常州会展中心与训练馆钢管桁架屋盖结构设计

以常州体育会展中心的会展中心与训练馆为例,介绍了钢屋盖的结构设计过程,并对屋盖结构选型、屋盖体系布置、屋盖计算分析、节点设计等方面进行了详细的阐述。     

异形多面体钢屋盖结构施工成套技术

针对异形多面体钢屋盖结构的施工难题提出一系列施工成套技术,发明了"异形构件的虚拟四面体顶点测量定位方法",解决了施工安装的测量定位问题;提出以异形节点为中心、同时焊接与该节点相连的至少3根主梁的施工工艺,能够有效抵消焊接应力与焊接变形,而且能够保证屋盖结构在施工期间分区形成独立稳定的结构状态;提出材料便宜、构造简单、操作简便的水平与垂直运输系统,解决了复杂结构的施工吊装问题,而且使施工成本大大降低;提出"以异形钢屋盖玻璃折板面为基准反向控制定位檩条位置"方法,能够有效控制屋盖采光顶玻璃面的安装精度.工程实践表明,提出的施工成套技术实用、经济、安全且高效.     

浅埋暗挖地铁车站管棚的数值模拟及其加固效果分析

以北京地铁十号线黄庄站126 m超前大管棚一次性施作作为研究背景,在对管棚作用效果和作用机理分析的基础上,比较了现有管棚计算模型的优劣,提出了在数值计算中采用桩单元模拟管棚的思路;对车站导洞施工过程中管棚变形的动态过程以及管棚注浆和管棚直径对地表沉降的控制效果进行了分析研究.监测数据表明:北京地铁十号线黄庄站管棚施作后,四导洞开挖完成后地表沉降控制在30 mm左右,与四号线黄庄站四导洞完成后地表80 mm的沉降值相比大大减小,起到了良好的控制作用.     

华丰井田4煤层顶板砾岩水突出影响因素分析

在分析砾岩分布特征及其水文地质特征的基础上,以矿山压力控制理论为指导,运用岩层沉降理论推断了华丰矿1409工作面在采厚为6.5m的情况下,导水裂隙带发育高度为96.2m,揭示了导水裂隙能够导致顶板砾岩水突出.结合矿山压力观测资料和顶板突水量资料,阐述了矿山压力和顶板砾岩突水突出之间的因果影响关系.根据2407工作面冲击地压监测资料,阐明冲击地压对顶板突水的促进作用.建立了顶板水沿工作面下平巷突出运移的模型,阐明了斑裂线是导致砾岩水大量突出的主要导水通道.     

Investigation of Flow Patterns in Continuous‐flow Stirred Vessels by Laser Doppler Velocimetry

The flow structure of a continuous‐flow reactor stirred by a Rushton turbine was investigated by laser Doppler velocimetry for two different mean residence time‐mixing time ratios. Velocity measurements were obtained for two inlet locations, corresponding to the incoming liquid stream being fed co‐currently or counter‐currently to the flow discharged by the turbine. In all investigated configurations and for all operating conditions, it was found that the flow disruption caused by the incoming liquid stream was observable mainly in the first vessel quarter, which followed the feed‐tube plane. From comparison of the velocities encountered in the various planes in the continuous‐flow reactor to the velocities of the batch reactor, it was also concluded that it may be possible to intensify the usage of the turbine‐stirred vessel by decreasing the characteristic times ratio, without considerable flow by‐pass and/or short‐circuiting problems.     

稻草强化生物膜浮床脱除工业尾水中氮素及COD的效果

工业污水处理厂排放的尾水中总氮含量偏高,容易引起地表水体的富营养化。为了提高尾水中总氮的去除效率,通过模拟稳定塘静态和动态试验,对比了不同稻草添加量(0,0.18,0.54 g/L)强化生物膜浮床脱除工业尾水中总氮(TN)的效果。静态试验结果表明:随着稻草量的增加,TN的去除率显著提高;10 d后,添加0(CK)、0.18 g/L(T1)和0.54 g/L(T2)稻草的尾水中,TN去除率分别为18%,40%,93%。动态试验结果显示,水力停留时间(HRT)为 4 d时,CK、T1和T2的平均TN去除率分别为10%,22%,49%,且3种情况下的进出水COD浓度无显著差异。这主要是由于稻草通过缓慢释放碳源为生物膜中异养反硝化细菌提供可利用的有机物。研究成果可为工业尾水深度处理脱氮技术提供参考。     

Influence of Structural Parameters of Turbocharger Floating Bearing on Its Dynamic Characteristic Coefficients

The structure parameters in an actual industrial production have a great influence on the coefficient of supercharger floating bearing dynamic characteristics,but there has been little systematic study so far. In this paper, the influence of structural parameters of the turbocharger floating bearing on its dynamic characteristic coefficientsis systematically investigated based on the theories of hydrodynamic lubrication and tribology. The influence of clearance ratio on eccentricity and the influence of internal to external radius ratios, and Sommerfeld number were analyzed.A new formula of responding characteristics of the oil film force caused by the displacement or velocity disturbance was deduced near an equilibrium in the steady state. Applying the newly developed formula, the dynamic characteristic was studied for floating bearings. Regularity for change of oil film stiffness and damping was analyzed with the structural parameters of floating bearing such as radius ratios and eccentricity.It has been found that the clearance ratio increases with eccentricity when the radius ratio is unchanged.The eccentricity decreases with the internal to external radius ratio of floating rings when the clearance ratio is constant.The absolute value of total principal stiffness and total main damping decrease with the clearance ratio and radius ratio of floating rings when the total cross damping is stable. The results and findings in this paper can contribute to nonlinear dynamics designs of turbocharger rotor-bearing systems.     

中国特色新型智库评价体系建设思考

随着全球化、国际竞争加剧,迫切需要从党和国家事业发展全局的战略高度,把中国特色新型智库建设作为一项重大而紧迫的任务。建设中国特色新型智库关键之一便是建设符合实际情况的中国特色新型智库评价体系,这对发挥评价排名对智库有效产出的促进作用,扩大中国智库国际影响力,提高中国智库在国际公共外交上的作用具有重大的意义。本文通过简要分析国内外智库评价基本情况,思考我国智库评价过程中存在的问题并尝试给出一些建设建议。     

电磁超声相控阵激励源高频隔离驱动电路

为了进一步提高电磁超声相控阵激励源的工作效率,基于半桥拓扑放大结构提出了一种电磁超声相控阵激励源高频隔离驱动电路的设计方法.根据金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管(metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor,MOSFET)的简化模型,分析了MOSFET在开通和关断过程中的开关损耗,从而给出了高频隔离驱动电路所必须满足的条件.通过采用光纤器件隔离脉冲信号和DC-DC隔离电源对参考电位进行转换,有效解决了驱动电路的高频"浮栅"问题,并利用RC微分电路和施密特反相器设计了驱动信号死区时间可调电路.实验结果表明:设计的驱动电路能够输出频率为1.1 MHz、死区时间为0.32μs、驱动电压为18.8 V、占空比为26%的互补驱动信号,并且在驱动MOSFET栅极的实际应用中,有效降低了功率开关管的功率损耗.     

大型油罐群消防多模式监控系统设计

为了提高石油储罐群消防安全监控系统的可靠性和灵活性,提出了一种基于工控机平台、平板电脑和Android手机的多模式监控系统的设计方案。分析了多模式监控系统的总体设计、底层各模块的功能,给出了中心计算机的上位监控、中心手动操作盘的应急手操以及移动监控模式的具体开发与实现方式。经调试证明,系统运行稳定,大大提升了消防控制系统的上位监控水平。