Time–frequency higher‐order spectra with adjustment to the instantaneous frequency variation

Novel time–frequency techniques are proposed: the short time instantaneous higher‐order spectra (HOS) with adjustment to measured or known a priori time variation of the instantaneous frequency of transient signals. It is shown that the proposed transforms are more effective than the non‐instantaneous HOS (i.e. without adjustment to time variation of the instantaneous frequency) in recognizing a non‐stationary nonlinearity. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

声学综合无损检测技术

论述了检测复合材料和胶接结构不连续（缺陷）的新型多模综合无损检测技术。该技术以声与超声检测技术为基础,包含五种不同检测模式,用以检测复合材料与胶接结构的失粘、脱粘、分层、疏松、夹芯压皱及其他缺陷。它适用于复合材料与构件的制造、维修和使用现场。它的适用对象范围广泛,几乎覆盖了现有常用的复合材料和胶接结构。它的检测可靠性高,重复精度好。文章还讨论了组成多膜声学综合胶接检测仪的五种不同检测模式的原理,并从我们和国内外同行的大量实践经验出发,说明了综合无损检测技术的巨大发展前景。     

Joint evolutionary spectrum and autoregressive‐based approach to modeling non‐stationary flat fading channels

Modeling of wireless channels, especially non‐stationary fading channels, is important for design and performance analysis of wireless communication systems. Recently, we proposed a new approach to modeling non‐stationary fading channels, based on the theory of evolutionary spectrum (ES). In this paper, we develop a time‐varying autoregressive (AR) model for a non‐stationary flat fading channel; specifically, we develop a method to determine the time‐varying coefficients of the AR channel model, given the ES of a non‐stationary process. Furthermore, with the ES theory, we develop a trace‐driven time‐varying AR channel simulator to generate a non‐stationary flat fading process. Simulation results show that the ES of the channel gain process produced by our joint ES‐and‐AR‐based channel model agrees well with the user‐specified ES, indicating the accuracy of our joint ES‐and‐AR‐based channel model. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Fast locking,startup-circuit free,low area, 32-phase analog DLL

This work presents 32-phase analog delay-locked-loop (DLL) having fast locking ability, startup-circuit free operation, and a low area with improved DNL-INL performance. The proposed faster delay-cell and the new bias-circuit enable startup-circuit free operation under process-voltage-temperature (PVT) variation, while the DLL achieves low area and faster locking by using a small filter capacitor. Again, input and output clocks pass through the respective CMOS buffer before the phase detector (PD) for load matching, which reduces DNL-INL in the DLL. The analog DLL locks in less than 54 or 56 clock cycles depending upon initial control voltage (supply or ground voltage) with 100 MHz input clock. The DLL generates 32-phase clocks with a bin-size of 312.5 ps, the peak-to-peak period jitter of 9.51 ps, the rms period jitter of 1.36 ps, the phase-offset error of 4.72 ps, DNL and INL less than ±0.11 LSB. The design consumes 3.54 mW power with a supply voltage of 3.3 V, and an area of 0.017 mm² in UMC 180 nm MMRF technology. ^© 2001 Elsevier Science. All rights reserved     

用多层Monte—Carlo模型研究脑部光学无损的问题

利用近红外光对人脑进行无损检测有良好的应用前景。然后脑部客观存在的多层结构使人位对从较深部位提取有用信息产生疑问。本文利用Ｍｏｎｔｅ－Ｃａｒｌｏ方法对人头部建立了光传播的多层模型,对光在头部的传播模式和脑部结构对提取深部信息的影响得出了一些结果,本文结果表明,由于脑脊液透明层的存在,使近红光在头部能够探测较深部位珠生理参数变化但难于获得较好的空间分辨能力。     

基于TDLAS的非均匀流场温度分布的测量

基于可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱（TDLAS）温度测量技术,使用多条谱线能够实现非均匀流场的气体温度分布的测量,主要有剖面拟合和温度离散两种方法。对剖面拟合方法进行理论分析和仿真,并且假设电炉上方0.5 cm处的温度分布为二次函数ax2+bx+c,采用剖面拟合方法进行测量,与热电偶测量的温度进行对比,温度最大波动为49 K。     

基于余弦距离的多目标粒子群优化算法

针对粒子群优化算法具有的个体分布不均匀以及重复个体较多等缺陷,提出了一种基于余弦距离的多目标粒子群优化算法,该算法根据外部精英存储策略,利用余弦距离排挤机制来选取最分散的粒子,扩大 Pareto最优解集的收敛性和多样性,增强算法的全局寻优能力。通过采用标准多目标优化问题ZDTl～ZDT3进行仿真实验与粒子群算法、混沌粒子群算法、基于拥挤距离的多目标优化算法对比表明,该算法在Pareto前沿的收敛性和多样性方面均优于基于拥挤距离排挤机制,并具有较高的效率     

提高两点温度定标法精度的焦平面非均匀性校准技术研究

凝视红外成像系统中的探测器非均匀性校准(降低固有空间噪声)技术是一项处在探索过程中的关键技术.目前实用性较好的两点温度定标法的校准系数精度受读出噪声、信号动态范围、模数转换字长和运算噪声的限制,很难使焦平面探测器的空间残留噪声达到应有的精度.文中探索了一种二次参数补偿的两点温度定标方案,由基本公式得到的校准参数值,再依据现实信号动态范围进行实时精度补偿,使之更加接近于理论计算值,从而使非均匀性校准的系数精度得到较大幅度提高.这一方案可在不改变图像处理机硬件开销和软件运行负担的前提下完成对两点温度定标法精度的补偿.计算机仿真实验结果证明了该方法的有效性,可降低残留空间噪声50%以上.     

LabVIEW在特种电机教学实验平台中的应用

本文介绍了“电机学”教学实验平台组成和工作原理,分析了基于LabVIEW的测试平台的设计方法。我们利用该平台对波形分析、空载特性测试模块分别进行对比测试实验,结果表明测试平台软件具有较高的测试精度和实用性。将其应用于实验课程教学中,可以比对并验证手动测试实验结果,同时还大大提高实验的效率。     

黎河河道演变的数学模型——天然河道用作输水通道后的演变

天然条件下的山前性河流黎河被用作引滦入津的输水河道，来水条件的巨变和大量工程引起的河床调整，为研究这一调整我们建立了具有如下特点的数学模型：1、考虑了自上而下床沙粒径的巨大变化；2、反映了卵石夹沙河床宽级配的输沙特点以及清水冲刷时的粗化过程；3、模拟了粘性土河床的冲刷特性；4、考虑了跌水坎的不规则断面宽顶堰的过流特点以及有工程措施和人为干扰下的河床演变特点。本文介绍了上述数学模型的主要内容，这对于其它跨流域引水工程和河道治理工程有参考价值。