火炮多柔体动力学结构优化研究

针对现有动力学优化方法很难对多体系统中的柔性体进行结构优化的问题,提出结合多学科代理模型法和改进的非支配排序遗传算法的多柔体动力学优化方法。以火炮炮口振动参数为输出,柔体模态参数和部分火炮总体参数为输入,在已验证的多体刚柔耦合模型的基础上,采用径向基函数-反向传播神经网络建立了具有良好泛化能力和预测精度的代理模型。利用改进的非支配排序遗传算法对各炮口振动参数进行动力学优化,采用max-min准则从优化得到的Pareto最优解集中优选出一个较为兼顾各优化目标的解,与原模型结果对比,优化效果明显。该方法能用于火炮多柔体动力学结构优化,也为火炮总体结构设计和相关优化提供了一定的参考。     

非爆破柔性气缸弹射器研究

研究一种基于压缩气体静音发射的柔性气缸弹射器,实现了在约束且不爆破的情况下对弹射物变距离做功。通过弹射理论分析、仿真计算和实验验证相结合的方法,对柔性气缸弹射器动力学特性进行研究。结果表明：柔性气缸折叠压缩、充气展开弹射能实现对弹射物的发射,弹射过程无爆破现象;弹射器弹射能力受到柔性气缸初始长度、柔性气缸与弹射物的接触面积、柔性气缸压力等因素的影响。在对不同初始长度柔性气缸的弹射能力的研究中发现：柔性气缸初始长度越长、折叠量越大,柔性气缸展开弹射的作用距离就越大,弹射能力也就越强;通过4个1 000 mm×2 000 mm 规格的柔性气缸组在2 MPa压力作用下弹射质量60 t弹射物可产生4.6 MJ能量,可实现对大质量物体的弹射。该研究成果对实现高压气体可控能量释放与大质量弹射技术研究具有参考意义。     

Super‐ and Ultrathin Organic Field‐Effect Transistors: from Flexibility to Super‐ and Ultraflexibility

Physically flexible electronics offer a wide range of benefits, including the development of next‐generation consumer electronics and healthcare products. The advancement of physical flexibility, typically achieved by the reduction of the total device thickness, including substrates and encapsulation layers, shows great promise for skin‐laminated electronics. Organic electronics—devices relying on carbon‐based materials—offer many advantages over their inorganic counterparts, including the following: significantly lower fabrication temperatures resulting in alternative fabrication techniques, including inkjet and roll‐to‐roll printing, enabling low‐cost and large‐area fabrication; biocompatibility; and spectacular physical flexibility. This article presents a review, spanning the last two decades, of organic field‐effect transistors with the total thickness of just a few microns as well as devices demonstrated in this decade with a total thickness of few hundred of nanometers. A handful of demonstrations of other organic electronic thin film devices are also presented.     

Joint optimization method of failure probability and fiber-link load balancing in flexible bandwidth optical network

In order to gain insight into the relationship between the failure probability and the spectrum efficiency,both failure probability (FP) and load balancing (LB) were attempted to minimize in flexible bandwidth optical networks.An optimized FP-LB algorithm was developed to reduce failure probability and to improve the spectrum efficiency,and a traditional algorithm was further introduced for comparison in flexible bandwidth optical networks.Simulation results show that the optimized FP-LB algorithm reduces 69.8% blocking probability,45.3% spectrum occupancy rate,and 41.9% average failure probability compared to the traditional algorithm.Obviously,the optimized FP-LB algorithm achieves the joint optimization of both failure probability and load balancing.     

Thermo-Adaptive Block Copolymer Structural Color Electronics

Flexible electronics that enable the visualization of thermal energy have significant potential for various applications, such as thermal diagnosis, sensing and imaging, and displays. Thermo-adaptive flexible electronic devices based on thin 1D block copolymer (BCP) photonic crystal (PC) films with self-assembled periodic nanostructures are presented. By employing a thermo-responsive polymer/non-volatile hygroscopic ionic liquid (IL) blend on a BCP film, full visible structural colors (SCs) are developed because of the temperature-dependent expansion and contraction of one BCP domain via IL injection and release, respectively, as a function of temperature. Reversible SC control of the bi-layered BCP/IL polymer blend film from room temperature to 80 °C facilitates the development of various thermo-adaptive SC flexible electronic devices including pixel arrays of reflective-mode displays and capacitive sensing display. A flexible diagnostic thermal patch is demonstrated with the bi-layered BCP/IL polymer blend enabling the visualization of local heat sources from the human body to microelectronic circuits.     

Pseudohalide‐Induced Recrystallization Engineering for CH3NH3PbI3 Film and Its Application in Highly Efficient Inverted Planar Heterojunction Perovskite Solar Cells

High crystallinity and compactness of the active layer is essential for metal‐halide perovskite solar cells. Here, a simple pseudohalide‐induced film retreatment technology is developed as the passivation for preformed perovskite film. It is found that the retreatment process yields a controllable decomposition‐to‐recrystallization evolution of the perovskite film. Corresponding, it remarkably enlarges the grain size of the film in all directions, as well as improving the crystallinity and hindering the trap density. Meanwhile, owing to an intermediate catalytic effect of the pseudohalide compound (NH₄SCN), no crystal orientation changing and no impurity introduction in the modified film. By integrating the modified perovskite film into the planar heterojunction solar cells, a champion power conversion efficiency of 19.44% with a stabilized output efficiency of 19.02% under 1 sun illumination is obtained, exhibiting a negligible current density–voltage hysteresis. Moreover, such a facile and low‐temperature film retreatment approach guarantees the application in flexible devices, showing a best power conversion efficiency of 17.04%.     

Core‐Brominated Tetraazaperopyrenes as n‐Channel Semiconductors for Organic Complementary Circuits on Flexible Substrates

Organic thin‐film transistors (TFTs) are prepared by vacuum deposition and solution shearing of 2,9‐bis(perfluoroalkyl)‐substituted tetraazaperopyrenes (TAPPs) with bromine substituents at the aromatic core. The TAPP derivatives are synthesized by reacting known unsubstituted TAPPs with bromine in fuming sulphuric acid, and their electrochemical properties are studied in detail by cyclic voltammetry and modelled with density functional theory (DFT) methods. Lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energies and electron affinities indicate that the core‐brominated TAPPs should exhibit n‐channel semiconducting properties. Current‐voltage characteristics of the TFTs established electron mobilities of up to μ_n = 0.032 cm² V^?1 s^?1 for a derivative which was subsequently processed in the fabrication of a complementary ring oscillator on a flexible plastic substrate (PEN).     

用正交试验法优化挠性单面板精细线路的工艺

在制成能力为70μm/70μm的设备上探索进行理论线间距为40μm/40μm的挠性板精细线路工艺研究过程中,用正交试验法的L9（34）正交表安排蚀刻速度、曝光能量和显影速度三因素试验。试验发现,显影速度对精细线路影响最大,其最佳工艺优化参数为A1B3C2,即蚀刻速度为5.5 m/min、显影速度为2.8 m/min和曝光能量为60 mj。     

Large-scale,adhesive-free and omnidirectional 3D nanocone anti-reflection films for high performance photovoltaics

An effective and low-cost front-side anti-reflection(AR) technique has long been sought to enhance the performance of highly efficient photovoltaic devices due to its capability of maximizing the light absorption in photovoltaic devices. In order to achieve high throughput fabrication of nanostructured flexible and anti-reflection films, large-scale, nano-engineered wafer molds were fabricated in this work. Additionally, to gain in-depth understanding of the optical and electrical performance enhancement with AR films on polycrystalline Si solar cells, both theoretical and experimental studies were performed. Intriguingly,the nanocone structures demonstrated an efficient light trapping effect which reduced the surface reflection of a solar cell by17.7% and therefore enhanced the overall electric output power of photovoltaic devices by 6% at normal light incidence. Notably, the output power improvement is even more significant at a larger light incident angle which is practically meaningful for daily operation of solar panels. The application of the developed AR films is not only limited to crystalline Si solar cells explored here, but also compatible with any types of photovoltaic technology for performance enhancement.