分形理论在流体机械运行稳定性监测中的应用

基于分形理论，提出了流体机械轴心轨迹稳定性的定量评价指标。实际应用表明，该指标较好地反映了转子运行稳定性的实际状况，为流体机械稳定性的定量监测提供了有效的手段。     

电磁流变液流变特性测试技术的研究进展

电流变液和磁流变液由于其良好的可控性能和力学性能而在工程上具有广阔的应用前景。电流变液和磁流变液流变特性的测试是电流变技术和磁流变技术的一个重要方面。简要介绍了电流变液和磁流变液及其流变特性测试的主要参数，阐述了各种测试方法的原理及其测试仪器和试验装置，分析了各种测试方法的优缺点，探讨了测试技术中存在的一些问题。     

Si_3N_4陶瓷高效有机磨削液的性能评价和机理分析

选择了三组有机物作为主要成分,制备用于磨削Si_3N_4陶瓷的高效有机磨削液,通过在自行研制的磨削机构上进行磨削效率实睑,发现这几种有机磨削液的磨削性能均优于普通磨削液,磨削效率最低可提高1．37倍,其中油酸和油醇可达到2倍以上。通过红外光谱时液固界面进行界面物质结构分析,发现常温下陶瓷和含—OOH和—OH有机物的磨削液之间的液固界面存在异常振峰,该振峰的出现是缘于有机物分子与Si_3N_4陶瓷发生氢键的吸附效应,此效应在磨削高温状态下衍变为摩擦化学反应,生成物不但降低了表面硬度,而且改善了润滑效果,从而提高了磨削效率和表面质量。     

Study on damping properties of magnetorheological damper

To research the properties of a new kind of smart controllable MR (magnetorheological) fluid, in this paper, the rheological models are discussed. On the basis of analyzing the structural forms of MR dampers, an improved structure of the MR damper is introduced; the properties of the novel MR damper are then tested. The experimental results reveal that the Herschel-Bulkley model predicts the force-velocity well; the damping properties of the ameliorated structure of the MR damper have improved; when the excitation is a trigonal signal, the MR damper reveals a thinning effect at high velocity; and when the excitation is a sinusoidal signal, the MR damper reveals a nonlinear hysteretic property between the damping force and relative velocity. Finally, the main unsolved problems have been put forward. __________ Translated from Ningxia Engineering Technology, 2005, 24 (4) (in Chinese)     

磁流变液半主动悬挂系统动力学模拟系统研究

基于磁流变液构造出的半主动悬挂系统,可以用于对车辆振动的实时控制,半主动悬挂系统模拟试验台是实行实车动力学分析进而实现上述目标的基础性设备.按照相似定理,进行履带车辆磁流变液半主动悬挂系统动力学模拟实验的台架设计,实现动力学模拟;结合履带车辆行驶的典型越野路面,提出一种路面激励输入设计方案;叙述了阻尼系数的确定,包含动力学分析和试验台参数选取.对整个动力学模拟系统的构建进行了全面的分析和设计.     

切削液油雾形成机制及影响因素的实验研究

对切削液油雾产生的机制进行理论分析,并对切削液油雾形成的影响因素进行实验研究。实验在密闭的车床内进行,利用车床的供液系统采用浇注式供给磨削液,在油雾产生密集区域内安装有磨削液雾滴粒径的测量装置,该装置中的共聚焦显微镜可观察切削液雾滴在空气中的分布,精确扫描单颗雾滴的形态轮廓,通过计算机可计算出雾滴的分布和直径尺寸。分别控制主轴转速和切削液流量,探究对所形成的油雾浓度和平均直径的影响。实验结果表明:金属加工过程中主轴转速和切削液流量对切削液油雾特性的影响显著,随着主轴转速的增加,油雾的平均直径减小,而油雾浓度却呈上升趋势;随着切削液流量的增加,油雾的平均直径变大,并且油雾浓度同样呈上升趋势。     

两相掺混技术及其在燃气轮机中的应用

多相流是研究不同相态或不同组分的物质同时存在并具有明确分界面时的流体流动及其热、质传输过程规律的科学,两相掺混是多相流形成的起始阶段,其研究尤为重要。重点研究了两相掺混技术中的气气掺混、气液掺混两个方面,提出了掺混机理,分析了掺混过程,并对其在燃气轮机装备中的应用进行了初步探讨。     

潜射模拟弹筒口压力场仿真

基于含相变VOF模型和动网格技术并采用三维对称模型对潜射模拟弹筒口压力场特性进行了仿真分析,获取了3种不同出口速度条件下的筒口气泡脉动规律、作用在筒盖上的压强变化特性以及筒盖上的受载力矩时程,对比分析了水的可压缩性和工质气体初温对筒盖受载以及受载脉动脉宽的影响。结果表明,仿真与测试数据吻合较好,工质气体的初始温度对筒盖受载脉宽影响较大,水的可压缩性对仿真结果也有不容忽视的影响。可为筒盖系统受载分析以及筒盖系统设计提供参考。     

孔口倾斜角对合成射流控制翼型流动分离的影响

通过商用计算流体力学软件Fluent 6.1求解Reynolds平均Navier- Stokes方程,研究了孔口倾斜角对合成射流激励器处于NACA0015翼型回流区时（20°攻角）控制分离剪切层的影响。结果表明：在孔口倾斜角为309时,即吹气方向顺流向贴近壁面时,合成射流激励器控制翼型背风区分离剪切层的能力增加,合成射流对翼型的控制达到最佳效果;升力系数较垂直射流控制时增加5%,而阻力系数降低15%．通过对翼型气动力特性、脱落漩涡结构以及射流孔口附近流动结构的分析,揭示了小的孔口倾斜角下控制效果提升的内在机制。     

A feasibility assessment of the use of nanofluids to enhance the in-vessel retention capability in light-water reactors

Nanofluids, colloidal dispersions of nanoparticles, exhibit a substantially higher critical heat flux (CHF) compared to water. As such, they could be used to enhance the in-vessel retention (IVR) capability in the severe accident management strategy implemented by certain light-water reactors. It is envisioned that, at normal operating conditions, the nanofluid would be stored in dedicated storage tanks, which, upon actuation, would discharge into the reactor cavity through injection lines. The design of the injection system was explored with risk-informed analyses and computational fluid dynamics. It was determined that the system has a reasonably low failure probability, and that, once injected, the nanofluid would be delivered effectively to the reactor vessel surface within seconds. It was also shown analytically that the increase in decay power removal through the vessel using a nanofluid is about 40%, which could be exploited to provide a higher IVR safety margin or, for a given margin, to enable IVR at higher core power. Finally, the colloidal stability of a candidate alumina-based nanofluid in an IVR environment was experimentally investigated, and it was found that this nanofluid would be stable against dilution, exposure to gamma radiation, and mixing with boric acid and lithium hydroxide, but not tri-sodium phosphate.