SINS/GPS组合导航系统仿真研究

以某载体的规划航迹数据为对象,针对捷联、卫星组合导航系统(SINS/GPS)进行了仿真研究。由规划航迹数据计算出载体的比力和角速度信息,输入至惯性测量器件模型,模型输出激励捷联解算模块,得到惯导系统输出参数;同时对规划数据添加观测噪声模拟GPS测量值。采用相对简单的基于半位置、半速度误差的误差方程作为状态方程,以松耦合方式进行集中式Kalman滤波,给出了SINS单独工作与SINS/GPS组合得到的半位置、半速度误差分布。对各状态的观测度进行了研究,确定了不可观测的状态并给出了部分状态可观测度的时间分布。仿真结果表明,方法正确有效,可对SINS/GPS组合导航系统进行算法验证和方案性评估。     

光通信中一种有效的差分脉冲位置宽度调制

考虑脉冲位置调制(PPM)在解调时需要严格的时钟同步和符号同步,而且功率越高,时隙越窄的问题,结合差分脉冲位置调制(DPPM)和脉冲宽度调制(PWM)提出了一种有效的调制方式--差分脉冲位置宽度调制(DPPM+PWM).研究了采用DPPM+PWM的红外通信系统在加性高斯白噪声干扰下的性能,对DPPM+PWM的符号结构、发射功率、带宽需求、传输容量以及误包率等特性进行了分析,并通过仿真与开关键控(OOK),PPM,PPM等调制方式进行了比较.结果表明DP-PM+PWM频带利用率高,传输容量大,不需要符号同步,且增加了脉冲信号的长度,大大简化系统实现,是一种很有实际应用价值的调制方式.     

空间自适应正则化超分辨率图像重建

超分辨率图像重建是一个病态问题,在重建过程中需要正则化处理,而正则化重建会引入正则化误差及重建过程中由于病态性而引入的噪声放大误差,且这两类误差均和图像的空间局部特性有关.提出根据图像的局部空间统计特性自适应控制超分辨率图像正则化重建算法,采用图像局部统计方差来区分图像棱边区域及平滑区域,在图像的棱边区域加强图像的约束重建,而在图像的平滑区域加强正则化.实验表明该算法能有效地减小重建误差,算法的信噪比得益优于传统的正则化重建算法及总变分模型重建算法,并且对正则化参数的选择具有一定的鲁棒性.     

基于最小二乘法的HDR图像快速滤噪算法

提出一种针对高动态范围（HDR）图像滤噪的新方法,通过对用于合成HDR的一组图像进行滤噪来实现。在亮度空间中,通过求解加权最小二乘问题拟合L-t直线,并用该直线修正亮度值,从而到达滤噪目的。实验表明该算法运算量小,能有效去除椒盐型噪声,对高斯型噪声抑制效果明显,优于A.&E.(Ahmet&Erit)的加权求和滤噪算法。     

典型炼油装置数据校正技术的研究

化工过程测虽数据作为反映装置运行状况的特征信息,是实现计算机过程控制、模拟、优化和生产管理的基本依据.研究过程数据校正技术,对实现装置优化控制与管理具有重要理论意义和现实意义.现有理论研究大都采用传统统计检验和线性化处理方法,在实际应用有较大局限性.本文在对已有数据校正技术分析的基础上,提出将修正的时间序列分析法用于测量数据校正.综合考虑数据的窄间冗余和时间冗余,充分利用过程的历史数据,建立了时间序列概率模型,并针对含随机误差数据和含过失误差数据两种情况,从时序法平均值、阶跃过程模型等方面详细探讨数据校正方法.将新的数据校正方法用于典型常减压蒸馏装置,结果表明,新方法能够侦破出数据中含有的过失误差;校正值与真值的平均偏差非常小,具有足够的精度保证数据的准确性;修正的时间序列分析法用于数据校正能克服传统方法的局限性.     

大气湍流图像像素偏差机理分析

对大气湍流导致图像畸变和像素偏差的因素进行了深入分析,对大气湍流状态下激光发射远距离光束的光束漂移均方值进行仿真,分析光束漂移均方值曲线,为后续对图像畸变、像素偏差校正及克服湍流影响提供有效的理论依据。     

Error compensation in machine tools: a neural network approach

For a non-idealized machine tool, each point in the workspace is associated with a tool point positioning error vector. If this error map can be determined, then it is possible to substantially improve the positioning performance of the machine by introducing suitable compensation into the control loop. This paper explores the possibility of using an artifical neural network (ANN) to compute this mapping. The training set for the ANN is obtained by mounting a physical artifact whose dimensions are precisely known in the machine's workspace. The machine, equipped with a touch trigger probe, measures the positions of features on the artifact. The difference between the machine reading and the known dimension is the machine error at that point in the workspace. Using standard modeling techniques, the kinematic error model for a CNC turning center was developed. This model was parameterized by measurement of the parametric error functions using a laser interferometer, electronic levels and a precision square. The kinematic model was then used to simulate the artifact-measuring process and develop the ANN training set. The effect of changing artifact geometry was explored and a machining operation was simulated using the ANN output to provide compensation. The results show that the ANN is capable of learning the error map of a real machine, and that ANN-based compensation can significantly reduce part-dimensional errors.     

A quantized set-membership estimation-based heading control method of unmanned surface vessels under unknown-but-bounded wave-induced disturbances

This paper is concerned with the heading tracking control problem for a network-based unmanned surface vessel (USV) under wave-induced disturbances. Considering the characteristics of the wave-induced disturbances, the unknown-but-bounded (UBB) noise model is adopted. Meanwhile, signal quantization is taken into account due to the limited capacity of the communication channel. Based on these considerations, a novel set-membership based control scheme is proposed, which consists of a set-membership filter (SMF) and a set-membership controller (SMC). In the proposed control scheme, the SMF is designed for providing an ellipsoidal estimation set for the USV at each sampling step, and then the SMC uses the estimation set for producing control input for the USV in order to track the reference. Sufficient conditions are derived for the considered USV system to be asymptotically stable and satisfy the modified set-membership performance constraint. Simulation results verifies the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.     

从测角后交最佳点位规律看规范规定之不足

本文分析了文献[1]所总结的测角后交两类公式在取得最佳点位时的规律,指出当前规范对此问题规定之不足.     

An improved method for voice pathology detection by means of a HMM-based feature space transformation

This paper presents new a feature transformation technique applied to improve the screening accuracy for the automatic detection of pathological voices. The statistical transformation is based on Hidden Markov Models, obtaining a transformation and classification stage simultaneously and adjusting the parameters of the model with a criterion that minimizes the classification error. The original feature vectors are built up using classic short-term noise parameters and mel-frequency cepstral coefficients. With respect to conventional approaches found in the literature of automatic detection of pathological voices, the proposed feature space transformation technique demonstrates a significant improvement of the performance with no addition of new features to the original input space. In view of the results, it is expected that this technique could provide good results in other areas such as speaker verification and/or identification.