Enriched separation of protopanaxatriol ginsenosides,malonyl ginsenosides and protopanaxadiol ginsenosides from Panax ginseng using macroporous resins

This study developed a method for enriched separation of protopanaxatriol ginsenosides, malonyl ginsenosides and protopanaxadiol ginsenosides from Panax ginseng. The method began with targets extraction from herbal material, followed by HPD300 resins separation, then extracted by water-statured n-butanol. In the product achieved, protopanaxatriol ginsenosides were 24.4% pure with 70.9% recovery, malonyl ginsenosides were 33.4% pure with 23.3% recovery, and protopanaxadiol ginsenosides as well as Ro were 31.3% pure with 56.8% recovery. The adsorption test data on HPD300 resins fit the Langmuir model well. Moreover, the pseudo-first-order kinetic model showed the best correlation with the adsorption results. These findings indicate that the combination of HPD300 resin chromatography and water-statured n-butanol extraction effectively separates and enriches ginsenosides from P. ginseng.     

人参总皂甙对缺血性急性肾功能衰竭大鼠肾脏的保护作用1

目的 探讨人参总皂甙对缺血性急性肾功能衰竭肾脏的保护作用。方法 采用钳夹右肾蒂1h再灌注并切除左肾法制备缺血性急性肾功能衰竭大鼠模型,观察再灌注24h后血清BUN、Scr含量,ET-1、NO水平和肾组织病理改变。结果 治疗组大鼠血清BUN、Ser含量与1/R组比较明显下降并有显著差异(P<0.05),与对照组无差异(P>0.05);治疗组血清NO水平与I/R组比较明显提高亦有显著差异(P<0.05);肾组织病理示:治疗组肾小管病变明显轻于I/R组(P<0.01)。结论 人参总 皂甙对缺血性肾功能衰竭肾脏有明显保护作用,其对NO水平的调节可能是这一保护作用的机理之一。     

Profiling the Ginsenosides of Three Ginseng Products by Lc‐Q‐Tof/Ms

Ginseng is a well‐known herbal medicine that has been gaining increasingly popularity as a potential chemopreventive agent. In traditional Chinese medicine practice, white ginseng (WG), red ginseng (RG), and dali ginseng (DG) are 3 different ginseng‐processed products used for different purposes. Although the morphological appearance and some constituents contained in these ginseng products are similar, their pharmacological activities are significantly different due to the varied types and quantity of ginsenosides in each product. In the present study, a practical method based on rapid liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (LC‐Q‐TOF/MS) was developed to identify the chemical profiles of ginsenosides in these 3 ginseng products. The results demonstrated that a total of 55, 53, and 43 compounds were unambiguously assigned or tentatively identified in DG, WG, and RG samples, respectively. The featured compounds are mainly malonyl ginsenosides in WG, and decarboxyl products of mal‐ginsenosides and the dehydrated compounds from polar ginsenosides were characteristic in RG, while DG contain some characteristic components present both in WG and RG. We presume that heating processing is the major factor affecting the chemical profile of ginseng products. The difference of chemical information revealed by LC‐Q‐TOF/MS could be used to discriminate the WG, RG, and DG samples.     

酶法生产稀有人参皂甙及其产物成分的分析

通过实验研究从人参提取人参皂甙 ,用硅胶柱法分离人参二醇类皂甙。酶法改变人参二醇皂甙糖基 ,生产稀有人参皂甙 ,并分离提纯了其酶反应产物。结果表明 :酶反应产物中主要成分为人参皂甙Rh2 ,副产物为人参皂甙Rg3、Rg5、Rh1、Rh3、人参二醇类皂甙元 ;经硅胶柱分离酶解产物得到单体。也探讨了酶法产生各种稀有人参皂甙的机理 ,二醇类皂甙失去第 2 0碳上的糖基时 ,也会失去水分子 :Rh2生成的同时Rh2失去水分子变成Rh3皂甙 ;Rg3生成的同时 ,Rg3失去水分子变成Rg5皂甙     

复方功能制剂对改善小鼠记忆功能的影响

为研究牛磺酸、咖啡因、人参皂甙复方功能制剂在改善记忆方面的功能,选取雄性昆明小鼠40只,随机分为空白对照组、低剂量组、中剂量组和高剂量组。低、中、高剂量组每天分别灌胃给予复方功能制剂41、80和237 mg/kg BW,空白对照组每天灌胃给予同体积的蒸馏水,共灌胃30 d。末次灌胃后次日将4组小鼠按跳台实验、避暗实验、穿梭箱实验、Morris水迷宫实验顺次进行实验,比较组间各项观察指标的差异。研究结果表明,中、高剂量组跳台实验记忆巩固潜伏期显著延长(p<0.05),低、中、高剂量组穿梭实验不同训练周期的主动/被动回避时间、水迷宫实验的对位探查实验均有显著性差异(p<0.05)。提示本复方功能制剂能显著改善小鼠的学习记忆能力,具有改善记忆功能。