High hydrostatic pressure inactivation of Lactobacillus viridescens and its effects on ultrastructure of cells

The effect of high hydrostatic pressure treatment on Lactobacillus viridescens, a major spoilage micro-organism of processed meat, was investigated. When pressure was applied at 400, 500 and 600 MPa for 5 min, cell survival in MRS broth was reduced approximately by 2, 7 and 8 log cycles, respectively. The combination of high pressure and temperature increase showed synergistic effects on microbial inactivation. Empty cavities in the cell and DNA denaturation were observed after pressure treatment above 400 MPa. The level of microbial inactivation when Lb. viridescens was pressured in protein-fortified MRS broth and ham were less than half compared with the inactivation achieved in peptone water. Increasing the temperature during high-pressure treatment solved these adverse effects in the ham.     

中国加工食品安全现状研究——基于国家质检总局2009~2012年抽查数据分析

基于国家质检总局网站上公布的2009~2012年16039个产品抽检结果的研究表明,我国加工食品监督抽查合格率从2009年的91.1%上升至2012年的95.6%:抽查结果中1024种不合格加工食品的生产企业分布在全国30个省直辖市自治区,排名前三的地区为广东、山东、河北;理化指标不合格、微生物指标不合格、超范围使用食品添加剂和化学污染物超标是我国加工食品存在的主要问题。通过分析发现,我国加工食品整体抽查合格率仍不高,抽检中不合格加工食品来自经济较发达地区的情况较多,食用油、调味品、膨化食品、豆制品等食品类别不合格率较高,造成我国加工食品不合格的主要食品安全问题是化学性有害因素,其次是生物性有害因素。     

乳化盐对涂抹型再制干酪质地的影响

乳化盐对涂抹型再制干酪质地的控制具有重要的作用，本研究结合质构分析、扫电镜观察等技术手段研究了5种不同的乳化盐及其添加量对涂抹型再制干酪质地的影响。结果表明，乳化盐的种类和添加量的不同对产品的质地均有显著的影响。乳化盐主要是通过提高pH值和钙螯合能力来增加产品中酪蛋白的乳化能力，从而使脂肪球均匀的分散在酪蛋白的网络结构中。     

再制干酪的技术难点

阐述了重制干酪结构形成的原理。主要是天然干酪的稳定结构被加热和搅拌破坏，而乳化盐中的Na^ 和酪蛋白的Ca^ 进行离子交换，从而增加酪蛋白的水合性，提高脂肪的乳化稳定性，经过熔融和冷却，混料中的蛋白、脂肪和水形成一个稳定的新结构。在阐明原理的基础上分析了配方和工艺方面的关键参数，包括混料中的酪蛋白含量，混料中的乳化盐，混料的水分含量和pH值，熔融温度、熔融时间、搅拌强度、脱气程度和冷却程度。     

应用线性规划方法优化再制干酪配方的研究

对涂抹型再制干酪建立配方优化的线性规划模型,着重研究了各个原料添加量的约束方程以及终产品的水分和脂肪质量分数约束方程的建立。利用LINGO软件进行线性规划计算,得到最低成本为35.26元(每1 000 g),配方为水分250.00 g,脱脂乳粉50.00 g,乳清粉106.20 g,奶油50.00 g,淀粉123.04 g,凝块420.76 g。     

乙醇处理对最小加工西兰花生理和品质的影响

最小加工西兰花用6mL/kg的乙醇处理5h后,对其10℃贮藏期间的生理和品质研究表明,乙醇处理能显著降低贮藏期间最小加工西兰花的失重,延缓叶绿素和蛋白质含量的下降,在一定程度上调节POD、CAT和SOD酶活性,抑制乙烯释放量和呼吸速率,有利于延缓切割西兰花的衰老和延长其货架期。     

辐照技术在猪肉加工制品中的应用

详细阐述了辐照技术对猪肉加工制品的感官和成品中的蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物等成分的影响.并对辐照技术在猪肉加工制品中,延长保存期和安全性等关键作用方面做了论述.用10kGy以下辐照剂量处理过的食品,其风味、色泽,内部的蛋白质、脂肪和维生素等基本保持稳定,同时可以有效地延长猪肉加工制品的保存期.     

菊花的营养成分、加工制品及香气成分研究进展

菊花作为我国十大名花之一,其中含有许多有益于人体的生物活性成分,可将菊花加工成多种含有保健效果的食品,市场发展前景十分广阔。就菊花含有的主要营养、功能性成分、香气成分进行综述,并对菊花食品的深加工进行总结,为今后高营养附加值、优质风味菊花食品的综合开发提供一定的参考。     

Nanoemulsion as advanced edible coatings to preserve the quality of fresh-cut fruits and vegetables: a review

The increasing consumer's demand regarding the healthy diet has promoted the research towards novel approaches for preserving minimally processed fruits and vegetables without the necessity of using preservatives. Emulsion-based edible coatings technology is considered a valuable alternative to improve fresh-cut fruit and vegetable quality. This review discusses some recent advances for the preservation of the quality and safety of fresh-cut fruits and vegetables with respect to the use of nanoemulsion-based edible coatings as carrier of functional compounds such as antimicrobial agents, antioxidants and texture enhancers. It focuses especially on the use of natural functional compounds in food preservation as an alternative to synthetic additives. Moreover, the preparation and characterisation of nanoemulsion are also reviewed.     

Enzymatic Browning Control in Minimally Processed Mushrooms

Treatments to control discoloration of minimally processed mushrooms were investigated. Whole or sliced mushrooms were immersed in browning inhibitor solutions and evaluated for color change during storage. Browning was more intense in first break mushrooms than in second, and in unwashed mushrooms compared to washed. However, washing sometimes induced purple discolorations, associated with bacterial lesions. Other discolorations were induced by hypochlorite, 4-hexylresor-cinol, and acidic dips. The most effective treatment was a combination of sodium erythorbate, cysteine, and EDTA at pH 5.5. Addition of preservatives to browning inhibitor dips did not improve storage life. However, dipping in 5% hydrogen peroxide prior to application of browning inhibitors significantly increased shelf-life.