Velocity Distribution in the Roughness Layer of Rough-Bed Flows

Several models for the vertical distribution of the double-averaged (in time and in the plane parallel to the mean bed) longitudinal velocity in the flow region between roughness troughs and roughness tops are suggested. We found that the same model for velocity distribution may be applicable to a range of flow conditions and roughness types, which share some common features. The suggested models for velocity distribution in the near-bed region are: (1) Constant velocity; (2) exponential velocity distribution; and (3) linear velocity distribution. The measured velocity distributions may be approximated by a single model or by a combination of models depending on roughness geometry and flow conditions. The validity of these models for velocity distribution is supported by laboratory data.     

High order finite difference methods for unsteady incompressible flows in multi-connected domains

Using the vorticity and stream function variables is an effective way to compute 2-D incompressible flow due to the facts that the incompressibility constraint for the velocity is automatically satisfied, the pressure variable is eliminated, and high order schemes can be efficiently implemented. However, a difficulty arises in a multi-connected computational domain in determining the constants for the stream function on the boundary of the “holes”. This is an especially challenging task for the calculation of unsteady flows, since these constants vary with time to reflect the total fluxes of the flow in each sub-channel. In this paper, we propose an efficient method in a finite difference setting to solve this problem and present some numerical experiments, including an accuracy check of a Taylor vortex-type flow, flow past a non-symmetric square, and flow in a heat exchanger.     

网络等值与互联电网潮流分析

基于互联电网解合环潮流分析的现实需求。开发了一个应用软件。它采用潮流网络等值算法进行电网解合环分析。介绍了该算法的基本思路。并以实际算例阐明其计算精度高。具有普遍应用意义。在等值模式的选择中,通过分析端口模式和局部网络模式的优缺点。认为在可获得较多主网数据的情况下应优先采用局部网络模式。同时还指出。在软件的实现中应注意操作界面的图形化、数据对接的自动化和数据传送的信息化等问题。     

经济评价方法中内部收益率的分析与研究

内部收益率是经济评价中的一项重要指标,反映项目收回投资时间的快慢,可用试差法计算,也可近似等于偿还期的倒数.     

红旗轿车三维分离流动特性

介绍了使用激光片光技术及激光多普勒测速仪对红旗ＣＡ７７４ 轿车尾流的三维分离流的尾迹和速度分布测定的试验研究。研究表明,光学流态显示和数字图象技术相结合,可以有效地揭示汽车的尾流结构,诊断阻力来源。本项研究为建立汽车三维分离流动的动态仿真理论模型提供了依据。     

Techniques for quickly changing fuel gas in continuous annealing furnaces

An increasing number of annealing furnaces have recently been using cheaper and cleaner natural gas(NG)instead of liquefied petroleum gas(LPG)as fuel gas.However,the fuel gas of the furnaces often needs to be changed when NG supply is not adequate or when LPG becomes cheaper.Usually,changing the fuel gas involves changing various equipment as well as control parameters for instruments and the control system and hence is time consuming.Therefore,it is important to develop aquick process for changing fuel gas.This study discusses the techniques for quickly changing fuel gas in an annealing furnace.These techniques deal with the design of the pipe, valve and burner,the selection of the flow meter and the flow control valve,the switch of the software and parameters for the control system,as well as the operation,commissioning and hot test of the furnace when the fuel gas is changed.Using these techniques,it is possible to change fuel gas in6 h.     

三姓二期航道整治工程分流比变化分析

简述了三姓浅滩概况及二期航道整治工程的效果;报工程前后分流比的变化。     

一种新的群排序方法——对信息流动法的改进与完善

用信息论的思想,对信息流动法提出了改进的方法,同时给出了计算程序框图。