熔渣中饱和相组元作用浓度的计算

在炉渣结构共存理论的基础上,讨论了当溶渣中出现某组元饱和时的作用浓度计算.研究发现,实测的活度值与计算的作用浓度值之间存在明显的分配关系.考虑此分配比后,可使得计算的作用浓度值和实测的活度值相一致.文中分别讨论了CaO-SiO₂、MnO-SiO₂和MgO-SiO₂渣系的分配比,进而推导了lgL-1/T和析出自由能△G°-T的关系式.     

复振型叠加方法合理振型数量的确定

针对适用于非经典阻尼体系的复振型叠加方法,基于理论推导,得到了评价振型贡献程度的复振型质量参与系数,并给出了两种等效的表达形式,可作为评估非经典阻尼系统所需振型数量的一种方法。同时,根据复振型退化为实振型的条件(即实部与虚部成比例关系),论证了实、复振型质量参与系数法的统一性。实、复振型质量参与系数基于相同的原理和假定,具有相同的物理意义,易于工程设计人员掌握和使用。采用典型的减隔震系统数值算例和安装黏滞阻尼器的9层钢结构Benchmark模型对复振型质量参与系数方法进行了验证,结果表明该方法能够有效估计所需振型数量。但是由于实、复振型质量参与系数法是基于基底剪力推导而得到,当用于评估加速度响应所需振型时,其数量往往偏小。     

氮在渣-钢间传质系数的测定

使用Al₂O₃坩埚在真空感应炉内测定了1600℃时氮在含C还原渣和钢液之间的总传质系数β_o.研究表明,β_o与气相中氮分压P_N2的大小有关,随着P_N2的增加β_o增大.由物料平衡计算得出,在本实验条件下,β_o为3.7×10^-4 cm/S.     

Intermediate mass dilepton production during the chemical equilibration of quark gluon plasma

The production of dileptons from the chemically equilibrating quark gluon plasma in the intermediate mass region has been studied.Comparing with the calcuated results based on the thermodynamic equilibrium system of quark gluon plasma,it has been found that the quark phase of the chemically equilibrating system gives rise to an even larger enhancement of the dileptons production.Therefore.such an enhancement of dilepton production may signal the formation of quark gluon plasma.     

MW级空间核反应堆系统热管式辐射散热器分析及优化

空间核反应堆是空间核电源和核推进的研究基础,大功率核反应堆的体积和质量一直是限制航空航天设计的重要因素。针对这一问题,本文对MW级空间核反应堆系统热管式辐射散热器进行建模和分析,建立热管式辐射散热器的热阻模型,利用穷举法和遗传算法在给定工况下探讨裸碳纤维翅片长度L_f和厚度δ_f、冷却剂质量流量m、辐射散热器入口温度T_f1对散热器质量M的影响。结果表明,当T_f1=800 K、L_f=5 cm、δ_f=0.16 mm、m=9 kg/s时,M达到最优,为906.593 kg,优化了0.63%的系统质量。     

水平衡法与高温转化法在矿泉水氢氧稳定同位素测定中的应用

为了鉴别不同品牌矿泉水标注水源地信息真伪,对11种不同品牌饮用水的氢氧稳定同位素(δD和δ¹⁸O)进行测定。结果表明,水平衡法(GasBench-IRMS)和高温转化法(TC/EA-IRMS)的测定结果一致性较好,两种方法测定6种不同饮用水的δD和δ¹⁸O的平均差异分别为(0.6±1.59)‰和(0.02±0.13)‰。水平衡法需要较长的制备和测定时间,但δD和δ¹⁸O的测定精度明显优于高温转化法。11种饮用水δD和δ¹⁸O变化范围较大,其δD和δ¹⁸O受不同品牌饮用水的水源地降水影响形成明显的地域性。虽然无法区分矿泉水是否由其他类别饮用水伪造,但δD和δ¹⁸O可以为特定区域(如高海拔与沿海地区)以及产地相近的矿泉水水源地鉴别提供依据。     

多热源合成SiC传热规律

对多热源合成SiC冶炼炉的温度场进行了数值模拟,研究了冶炼炉内的温度分布、热流强度以及温度梯度的动态变化规律,揭示了多热源合成SiC的传热传质规律.研究表明, 由于多热源之间的屏蔽作用与热能叠加作用,导致多热源合成SiC技术比Acheson单热源炉的单炉产量提高48.1%,特、一级品率提高30%,节能10%以上,并且杜绝了单热源生产中频繁喷炉事故,使生产更安全.     

Native Liquid Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry to Structurally and Functionally Characterize Endo-Xylanase Proteoforms

Xylanases are of great value in various industries, including paper, food, and biorefinery. Due to their biotechnological production, these enzymes can contain a variety of post-translational modifications, which may have a profound effect on protein function. Understanding the structure–function relationship can guide the development of products with optimal performance. We have developed a workflow for the structural and functional characterization of an endo-1,4-β-xylanase (ENDO-I) produced by Aspergillus niger with and without applying thermal stress. This workflow relies on orthogonal native separation techniques to resolve proteoforms. Mass spectrometry and activity assays of separated proteoforms permitted the establishment of structure–function relationships. The separation conditions were focus on balancing efficient separation and protein functionality. We employed size exclusion chromatography (SEC) to separate ENDO-I from other co-expressed proteins. Charge variants were investigated with ion exchange chromatography (IEX) and revealed the presence of low abundant glycated variants in the temperature-stressed material. To obtain better insights into the effect on glycation on function, we enriched for these species using boronate affinity chromatography (BAC). The activity measurements showed lower activity of glycated species compared to the non-modified enzyme. Altogether, this workflow allowed in-depth structural and functional characterization of ENDO-I proteoforms.     

锅炉热力计算模型及方法研究

为保证锅炉热力计算模型和算法的通用性,用网络结构方法定义了其数学模型,采用过程系统的序贯模块法作为基本算法。在此基础上讨论了系统总体控制、能量质量平衡、减温器喷水量和锅筒产汽量等的算法。所提出的模型与算法,能够适应各种炉种和任意受热面排列的锅炉热力计算。     

Dried Blood Spots as Matrix for Evaluation of Valproate Levels and the Immediate and Delayed Metabolomic Changes Induced by Single Valproate Dose Treatment

The immediate and delayed metabolic changes in rats treated with valproate (VPA), a drug used for the treatment of epilepsy, were profiled. An established approach using dried blood spots (DBS) as sample matrices for gas chromatography/mass spectrometry-based metabolomics profiling was modified using double solvents in the extraction of analytes. With the modified method, some of the previously undetectable metabolites were recovered and subtle differences in the metabolic changes upon exposure to a single dose of VPA between males and female rats were identified. In male rats, changes in 2-hydroxybutyric acid, pipecolic acid, tetratriacontane and stearic acid were found between the control and treatment groups at various time points from 2.5 h up to 24 h. In contrast, such differences were not observed in female rats, which could be caused by the vast inter-individual variations in metabolite levels within the female group. Based on the measured DBS drug concentrations, clearance and apparent volume of distribution of VPA were estimated and the values were found to be comparable to those estimated previously from full blood drug concentrations. The current study indicated that DBS is a powerful tool to monitor drug levels and metabolic changes in response to drug treatment.