Clustering-based topical Web crawling using CFu-tree guided by link-context

Topical Web crawling is an established technique for domain-specific information retrieval. However, almost all the conventional topical Web crawlers focus on building crawlers using different classifiers, which needs a lot of labeled training data that is very difficult to label manually. This paper presents a novel approach called clustering-based topical Web crawling which is utilized to retrieve information on a specific domain based on link-context and does not require any labeled training data. In order to collect domain-specific content units, a novel hierarchical clustering method called bottom-up approach is used to illustrate the process of clustering where a new data structure, a linked list in combination with CFu-tree, is implemented to store cluster label, feature vector and content unit. During clustering, four metrics are presented. First, comparison variation （CV） is defined to judge whether the closest pair of clusters can be merged. Second, cluster impurity （CIP） evaluates the cluster error. Then, the precision and recall of clustering are also presented to evaluate the accuracy and comprehensive degree of the whole clustering process. Link-context extraction technique is used to expand the feature vector of anchor text which improves the clustering accuracy greatly. Experimental results show that the performance of our proposed method overcomes conventional focused Web crawlers both in Harvest rate and Target recall.     

基于改进GMM与帧差法的运动棉杂率分析算法研究

针对清梳棉流程中产出棉含杂高、质量差的问题,结合改进高斯混合模型(Gaussian mixed model,GMM)与帧差法,提出一种局部运动棉杂率控制优化方法。首先针对清棉机除杂原理及棉杂特性进行分析;其次通过提取视频关键帧并改进GMM与帧差法对图像序列“与”运算实现目标的精确提取,进而通过设计GMM分类器获得棉杂率并进行分析;最后与传统的检测算法作对比验证。实验表明,改进后的算法在有效性以及实用性方面优于传统算法。同时,通过引入闭环控制能满足工业高精度、实时性的需求。     

硅胶颗粒中杂质在线识别方法与剔除装置的设计及研究

为了实现硅胶颗粒中杂质的自动剔除，提出杂质识别算法，并设计了自动化的杂质剔除装置。首先通过摄像机实时采集硅胶散料图像，利用Visual C++ 结合OpenCV将图像进行预处理、形态学运算、边缘检测等过程，将杂质识别定位。然后基于RS-232通讯协议实现与单片机通讯，传递杂质的位置信息，控制相应的剔除机构动作，最终实现硅胶与杂质的分离。经验证，本系统能够有效地对杂质的进行识别和剔除，其剔除率达到95%，满足设计要求。本装置采用了“分区域剔除算法”结合“高压气体”的方式进行杂质剔除，具有动作响应快、剔除精度高的优点，有效提高生产效率，降低生产成本。     

洁净钢制备技术的研究现状及发展

介绍了洁净钢制备技术研究现状,包括生产工艺、钢中杂质元素(S、P、O、N、H)的去除和非金属夹杂物的控制,对于洁净钢的未来发展趋势也进行了展望。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱-内标法测定优质石英砂中8种杂质组分

优质石英砂主要成分为SiO₂,其中的杂质直接影响其品质。通常杂质的测定方法如分光光度法和原子吸收光谱法,存在流程长、不能多组分同时测定等问题,难以满足实际检测需求。实验采用氢氟酸、硝酸、高氯酸分解样品,加入In标准溶液作内标,简化实验流程,消除基体效应、仪器漂移及定容体积不准确造成的测定误差,建立了电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)-内标法测定优质石英砂中Al₂O₃、Fe₂O₃、TiO₂、CaO、MgO、K₂O、Na₂O、P₂O₅等8种杂质组分的方法。在各组分校准曲线线性范围内,线性相关系数在0.999 4～1.000 0之间;方法中各组分的检出限为0.000 1%～0.003 8%(质量分数)。按照实验方法测定石英岩标准物质GBW07837中的各待测组分,结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=12)为0.92%～6.6%,测定值和认定值相吻合。采用实验方法对优质...     

超声法检测火药生产中非金属杂质的应用研究

火药生产中非金属杂质带来的安全隐患是一个尚未解决的关键问题;由于超声检测具有适应性强,检测灵敏度高、快捷,无污染,可达到无损检测等特点,选用其作为检测火药生产药料中非金属杂质的方法;对A扫描脉冲反射法应用于检测药料中杂质进行了探索研究,试验结果证实用超声法检测药料中的非金属杂质具有一定可行性.     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定锡铅焊料中11种杂质元素

锡铅焊料中的杂质元素对焊点的抗氧化性、润湿性、扩展面积有重要影响,因此对其进行测定意义重大。采用硝酸、氢氟酸溶解样品,选择H₂动态反应池模式测定Fe,标准模式测定Al、P、Cu、Zn、As、Cd、Ag、Sb、Au、Bi,同时以Sc校正Al、P、Fe、Cu,以Cs校正Zn、As、Ag、Cd,以Tl校正Sb、Au、Bi,实现了电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)对锡铅焊料中这11种杂质元素含量的测定。在优化的实验条件下,11种杂质元素校准曲线的相关系数均大于0.999,方法的检出限在0.002~0.80μg/g范围内,测定下限在0.007~2.73μg/g范围内。用建立的实验方法测定锡铅焊料样品中Al、P、Fe、Cu、Zn、As、Cd、Ag、Sb、Au、Bi,平行测定11次结果的相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.85%~3.5%,加标回收率为90%~110%。将实验方法应用于锡铅焊料标准物质YT9302中Al、Fe、Cu、Zn、As、Sb、Bi共7种杂质元素的测定,结果与认定值一致。     

基于Miedema模型的海绵钛铁杂质来源研究

基于二元Miedema模型和Troop三元拓展模型分别对Mg-Ti、Mg-Fe、Ti-Fe二元系及Mg-Ti-Fe三元系进行了混合焓、吉布斯自由能计算。计算结果表明,在Mg-Ti-Fe三元系中,低镁含量区域具有负值的混合焓和吉布斯自由能,即钛、铁具有较强的结合力。在镁热法海绵钛生产中,钢制反应容器为海绵钛铁杂质的主要来源,当反应容器的铁溶解进入液镁后,铁将优先与钛形成金属间化合物,并最终使其富集于靠近反应容器壁处。     

Combustion of Ti+0.5C and Ti+C mixtures of bulk density in inert gas coflow

The combustion of Ti-C mixtures of bulk density under inert gas blowing conditions produced by evacuation of one end of the reaction cell was studied for the first time. The experiments showed that the tested mixtures in quartz cups were not ignited and did not burn without the inert gas (argon) flow. Increasing the rate of gas evacuation from the sample increased the rate of steady-state combustion of the mixture of titanium with carbon black, and for the mixture of titanium with graphite, stabilization of the flat combustion front was observed. It is shown that the presence of small pressure difference (up to 105 Pa) allows control of the combustion process and confirms the basic postulates of the convective-conductive theory of combustion for heterogeneous condensed systems. __________ Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 45, No. 1, pp. 30–37, January–February, 2009.     

第十九讲——电镀的安全生产与清洁生产(一)

介绍了氯化物镀锌液中硝酸根、铬酸根等阴离子,以及油污、光亮剂分解产物、表面活性剂等有机杂质的影响和去除方法。提出了减少有机杂质积累的若干措施,如坚持添加剂少加勤加的原则,控制好溶液组分(尤其是氯化钾和硼酸)和液温、pH等工艺条件,采用增溶性好的载体,以及研发新型光亮剂。