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61.
E. GLASER 《Journal of microscopy》2005,218(1):1-5
It is well known that the estimation of an object's volume by means of serial cross-sections, the so-called Cavalieri method, yields an unbiased estimate. But by itself it provides no means by which to estimate how precise this estimate is unless the shape of the volume is fully known beforehand. This knowledge can only be partially determined from the serial section information that is collected. Methods have been developed that claim to surmount this difficulty by using the serial section data to create a mathematical model of the volume's shape properties. The model then is used to estimate (predict) the precision of the volume estimate (its CE) from the single set of data available. Unfortunately, the theory underlying the model is flawed and so the model itself amounts to no more than an unsubstantiated guess about the shape of the volume. Therefore, the precision of the volume estimates that one obtains from the method is only as good as the model and this cannot be ascertained from the single set of acquired data. In this letter I explain the inadequacies of the modelling method. I suggest that it be used only with caution, if at all. Instead I suggest two alternative ways to predict the CE, one that is based upon a rule-of-thumb approach to the object's shape, and another that is based upon spectral analysis of the measurement function and that is easy to implement with available computer software. 相似文献
62.
并行程序设计环境MPICH的应用机理分析 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
阐述了在PC集群中运用消息传递接口MPICH(Message Passing Interface and Chameleon)进行并行程序设计的基本方法,并以计算圆周率π值的并行算法程序为例,介绍了MPICH中基本例程的功能和调用方法,并行程序设计的关键技术是如何处理好各个进程之间的通信问题,MPICH采用紧迫协议和约定协议来协调各个进程之间的通信,同时也提供了一些阻塞处理函数和非阻塞处理函数,它们能够使进程充分利用系统资源,大大增加用户编程的灵活性。 相似文献
63.
64.
65.
K.W. Allen S.M. Smith W.C. Wake A.O. van Raalte 《International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives》1985,5(1):23-32
The effect of cyclic stressing on the strength of single lap adhesive joints has been studied and a considerable reduction in strength observed when the maximum stress exceeds about 40% of the ultimate tensile strength, but whether or not a true endurance limit exists is not proven. Fallacies are shown in some of the techniques which have been proposed for studying the fatigue behaviour of adhesive joints. 相似文献
66.
Alexey S. Matveev Andrey V. Savkin 《Mathematics of Control, Signals, and Systems (MCSS)》2002,15(2):120-144
This paper deals with qualitative analysis of the so-called switched fluid networks. Such networks are used to model communication,
computer, and flexible manufacturing systems. We prove that for any deterministic network from a specific class, there exists
a finite number of limit cycles attracting all the trajectories of the system. Furthermore, we determine this number.
Date received: March 11, 2000. Date revised: January 19, 2001. 相似文献
67.
68.
A. V. Lyamin S. W. Sloan 《International journal for numerical methods in engineering》2002,55(5):573-611
This paper describes a new formulation, based on linear finite elements and non‐linear programming, for computing rigorous lower bounds in 1, 2 and 3 dimensions. The resulting optimization problem is typically very large and highly sparse and is solved using a fast quasi‐Newton method whose iteration count is largely independent of the mesh refinement. For two‐dimensional applications, the new formulation is shown to be vastly superior to an equivalent formulation that is based on a linearized yield surface and linear programming. Although it has been developed primarily for geotechnical applications, the method can be used for a wide range of plasticity problems including those with inhomogeneous materials, complex loading, and complicated geometry. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
69.
普通的最小平方反褶积只有在子波为最小相位脉冲和反射序列为白噪声的假设下才是成立的,而对于混合相位未知脉冲来说,这种最小平方反褶积就不再适用了。本文提出一种适合于有限长度混合相位未知脉冲的最小平方反褶积方法。运用此法只需预先估计一个混合相位子波的长度。合成数据的试验结果表明,该方法有较好的效果,且对预先估计出的子波长度不敏感。文中还证明混合相位未知脉冲最小平方反褶积等效于一种有间隙的平滑误差滤波器的作用,而这种有间隙的平滑误差滤波又可分解为一个前向多步预测误差滤波与一个后向多步预测误差滤波之和。可以预计这种新的反滤积方法将在地震数据处理中得到有效的应用。 相似文献
70.
An incremental iterative process based on direct energy minimization is presented for a limit analysis of nonlinear elastic lateral displacements and twists of reinforced and prestressed beams. Problems encountered with the constitutive relations are discussed and two possible material models are presented. 相似文献