基于模型预测方法的电网故障预测

电网诊断通常都是故障发生后,根据故障后产生的信息来推断故障。为了能在故障发生前进行预防,提出模型预测(ModelPrediction,MP)和溯因推理网络(AbductiveReasoningNetwork,ARN)方法预测电网故障。模型预测利用电力系统中历史数据来预测电网无故障运行时的数据,与电网实际运行时的数据作对比,计算差值,差值作为诊断系统的输入;溯因推理网络能够处理预测数据和相应的候选故障之间的复杂关系,被用来构建故障诊断系统。模型预测和溯因推理网络方法相结合,能在保护装置和断路器动作前进行故障定位,具有故障预警功能。仿真结果表明,溯因推理方法构成的预测系统比神经网络方法构成的预测系统诊断结果更快、更准确。     

高性能混凝土板式构件的早期收缩特性及预测模型

以桥面板等高性能混凝土板式构件为研究对象,通过实验测试了板式构件不同截面厚度位置处早期收缩分布情况,探讨混凝土早期收缩变形与温度、湿度发展过程。结果表明,混凝土板式构件的内部厚度方向不同位置处的相对湿度随龄期都呈现逐渐减小趋势,并呈现两阶段特征,同时,混凝土板式构件早期收缩变形厚度方向不同步,导致板式构件表面产生拉应力,当拉应力大于当时混凝土的抗拉强度时,混凝土表面就会出现浅层裂缝,这与实际工程中发现的板式构件表面开裂情况相吻合。混凝土板式构件早期收缩变形与相同配合比混凝土的早期自由收缩变形进行比较,引入相对约束度并建立了混凝土板式构件早期收缩变形的预测模型,并验证了该模型的准确性,其特点是能预测高性能混凝土板式构件不同截面厚度位置的早期收缩变形,对控制混凝土桥梁板式结构的早期收缩裂缝具有实际意义。     

一种极具推广价值的化学肥料-硝酸铵钙

叙述了硝酸铵钙的物化特性、生产工艺并进行了市场分析预测。     

An overview on oxyfuel coal combustion—State of the art research and technology development

Oxyfuel combustion is seen as one of the major options for CO₂ capture for future clean coal technologies. The paper provides an overview on research activities and technology development through a fundamental research underpinning the Australia/Japan Oxyfuel Feasibility Project. Studies on oxyfuel combustion on a pilot-scale furnace and a laboratory scale drop tube furnace are presented and compared with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) predictions. The research has made several contributions to current knowledge, including; comprehensive assessment on oxyfuel combustion in a pilot-scale oxyfuel furnace, modifying the design criterion for an oxy retrofit by matching heat transfer, a new 4-grey gas model which accurately predicts emissivity of the gases in oxy-fired furnaces has been developed for furnace modelling, the first measurements of coal reactivity comparisons in air and oxyfuel at laboratory and pilot-scale; and predictions of observed delays in flame ignition in oxy-firing.     

浅论中水回用

对中水回用作了介绍,井指出其对缓解供水紧张和节约水资源具有重大的意义.     

基于人工神经网络的HDPE流变性能预测与研究

针对影响高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)流变性能各因素之间的非线性关系建立了一个优化后的BP网络,然后通过实验取得样本数据,进而对网络进行训练,用训练合格后的人工神经网络对高密度聚乙烯在不同温度或不同剪切速率下的剪切应力进行预测,并绘制出预测的流动、流变曲线,最后对预测和实际测得的流动、流变曲线进行了比较分析。     

基于神经网络的PP/CaCO3复合材料的力学性能预测

研究利用BP网络建立了对PP/CaCO3复合材料性能进行预测的模型,并在此基础上建立了PP/CaCO3复合材料拉伸强度、冲击强度和复合态结构之间的关系.结果表明,该模型有着较好可信度,与实验现象也有着较好的符合;利用该模型证明了分散相粒子粒间距、EPDM层厚度是影响其材料冲击强度,并决定其脆-韧转变的最重要因素,并证明了EPDM层厚度的临界值大约在0.05μm左右.     

有机化合物物性估算系统软件的开发(Ⅰ)——有机化合物物性的估算

介绍了有机化合物物性估算系统软件的有机物性估算及模型选用,描述了其主要物性的估算模型及输入参数和适用范围。根据当前最新的物性研究成果,系统建立了基础物性数据库,并为大部分物性提供了多种估算模型,以予互相补充。在物性估算过程中,系统将显示出待估算物性的每种估算模型的适用范图、输入参数和估算精度等信息,用户可根据自己的实际情况选择一种或几种模型进行物性估算,迅速得到满意的计算结果。     

非灰系统当量灰吸收系数的反演

提出了一种由气体温度场反向分析计算气体当量灰吸收系数的方法.采用段法（区域法）求解正问题,反演中采用求目标函数极小值的共轭梯度法.以直通式实验炉的测量数据为求解条件,用该计算得到了炉内气体介质当量灰吸收系数的分布.数值模拟结果表明,段法与共轭梯度法结合可以较好地反演非灰系统的当量灰吸收系数.与指数宽带段法模型结果的比较表明,反演得到的当量灰吸收系数具有与指数宽带模型相当的精度,但计算量小于宽带模型的1/10.     

Microstructure and morphology of amine-cured epoxy coatings before and after outdoor exposures—An AFM study

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been used to study the morphology and microstructure of an amine-cured epoxy before and after outdoor exposure. Measurements were made from samples prepared in an essentially CO₂-free, H₂O-free glove box and from samples prepared in ambient conditions. For those prepared in a CO₂-free glove box, AFM imaging was conducted on (1) an unexposed air/coating surface, (2) an unexposed coating bulk, (3) an unexposed coating/substrate interface, and (4) a field exposed air/coating surface. For samples prepared in ambient conditions, only the unexposed air/coating surface was investigated. The same regions of the exposed samples were scanned periodically by the AFM to monitor changes in the surface morphology of the coating as UV exposure progressed. Small angle neutron scattering and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies were performed to verify the microstructure and to follow chemical changes during outdoor exposure, respectively. The results have shown that amine blushing, which occurs only under ambient conditions, had a significant effect on the surface morphology and microstructure of the epoxy. The surface morphology of the samples prepared under CO₂-free, dry conditions was generally smooth and homogeneous. However, the interface and the bulk samples clearly revealed a two-phase structure consisting of bright nodular domains and dark interstitial regions, indicating an inhomogeneous microstructure. Such heterogeneous structure of the bulk was in good agreement with results obtained by small angle neutron scattering of unexposed samples and by AFM phase imaging of the degraded sample surface. The relationship between submicrometer physical changes and molecular chemical degradation is discussed. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.