水力控制棒驱动系统失压工况的实验研究

利用200MW低温核供热堆水力控制棒驱动系统的1：1实验台架模拟系统失压况，进行控制棒步升，步降，开阀落棒及关泵开阀落棒实验，并与正常工况下的提棒，落棒的实验结果进行比较，实验结果表明：在系统失压工况下，控制棒能正常提棒，落棒系统失压工况下的弹棒，系统压力与压力壳压力具有瞬时跟随特性，未出现控制棒弹棒事故，对实验的失压速率和事故分析得到的失压速率进行了比较，验证了系统具有良好的安全性和可靠性。     

水利工程信息管理系统的开发

讨论了水利工程对应用软件的实际需求，并提供了用于开发和维护系统的数据字典，对于系统的诸如菜单和窗口等用户界面单元也作了介绍。     

伺服系统摩擦的改善

通过分析摩擦对伺服系统运动过程的影响 ,总结出其产生的原因 ,并提出应用加速度负反馈可有效地克制低速的跳动问题 ,实践证明行之有效     

液压试验机控制部分的改进

国内许多老式液压材料试验机大都改为计算机控制，但直接用于控制的单片机多数AT89C51／52，并足需要A／D、D／A芯片及存储芯片。存在速度慢、精度低、布置麻烦等缺点。本文探讨把SOC芯片引入其中，目前这样的应用在国内还很少见。     

浅论拱坝坝肩抗震稳定

本文从拱坝震害,分析了拱坝抗震的特点、薄弱部位和坝肩动力失稳的过程,指出了拱坝坝肩抗震稳定分析与边坡稳定分析的不同之处,探讨了失稳安全系数的定义和意义,最后,回顾了基于现行抗震规范要求的刚体极限平衡方法并指出了其局限性,以及“九五”攻关期间所采取的改进措施,提出了更切近实际,能反应拱坝抗震稳定诸特点,从概念和方法上都有别于传统的刚体极根平衡法的新的拱坝坝肩抗震稳定分析方法,以及与之相配套的以坝体为主体的坝肩岩体稳定的工程安全准则。     

土石坝沥青防渗技术的应用和发展

本文介绍了水工沥青混凝土用作土石坝面板和心墙防渗体的历史、结构形式、施工方法和成就。回顾我国水工沥青混凝土应用30多年的经验,就历史上和目前在水工沥青的发展方面存在的问题与疑虑进行探讨,旨在推动水工沥青混凝土在土石坝防渗体建设中的健康发展。     

铅钙合金浇铸系统的机-电-液一体化设计

讨论了铅钙合金浇铸系统机械、液压与电器控制构成、工作原理及设计特点。     

Molecular dynamics studies of atomic-scale tribological characteristics for different sliding systems

A slider-slab sliding model for hard-to-soft and soft-to-soft sliding systems with abrasive and non-abrasive wear conditions is used to investigate atomic-scale friction. The molecular dynamics simulation uses the Morse potential to calculate interatomic forces between atoms. Separation distance between the slider and the slab is changed to simulate repulsive and attractive interactive force fields exerted on interface between two sliding components. Effects of the interaction potential parameters on the sliding friction are investigated. The relationship of frictional force, normal force and temperature rise of the slider and the slab during sliding are established. Comparison of the hard-to-soft and the soft-to-soft sliding system are carried out and shows different tribological phenomena.     

Frictional anisotropy of oriented carbon nanotube surfaces

This report examines highly anisotropic tribological behavior of multi-walled nanotube films oriented in mutually orthogonal directions. The average values of coefficient of friction varied from extremely high values (=0.795) for vertically aligned nanotubes grown on rigid substrates to very low values (=0.090) for nanotubes dispersed flat on the same substrates. The results were insensitive to humidity, in contrast to graphite materials, and indicate that nanotubes could be utilized as both low and high frictional surfaces.     

Atmospheric effects of friction,friction noise and wear with silicon and diamond. Part II. SEM tribometry of silicon in vacuum and hydrogen

Scanning electron microscope (SEM) tribometric data on polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) vs. poly-Si, Si(100) vs. Si(100) and Si(111) vs. Si(111) interfaces, obtained in Torr and in 0.2 Torr partial pressure of hydrogen gas ( ) from room temperature to 850^°C, were performed under standard and much slower thermal ramping rates. The friction data were analyzed per the methodology described in part I of this paper series. The results indicate a highly beneficial friction- and wear-reducing regime within a relatively narrow thermal region. This desirable region coincides with some chemisorption of excited species of molecular hydrogen just before the mass thermal desorption of surface hydrides. These data represent the tribochemical equivalent of a method routinely used in electronics, whereby deep electron traps (dangling Si bonds) are passivated by baking in molecular hydrogen. The also exerts a moderating influence on the size of the friction noise at all test temperatures. However, the general level of friction beyond the beneficial thermal region is high. In parallel, the general wear rate of Si representative of the entire range of standard thermal ramping in both atmospheric environments is in the extremely high 10^-12m³/(N m) range. Operating strictly in the beneficial, low-friction thermal regime resulted in a several orders-of-magnitude reduction in the wear rate over those measured under standard thermal ramping conditions. Although the results confirm previous findings that Si is not a good material of construction for miniaturized moving mechanical assemblies (e.g., microbearings and gears), there seems to be some limited possibility of gas-phase lubrication of Si micromechanisms with rarefied hydrogen at surface temperatures between 100 and 300^°C. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.