基于SWT的GIS电压互感器二次侧干扰分析

特快速暂态过电压（VFTO）是气体绝缘变电站（GIS）中切换隔离开关时产生的特殊电磁暂态现象。VFTO会以传导和辐射方式影响二次设备的正常运行。为探究VFTO对二次设备的干扰特性,文中采用自制的二次侧干扰测量装置对某1 000 kV GIS的电压互感器（PT）二次侧共模干扰进行现场实测。接着,对比了5种时频分析方法的性能,采用其中性能较优的同步压缩小波变换（SWT）对实测波形进行了时频分析。实测结果表明：PT二次侧的共模干扰电压峰峰值最高可达9.65 kV。微脉冲的时频分析结果表明：7.8 MHz频率分量幅值高,且贯穿波形的始终,是PT二次侧干扰的主导频率分量。该分析结果可为GIS中二次设备的电磁抗扰度测试和电磁防护设计提供参考。     

抛丸器气力喂丸装置设计

提供了新型抛丸器气力喂丸机装置的结构、设计参数发现场应用情况。该装置长期应用于六工位半自动抛丸机。现场使用表明，气力喂丸装置适用于高效抛丸器。     

弹簧表层优化喷丸残余应力场的工程计算方法

以往多是依靠疲劳试验或经验来选择弹簧的喷丸强化工艺参数，这种传统作法不仅人力和物力耗费大，而且所确定的工艺参数也不一定具有最佳的强化效果。依据作者提出的并已获得试验验证的“内部疲劳极限理论”，提出一种通过工程计算获得达到预先规定疲劳强度应具备的“优化残余应力场”。这样便有可能把喷丸强化工艺技术在制造业中的应用由以往单纯依靠试验和经验而步入到以工程计算为基础与少量典型试验相结合的更科学的途径。     

高能喷丸过程中的物质转移现象

采用高能喷丸技术在铝合金表面制备出纳米晶结构层，利用金相显微镜（OM），扫描电子显微镜（SEM／EDS），透射电子显微镜（TEM）及X射线衍射仪（XRD）等设备对高能喷丸铝合金表面层的显微结构及成分进行分析。结果表明：在高能喷丸表面纳米化过程中，弹丸中的Fe，cr原子在强制机械力的作用下转移进入铝合金表面，在材料表层约30μm的深度范围内形成分布不均匀的合金化层。这可能是纳米晶体中大量界面的形成使合金元素原子能够快速扩散和偏聚的结果。     

Evaluation of Surface Residual Stresses in Friction Stir Welds Due to Laser and Shot Peening

The effects of laser, and shot peening on the residual stresses in friction stir welds (FSW) has been investigated. The surface residual stresses were measured at five different locations across the weld in order to produce an adequate residual stress profile. The residual stresses before and after sectioning the coupon from the welded plate were also measured, and the effect of coupon size on the residual stress relaxation was determined and characterized. Measurements indicate that residual stresses were not uniform along the welded plate, and large variation in stress magnitude could be exhibited at various locations along the FSW plate. Sectioning resulted in significant residual stress relaxation in the longitudinal direction attributed to the large change in dimensions in this direction. Overall, laser and shot peening resulted in a significant reduction in tensile residual stresses at the surface of the specimens.     

Dynamic compensation by fusing a high-speed actuator and high-speed visual feedback with its application to fast peg-and-hole alignment

This paper presents a dynamic compensation concept to grapple with the dynamic defects of a traditional robot arm, especially while performing high-speed endpoint regulations. The proposed high-speed dynamic compensation concept offers a new point of view for cooperating with a traditional manipulator to realize highly dexterous performance of manipulations. The concept is realized through adoption of a high-speed light-weight actuator as well as endpoint closed loop configured high-speed cameras. The dynamic compensation is analyzed experimentally with 1000 Hz visual feedback and a high-speed finger for a robot arm in the case of one degree of freedom. The advantage of the proposed approach is that the modeling for the robot system’s dynamics is not needed, whereas it is necessary and trivial in order to realize high-speed regulations by traditional approaches. Thus, the control issue becomes easier with the proposed approach. As an application for this concept, fast peg-and-hole alignment with large position and attitude uncertainty is studied. The alignment algorithm is based on a visual compliance strategy. Alignment experiments show that with the proposed concept of dynamic compensation as well as visual compliant motion control, robust and fast convergence was realized for most cases.     

基于局部自适应先验MRF模型的快速BP图像分割算法

针对常规MRF分割模型不能有效描述图像的局部特征、常导致图像的过分割现象,提出了一种局部自适应先验的MRF模型。该模型利用图像的邻接区域信息建立了一种局部自适应特征MRF模型。基于提出的模型,建立了一种具有快速收敛策略的区域BP算法对MRF模型的区域消息进行传递,有效解决了区域BP算法的计算量大的问题。实验结果表明,与常规区域BP算法相比,提出的分割方法具有更快的分割速度和精度。     

NH3-NO/NO2 SCR for diesel exhausts after treatment: mechanism and modelling of a catalytic converter

We review herein the key mechanistic and kinetic features of the reactions involved in the NH₃-NO/NO₂ SCR system investigated by dynamic reactive experiments over a V-based commercial powdered catalyst, eventually leading to the proposal of an original redox scheme which accounts for stoichiometry, selectivity and intrinsic kinetics of the global SCR process.     

基于单轴速率转台的角速度传感器标定方法

针对传统的标定方法标定成本高且对北向基准的要求严格等问题,提出了一种用单轴速率转台作为标定设备的光纤陀螺捷联航姿系统标定方法。对光纤陀螺组合的误差进行建模,将光纤陀螺捷联航姿系统安装于单轴速率转台上,使光纤陀螺捷联航姿系统的3个陀螺轴向分别朝下进行标定实验,由此标定出3只光纤陀螺的零偏、标度因数和安装失准角共12个误差参数。通过对标定精度进行分析,验证了该方法的可行性,其标定成本低且不需要北向基准,具有一定的工程应用价值。     

基于FFT的陀螺寻北仪误差补偿

传统提高陀螺寻北仪精度的方法主要是选用高精度陀螺、提高转位精度、增加转位数、通过数字滤波消除外界干扰等,这些方法大多针对寻北仪的某方面误差因素进行改进,而对寻北仪整体的误差特性研究较少。通过对陀螺寻北仪综合误差特性的分析,提出了基于快速傅立叶变换(FFT)的寻北仪误差补偿方法。该方法首先测量出寻北仪的整周误差,然后通过求取FFT系数完成对寻北仪的系统级误差补偿,该方法尤其对寻北仪制造过程中的结构误差和测量元件的常值漂移残差具有良好的补偿效果。经产品验证可以在保持现有陀螺和转位精度不变的情况下,提高寻北精度3倍以上,具有良好的工程实用价值。