固溶处理对Al-1.5Si-1.2Mg-0.6Cu-0.3Mn铝合金组织性能的影响

对汽车车身板用Al-1.5Si-1.2Mg-0.6Cu-0.3Mn铝合金冷轧薄板进行了固溶处理,研究了固溶温度、时间对第二相、晶粒及成形性能的影响规律.结果表明:在500～555℃之间进行固溶处理时,固溶温度升高,基体中残留的第二相数量逐渐减少,而再结晶晶粒尺寸形态变化不大;合金板材的强度和延伸率单调增大,,IE单调减小,n,r15变化不大.1.2 mm厚的冷轧合金薄板在540℃固溶处理时,保温时间需接近30 min才可使其具有良好的成形性,继续延长保温时间至180 min其成形性能变化不大.1.2 mm厚的A1-1.5Si-1.2Mg-0.6Cu-0.3Mn铝合金冷轧薄板合适的固溶处理温度为540℃,保温时间应接近30 min.常规T4状态的6xxx系铝合金薄板直接在汽车厂冲压成形后的烤漆涂装处理并不能起到提高车身构件强度的作用.     

A Machine Learning-Assisted Approach to a Rapid and Reliable Screening for Mechanically Stable Perovskite-Based Materials

The present work is designed to discover new perovskite-based materials, which are expected to show high mechanical stability during their applications, using machine learning (ML) techniques, and based on the Pugh's criterion for distinguishing brittle and ductile behaviors. For this purpose, ML models to predict the moduli of materials, bulk (B) and shear (G), are built using their crystal structure and composition information. The ML process is initiated with the information of 5663 compounds, including composition, crystal structure and moduli, as listed in AFLOW database. Following a procedure of data characteristics, feature generation, feature processing, training, and testing, the ML models are constructed with acceptable accuracy (tenfold cross-validation R² score of 0.90 and 0.89 for B and G, respectively). The validation process of the models, which is conducted using the corresponding density functional theory calculations, reveals that these models are reliable to be employed in a large-scale screening process. Indeed, the B- and G-based ML models are incorporated in a screening process, and this is also conjugated with other screening criterions, to find out thermodynamically stable and formable perovskite-based materials with improved mechanical performance.     

应变速率对增强成形性双相钢性能影响分析

增强成形性双相钢的组织比传统双相钢增加了一定量的残余奥氏体,使其具备了一定的TRIP效应,材料表现出更优的成形性,广泛适用于车身具有复杂造型的安全结构零件.为了研究应变速率对增强成形性双相钢HC440/780DHD+Z力学性能特征和内部组织变化的影响,采用万能试验机和液压伺服高速拉伸试验设备对0.001、0.1、1、1...     

板材成形中的技术革命

提出板材成型技术中存在技术革命。第一次技术革命以板材成形从工场走向工厂为标志;第二次技术革命以实验成形性评定和实验变形分析为标志;第三次技术革命以理论成型性评定及成型CAD/FMS的出现为标志,它是原材料工业迎接材料科学技术革命的一条有效途径。
板材成型成为一个科学领域必然要与板材生产密切结合,这就提出了发展板材系统工程的需要。板材系统工程的基本内容是:（a）板材生产,（b）板材成型,（c）板材冶金过程与板材成形过程的协同。
回顾计算机辅助成型性分析和工艺优化的发展,提出了计算机辅助战形性分析体系、计算机辅助成形工艺优化体系及板材成型学科体系并给出了这三种体系的框图。     

热镀锌IF钢基板的实验研究

研究了不同微合金化元素加入量条件下,无间隙原子(IF)钢的再结晶温度和组织,获得了对实际生产十分有益的微合金元素含量与间隙原子碳、氮间的定量关系式,并着重分析了化学成分、工艺参数对IF钢成型性能的影响,提出了合理的生产工艺参数.     

Numerical/experimental investigations for enhancing the sheet hydroforming process

In this work the authors present some results of their research activity aimed to enhance the sheet hydroforming process. The main focus is the adoption of a movable inferior plate through which the control of the blank forming is realised. Tests on hemitoroidal parts using an innovative equipment with a movable die were carried on at the Institute of Metal Research (Chinese Academy of Sciences) in cooperation with the Aalborg University, putting in evidence main defects and fracture causes. Finite element simulations of the modified hydroforming process using a movable inferior plate were performed at the Centre of Excellence for Mechanical Computation (Polytechnic of Bari), with the aim of evaluating critical strain values and their location, strain paths, load curves and stress maps were analysed. Specimens with proper geometrical shape were designed to avoid possible ruptures and to reduce material thinning in the critical regions.     

Cu 含量对Ti-Cu合金半固态可锻性及锻造后力学性能的影响

通过镦锻试验和模锻实验研究了Ti-Cu系合金半固态锻造行为,并对锻材进行了拉伸试验,讨论了Cu含量对半固态可锻性及力学性能的影响。结果表明：1000 °C至1150°C半固态锻造较常规锻造具有较小的顶锻压力;其中,1000 °C至1050°C间半固态锻造的Ti-Cu系合金均表现出较好的可锻性,在75%的锻造变形量下无明显缺陷。分析认为,Ti-Cu系列合金中含有较多的低熔点Ti2Cu相,随着半固态温度升高或Cu含量的增加,材料中的液相含量增加,增加的液相含量对变形起到润滑作用,减少了固相变形引起的应力集中,有效的降低了变形抗力,改善了成形性。力学性能研究表明：半固态锻造Ti-Cu系合金较常规锻造合金强度升高,塑性降低。随着Cu含量的升高,合金的强度明显提升,塑性降低。分析认为：力学性能的变化主要是由于Ti2Cu相析出含量、形态和分布相关,随着Cu含量和半固态温度的升高,更多Ti2Cu相在晶内和晶界析出,引起析出强化作用,同时,晶界析出的针状Ti2Cu相形成了偏析带,降低了合金塑形。     

Mechanical Characteristics of Superplastic Deformation of AZ31Magnesium Alloy

As the lightest constructional metal on earth, magnesium (and its alloys) offers a great potential for weight reduction in the transportation industry. Many automotive components have been already produced from different magnesium alloys, but they are mainly cast components. Production of magnesium outer body components is still hindered by the material’s inferior ductility at room temperature. Magnesium alloys are usually warm-formed to overcome this problem; however, it was observed that some magnesium alloys exhibits superior ductility and superplastic behavior at higher temperatures. More comprehensive investigation of magnesium’s high temperature behavior is needed for broader utilization of the metal and its alloys. In this work, the high temperature deformation aspects of the AZ31B-H24 commercial magnesium alloy are investigated through a set of uniaxial tensile tests that cover forming temperatures ranging between 23 and 500 °C, and constant true strain rates between 2 × 10⁻⁵ and 2.5 × 10⁻² s⁻¹. The study targets mainly the superplastic behavior of the alloy, by characterizing flow stress, elongation-to-fracture, and strain rate sensitivity under various conditions. In addition, the initial anisotropy is also investigated at different forming temperatures. The results of these and other mechanical and microstructural tests will be used to develop a microstructure-based constitutive model that can capture the superplastic behavior of the material. This article was presented at the AeroMat Conference, International Symposium on Superplasticity and Superplastic Forming (SPF) held in Seattle, WA, June 6–9, 2005.     

合金成分与热处理对6xxx系铝合金力学性能的影响

研究合金成分（Mg,Si,Cu）和热处理（自然时效和预时效）对6xxx系铝合金力学性能的影响。结果表明：合金成分与热处理不仅影响材料的成形性能,而且影响材料的烘烤硬化性能;提高合金中Si含量或Si／Mg比或添加0．3％Cu,可显著提高材料的韧性和成形性能,而预时效将减低材料的韧性和成形性能。对所研究合金的强度、韧性、加工硬化、应变敏感性、成形极限和烘烤硬化性进行了比较和总结。     

Influence of trace Ca addition on texture and stretch formability of AM50 magnesium alloy sheet

The AM50, AM50–0.1Ca, AM50–0.3Ca and AM50–0.5Ca (wt.%) alloys were hot-rolled and their mechanical properties were determined for the purpose of investigating the effect of trace Ca addition on the texture and stretch formability of AM50 alloy. The results show that the addition of trace Ca can effectively modify the basal texture, which is characterized by the split of basal poles deviated from the normal direction (ND) after the hot rolling, while a broad spread of the basal planes toward the transverse direction (TD) after the annealing. Such change of the basal texture is related to the prior formation of massive compression twins and the decrease of the c/a ratio. Erichsen value increases from 2.25 to 4.21 mm with the increase of Ca content. The enhancement of stretch formability is ascribed to the weakened basal texture, which results in the increase of n-value and the decrease of r-value.