. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.