强化两相混合的超临界技术制备聚乳酸微粒

针对商品化聚乳酸微球粒径分布较宽难于适用气溶胶给药要求的不足,采用水力空化混合强化超临界流体辅助雾化技术(SAA-HCM)制备聚乳酸(PLA)超细微粒.该技术主要特点是通过在超临界流体和液相进料处引入水力空化混合器,强化两相间的混合.考察SAA-HCM过程混合器压力、温度、沉淀器温度、进料中CO2与液体溶液质量流量比和溶液质量浓度等操作参数对微粒形态和粒径分布的影响,成功制备出球形度较好,粒径分布较窄(1～3μm)的PLA微球.经X射线衍射(XRD)分析和差示扫描量热(DSC)分析显示,与原料PLA相比,微球晶型及热曲线变化不大,但结晶度下降.同时把操作参数与相行为进行关联,探讨了影响颗粒形貌的机理.对比超临界流体辅助雾化法(SAA)的实验结果表明:水力空化的引入能有效强化混合器内的两相传质,混合更好,能制备出适用于气溶胶给药要求的超细微粒.     

高速钢表面PN＋PVD复合处理工艺和性能研究

采用多弧离子镀设备,在高速钢W18Cr4V上先进行等离子氮化,再沉积TiN薄膜,研究了不同渗氮温度和时间对PN＋TiN薄膜组织和性能的影响。结果表明,温度为500℃左右和时间为2h以上条件下对W18Cr4V进行渗氮处理后再沉积TiN薄膜,可以得到最佳的薄膜表面显微硬度（1800～2000HV0.05）和膜／基结合力（50N）,涂层耐磨性也得到明显提高。     

频率响应法研究噻吩在CeY分子筛上的吸附行为

以NaY、液相Ce离子交换改性的Y型分子筛(L-CeY)为研究对象,运用N2吸附、XRD、NH3-TPD和Py-FTIR等实验方法表征两种Y型分子筛的物化性能。采用频率响应技术(FR)和智能重量分析仪(IGA)研究噻吩在两种分子筛上的吸附行为,并考察噻吩在稀土离子改性Y型分子筛上的不同吸附作用模式。结果表明,频率响应技术能够有效识别分子筛孔道内发生的不同传质过程。噻吩在NaY分子筛上的吸附行为较为简单,存在孔道吸附和π电子相互作用两种吸附过程;而在L-CeY分子筛上吸附行为较为复杂,同时存在孔道吸附和"S-M"吸附等多种吸附过程,另外,在高温条件下,还存在复杂的催化反应过程。     

民办高校深入开展党的群众路线教育实践活动的探究

民办高校有着与公办高校不同的管理体制和机制,为了更加深入、更加有效地开展党的群众路线教育实践活动,要结合特点和发展的实际,科学制定活动方案、强化针对性,真正解决工作中存在的问题,正确地处理几个共性问题,有效凝聚学校发展的力量,推动中国高等教育事业全面健康可持续发展。     

基于表面反应和扩散迁移控制的灰岩单裂隙渗流—溶解模型及其数值模拟

针对碳酸盐类可溶岩地区水电站坝址流场、化学场以及固相介质属性等随时间发生改变,从而对工程安全运行造成不利影响等问题,研究了灰岩地区地下水运移过程中各物理场间的相互作用,分析了影响灰岩溶解速率的两个因素,即表面反应控制和扩散迁移控制。在此基础上,建立了单裂隙中的渗流—溶解耦合模型,并进行数值求解。模拟结果表明,在垂直裂隙延伸方向,其溶蚀锋面为非齐整平面,而是呈似“虫洞”状非均一变化,而沿裂隙延伸方向即自上游侧向下游方向溶蚀程度逐渐减轻;而通过裂隙的流量呈现随时间逐渐增大的趋势,但变幅不大;根据流量求得的等效水力隙宽,其增幅和增长速率均小于实际平均隙宽;同时,化学场中Ca2+浓度的分布与裂隙开度变化具有相似性,不同时刻下上游侧反应速率R均大于下游侧。就反应机制而言,在初期均受表面反应控制,而随反应进行,位于上游补给区部位转为受扩散迁移控制,但在下游位置仍受表面反应控制。     

铜离子印迹改性壳聚糖海绵的制备及应用研究

以醋酸铜为模板,甲醇、氯仿为溶剂,2-乙烯吡啶、丙烯酰胺为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂,采用本体聚合法制备铜离子印迹聚合物;然后掺入到壳聚糖海绵的制备中,使壳聚糖海绵对铜离子的吸附率由27．1％提高到72．3％。制备的铜离子印迹改性壳聚糖海绵需要2d达到吸附平衡,吸附-解吸5次后,性能稳定。     

Computer-aided thermodynamic study of solid Co---Pd alloys by Knudsen cell mass spectrometry, and calculation of the phase diagram

F.c.c. solid Co---Pd alloys have been investigated thermodynamically by means of computer-aided Knudsen cell mass spectrometry. Thermodynamic evaluation has been performed by applying the “digital intensity ratio” method. The thermodynamic excess properties can be described algebraically by means of thermodynamically adapted power series with two adjustable parameters, i.e. C₁^G (−20 810 + 9.608T) J mol⁻¹) and C₂^G (−30 720 + 6.78T) J mol⁻¹). At 1470 K, f.c.c. solid Co---Pd alloys are characterized by negative molar excess Gibbs energies G^E, exothermic molar heats of mixing (H^E) and small negative molar excess entropies S^E. At 1470 K, the minimum G^E value is −4600 J mol⁻¹ (61.9 at.% Pd), the minimum H^E value is −9400 J mol⁻¹ (59.5 at.% Pd) and the minimum S^E value is −3.3 J mol⁻¹ K⁻¹ (55.9 at.% Pd). The thermodynamic activities of Co show small positive deviations from the ideal case for the Co-rich alloys (x_Pd < 0.34), and negative deviations from Raoults' law for alloys with higher Pd contents. The Pd activities a_Pd show negative deviations from the ideal case for all compositions. The phase diagram has been computed by means of a generally applicable procedure for the calculation of the equilibrium compositions of coexisting phases. This was achieved using the results of this work, thermodynamic data from earlier mass spectrometric studies on the liquid phase, and literature data for the heat capacities and enthalpies of Co and Pd.     

Metallographic sample prepared by ion beam etching

Ion beam etching technique was used to reveal the metallograhpic microstructure and interface morphology of electroplating chromium coating, in particular, whose substrate surface layer was treated in advance by laser quenching. Chemical etchings were also conducted for comparison. The reveal microstructures were observed and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The results show that ion beam etching can reveal well the whole microstructures of composite coating-substrate materials.     

Wear-resistance and anti-scuffing of multi-arc ion plating molybdenum films

The multi-arc ion plating technology was employed to prepare the molybdenum films with thickness of 3 μm on the AISI 1045 steel. The wear and scuffing tests were carried out on the ball-on-disc tester. AFM and SEM equipped with EDS were adopted to observe and analyze the morphologies and element compositions of surface,cross-section and worn scar of the Mo film. The phase structure was studied by XRD and the bonding strength between Mo film and substrate was measured by scratching tester. The tribological experiments show that the Mo film possesses a good wear-resistance and an excellent anti-scuffing property. The failure mechanism of Mo film under extreme condition is flaking off.