一种新的阵列误差有源校正算法

阵列互耦、幅相误差以及阵元位置误差的综合影响会严重影响阵列天线的测向性能．针对均匀圆阵,该文基于特征空间类方法给出了一种新的阵列误差有源校正算法．新算法是以交替迭代的方式给出,其目标函数建立在子空间基本原理的基础上,并且适用于多个校正源同时存在的情况．文中还给出了阵列误差参数估计唯一性的必要条件,仿真实验验证了新算法的有效性．     

Effects of different real-time feedback types on human performance in high-demanding work conditions

Experiencing stress during training is a way to prepare professionals for real-life crises. With the help of feedback tools, professionals can train to recognize and overcome negative effects of stress on task performances. This paper reports two studies that empirically examined the effect of such a feedback system. The system, based on the COgnitive Performance and Error (COPE) model, provides its users with physiological, predicted performance and predicted error-chance feedback. The first experiment focussed on creating stressful scenarios and establishing the parameters for the predictive models for the feedback system. Participants (n=9) performed fire-extinguishing tasks on a virtual ship. By altering time pressure, information uncertainty and consequences of performance, stress was induced. COPE variables were measured and models were established that predicted performance and the chances on specific errors. In the second experiment a new group of participants (n=29) carried out the same tasks while receiving eight different combinations of the three feedback types in a counterbalanced order. Performance scores improved when feedback was provided during the task. The number of errors made did not decrease. The usability score for the system with physiological feedback was significantly higher than a system without physiological feedback, unless combined with error feedback.This paper shows effects of feedback on performances and usability. To improve the effectiveness of the feedback system it is suggested to provide more in-depth tutorial sessions. Design changes are recommended that would make the feedback system more effective in improving performances.     

基于节点间连通性差异的DV-Hop定位算法

提出一种基于节点之间的连通性差异的算法(CDA DV-Hop). 首先通过锚节点的逆向位置估计,对锚节点的平均跳距重新进行计算,减少累计误差;然后再根据相近位置具有相似的连通性这一特性,对同一未知节点的不同估计位置进行最大最小值的限定,限定超出感知区域的位置,并计算它们的连通性差异;最后从候选估计位置中找出连通性差异值较小的位置作为最终的估计位置. 实验结果表明,在相同的条件下,CDA DV-Hop算法相比已有的距离向量-跳距算法具有更高的精度.     

Application of Polarity Correlation Method to Graphite Moderated Reactor

The polarity correlation method has been applied to an experiment for measuring the prompt mode neutron decay constant of a reactor with a long neutron lifetime. Measurements have been performed in the SHE VIII-l at critical and several subcritical steady states (0~ — 1$).

The analog signal of detector output is converted to a polarity signal having only one-bit of information on the amplitude of the detected signal. The polarity correlation function is obtained as the correlation function between two polarity signals. Attention has been paid in the design of the correlator to obtain ample stability in operation. Using a digital computer, the prompt mode neutron decay constant is determined with 2% experimental accuracy from the decay curve of the polarity correlation function. A series of the prompt mode neutron decay constants is fitted to an approximated expression of inhour equation to obtain βl. The value of each prompt mode neutron decay constant was found to be in good agreement with that measured by the pulsed neutron technique. The polarity correlation method is particularly applicable to critical or near critical state where a pulsed neutron source cannot be effectively introduced.

In Appendix, an estimation is made for the error in the measured polarity correlation function due to unbalanced mean setting level in the experiment.     

基于变形控制的薄壁结构件高速铣削参数选择

首先对国内外有关研究薄壁件铣削加工变形的文献进行了回顾。然后,对不同切削参数下铣削力变化规律以及因铣削力引起的加工变形进行了理论分析与试验研究,并以此为基础提出了薄壁件高速铣削切削参数选择原则。试验结果表明,采用优化的切削参数不仅使薄壁件加工精度得到了保证,加工效率也大大提高。     

复曲面镜片铣磨后的面形误差理论分析

复曲面镜片铣磨后,一个剖面的曲线为真圆,而另一个与之垂直的剖面内曲线为一复杂曲线,通过分析成形运动,导出了复杂曲线的方程,将理想圆与该曲线进行比较,得到了复曲面镜片面形误差的计算公式,并利用计算机计算出了面形误差,从而得出了当镜片回转半径等于176.66mm,砂轮直径越大,砂轮所扳角度避免在30°左右取值,能减小复曲面镜片面形误差,提高面形精度的结论.为合理选择机床参数提供了理论依据.     

五点法测量机床主轴轴向及倾角的运动误差

提出了测量机床主轴的轴向及倾角运动误差的端面五点法。在轴端面绕轴心的某一圆周上,垂直于轴端面,按通过误差分析优化确定的位置,布置五个测头,在主轴回转一圈中同时测得主轴的轴向及倾角运动误差以及端面基准的形状误差,并将测头的读数及定位误差的影响降至最低程度。本方法可用于机床主轴回转精度的实时测量,试验表明其测量精度可达亚微米级。     

Friction coefficient of upsetting with a procedure of combining the inverse model and the Tikhonov method

The purpose of this paper is to develop an inverse procedure, which is used to obtain the history of the Coulomb's friction coefficient on the contact surfaces between the workpiece and the die during the AA1050 aluminum upsetting process. This procedure is based on the experimental upsetting normal loadings and combines the matrix-presentation linear least-squares errors method of inverse elastic–plastic large deformation finite element model developed in this paper with the regularization of Tikhonov method. The square of the difference of the friction coefficients between successive stages is adopted as the stabilizing function of the regularization of Tikhonov method. In this paper, the Coulomb's friction model is adopted before the sticking effect occurs. After the sticking effect occurrence, the shear strength friction model is adopted. From the results of this paper, it can be shown and demonstrated that the inverse procedure proposed in this paper can make the history of the Coulomb's friction coefficient more stable and reasonable.     

基于RP技术的金属电弧喷涂模具制造的误差分析

介绍了基于RP（快速原型）技术的金属电弧喷涂模具制造工艺流程；分析了金属电弧喷涂快速模具制造误差产生的来源；通过实例说明在模具制造的三个过程（即树脂原型、石膏型和电弧喷涂模具）中，以石膏型制造过程中产生误差的可控因素较多,例如不同水固比、不同烘干温度和添加不同填料后石膏固化时会产生不同的膨胀做缩率。通过选用合适的工艺参数，可以降低模具制造综合误差。     

西门子840D/810D几何误差补偿研究

通过对数控机床几何误差的有效补偿,可以使原有机床的加工精度显著提高。针对西门子840D/810D数控系统,简单分析了数控机床几何误差,详细介绍了怎样利用西门子系统自带的功能来补偿数控机床的几何误差。并且用实验验证利用西门子系统自带的功能来补偿几何误差的可行性与有效性。最后,介绍了利用西门子提供的功能实施几何误差的特殊用法。对于提高841D/840D数控系统的应用水平以及提高国产数控系统几何误差补偿水平具有重要的工程价值。