网络教学中隐性知识的传授

隐性知识天生的默会性和隐含性使其在教学中难以传授,加上网络教学环境中的教学活动几乎都通过网络媒介实现,师生间以远程间接交流为主,缺少直接面对面沟通机会,所以隐性知识的传授存在更大障碍。如何在网络教学中完成隐性知识的传授,是提高网络教学质量面临的问题之一。     

Knowledge-Based Engineering System and Its Application in Missile Seeker Design

1 Introduction Computer-Aided Design (CAD) systems have been proven to be indispensable tools in many industrial sectors. However, traditional CAD systems are limited to the construction and manipulation of product models; they do not offer decision-making support. The practical use of CAD systems is very labor-intensive. Therefore it is necessary to integrate the various aspects of design process into a unified whole to support automatic product design. Knowledge-Based Engineering (KBE…     

Relationships among team ability composition, team mental models, and team performance.

This study examined the relationship between the similarity and accuracy of team mental models and compared the extent to which each predicted team performance. The relationship between team ability composition and team mental models was also investigated. Eighty-three dyadic teams worked on a complex skill task in a 2-week training protocol. Results indicated that although similarity and accuracy of team mental models were significantly related, accuracy was a stronger predictor of team performance. In addition, team ability was more strongly related to the accuracy than to the similarity of team mental models and accuracy partially mediated the relationship between team ability and team performance, but similarity did not. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Preschool children's mathematical knowledge: The effect of teacher "math talk."

This study examined the relation between the amount of mathematical input in the speech of preschool or day-care teachers and the growth of children's conventional mathematical knowledge over the school year. Three main findings emerged. First, there were marked individual differences in children's conventional mathematical knowledge by 4 years of age that were associated with socioeconomic status. Second, there were dramatic differences in the amount of math-related talk teachers provided. Third, and most important, the amount of teachers' math-related talk was significantly related to the growth of preschoolers' conventional mathematical knowledge over the school year but was unrelated to their math knowledge at the start of the school year. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Déjà vu all over again: Re-revisiting the conceptual status of early word learning: Comment on Smith and Samuelson (2006).

The authors assert that L. B. Smith and L. Samuelson's (2006; see record 2006-20488-029) most recent critique of A. E. Booth, S. R. Waxman, and Y. T. Huang's (2005; see record 2005-05098-004) work missed its mark, deflecting attention from the important theoretical difference between the two sets of authors' positions and focusing instead on imagined differences and minor expositional complaints. The authors' goal in this response is twofold. First, they aim to redirect attention to the 1 clear difference between the 2 theoretical positions regarding word learning, a difference that is focused on the role of conceptual (in conjunction with perceptual) information in word learning. Second, they place L. B. Smith and L. Samuelson's (2006) current critique in the context of previous exchanges. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Children's emotional competence and attentional competence in early elementary school.

The current study examined the relations between two aspects of emotional competence--emotion knowledge and emotion expression, and children's attentional competence during one school year. Participants were 263 first- and second-grade students at two rural elementary schools. A multiple regression analysis showed that emotion knowledge predicted attentional competence while controlling for age, gender, verbal ability, and initial levels of attentional competence. Multiple regression analyses examining predictors of peer nominations of emotion expression showed that attentional competence predicted peer nominations of happiness, sadness, and anger expression, and emotion knowledge predicted peer nominations of anger expression. Potential improvements for prevention programs and the importance of the findings for school personnel are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

Web使用挖掘技术分析

介绍了一种Web挖掘的分类，包括Web内容挖掘、Web结构挖掘和Web使用挖掘。讨论了Web使用挖掘过程的三个步骤，即数据获取与数据预处理、模式发现和模式分析，详细分析了每一个步骤中所使用的技术。指出了目前Web使用挖掘研究存在的不足，给出了Web使用挖掘未来的研究方向。     

多视点中不一致性的处理：一种基于认知逻辑的方法

衡量一个软件系统是否成功,一个基本的要素就是看该软件系统是否满足了用户的要求。软件系统需求工程(RE)就是一个通过标识涉众及其需求并将其文档化以便于进行分析的过程。RE是一个跨学科,以人为中心的过程。多视点需求工程是需求工程的一个分支。多视点需求工程就是希望复杂系统中的不同参与者分别从自己的角度出发对预期系统进行描述,从而形成更完备的需求规约。由于多视点方法的这种特性,导致多个涉众有可能对同一问题进行描述,从而形成重叠的需求。这些重叠的需求就是涉众之间的公共知识,对公共知识的不同解释是导致需求规约中不一致问题的根源。不一致性是多视点需求工程中一个必须解决的问题。本文提出了基于问题域的多视点需求建模框架,并利用认知逻辑对该框架进行解释和推理,希望可以用形式化的方法来发现和解决存在于不同视点间的不一致性。     

近轴支持向量机及其在网络知识更新中的应用

在以往工作的基础上对近轴支持向量机进行了研究,推导了基于高斯核函数的非线性近轴支持向量机的增量式算法。通过仿真实验验证了在网络故障知识更新的应用中,近轴支持向量机的增量式算法比一般支持向量机的增量式算法更加快速有效。     

模糊逻辑技术在医学诊断中的应用研究

介绍了不确定性推理技术中几种主要方法,并分析了各种方法的优缺点。根据目前医学诊断中存在的问题及不同医学诊断的各自特点,设计了基于模糊逻辑的计算机辅助医学诊断系统,主要介绍了其中采用的动态模糊逻辑和加权模糊逻辑相结合的方法。该方法不仅能够帮助医生初步确诊疾病,而且能够分析出引起某种疾病变化的主要原因,从而帮助医生提高业务水平,提高其诊断的速度,减少误诊率。