活塞式液体流量标准装置体积校准方法的探讨

对活塞式液体流量标准装置体积校准方法进行了研究,基于理想圆柱体模型建立了活塞装置体积模型,引入修正系数对所建立的体积模型进行修正,并利用质量守恒定律提出采用质量法对活塞装置进行体积校准.对修正系数进行赋值分析和不确定度评定,结果表明5L及以上体积的扩展不确定度优于0.05％.该方法操作简便,可控性好,结果准确可靠.     

Tensile Strength Evolution and Damage Mechanisms of Al–Si Piston Alloy at Different Temperatures

The Al–Si piston alloys always bear different temperatures because of its peculiar component structure and service condition. Therefore, the tensile strength, elongation to fracture, and corresponding damage mechanisms of Al12SiCuNiMg piston alloys (ASPA) have been investigated with in situ technique at different temperatures. The tensile properties show two‐stage tendencies: the former stage (25–280 °C) is determined by easily broken phases with inherent brittleness (such as primary Si), and the fracture behavior presents rapid brittle fracture after reaching the critical stress (about 430 MPa, based on in situ technique and the elastic stress field model). The later one (280–425 °C) is dominated by particles debonding and θphase coarsening. The plastic deformation behavior, dynamic recovery, and flow process become more significant on account of thermal activation. The Considère criterion h = K indicates that the transition of damage behaviors from insufficient local strength to insufficient matrix strength and the corresponding failure model shifts from brittle to ductile fracture. Based on the damage mechanisms, the elastic field model and thermal activation relation model have been established to characterize the strength of the ASPA at different temperature ranges.

     

可伸缩复合材料悬臂梁的非线性动力学建模及分析

首先,根据Reddy给出的考虑高阶剪切效应的层合理论,气动弹性活塞理论,利用Hamilton原理,对考虑采用基于活塞理论的一阶非线性气动力和面内参数激励的联合作用下的轴向可伸缩复合材料悬臂梁进行非线性动力学进行建模,得到其偏微分动力学控制方程.然后对控制方程无量纲化,利用Galerkin方法对控制方程进行了截断,得到三个可反映可伸缩悬臂梁横向振动的无量纲形式的常微分非线性动力学方程,只要选取适合的复合材料及其相关参数,使用数值方法就对模型在外伸和回收过程中的相关振动特性进行了分析.     

Buoyancy engine developed for underwater gliders

A buoyancy engine with a swashplate-type axial piston pump was developed. Its oil extrusion and drawing properties under high hydraulic pressure were evaluated. This buoyancy engine is now installed in an underwater glider that will achieve long-term monitoring of ocean environments up to 2100 m depth in a designated area with lower operational costs. This bidirectionally functioning pump can control the amount of oil in extrusion and draw operations. When drawing oil under high pressure, the hydraulic pump and the electric motor, respectively, act as a hydraulic motor and an electric generator. The generated electric power is absorbed by a damping resistor. The oil-drawing and extrusion properties were measured using a large hyperbaric chamber that is able to produce an almost identical environment to that of actual operations. Results confirmed stable oil extrusion operations up to 21 MPa. Regarding oil-drawing properties, although it was measured only up to 10 MPa in the hyperbaric chamber, it can be inferred that the system can draw the oil and can control the buoyancy precisely up to 21 MPa by replacing the two-way ball valve with an electromagnetic latching solenoid valve.     

活塞加工的计算机辅助工艺过程设计

本文介绍一个在微机上实现的活塞CAPP系统,它具有适合于活塞结构与工艺特点的分段层次式混合编码输入系统和嵌入式知识基形式的工艺决策系统,可自动生成包括工艺规程、工序卡、相应刀、夹、量、辅具的全套完整工艺文件。在工序图自动绘制方面,本文还提出了一种“半参数化”自动生成技术。     

沈阳地铁冬季隧道的温度特性实验研究

对沈阳地铁1号线列车运行时出、入段线隧道,典型区间隧道及典型车站进行了现场测试,并通过自记仪器记录列车运行时的相关参数。通过分析结果表明,隧道入口段空气温度与室外温度同步性较高,合理使用大功率热风幕可以在短时间内有效提高隧道温度,并保证自端点车站起的隧道温度全天高于0°。在冬季活塞竖井关闭的情况下,列车运行热量及站台空气通过活塞效应对区间隧道产生了间歇性的影响,使其空气温度在1摄氏度范围内波动。但隧道空气温度始终低于采暖车站的温度,热量不能有效被车站公共区利用。     

汽车空调压缩机活塞圆柱度测量新方法

给出了圆柱度误差电容形面传感测量原理,运用ANSYS软件对三维实体多导体系统模型的部分电容进行数值分析。基于该原理研制的测量装置对某空调压缩机活塞圆柱度进行了可行性实验验证。     

基于无杆活塞缸与机械增力机构的气动夹具

以固定式无杆活塞缸为驱动，介绍铰杆式机构的气动夹紧装置，配合增力机构提高夹紧力，拓展了气动夹具的用途，在气动系统压力不变的情况下，可代替容易产生污染的液压夹具。     

压缩机活塞环径向工作压力的测定

根据材料力学理论建立了活塞环环向应变与径向压力之间的关系式。用电测法测出活塞环内缘一系列点的环向应变值,采用最小二乘法将测得的应变值进行处理,得到环向应变的分布规律,利用建立的关系式计算出活塞环径向压力分布。     

结构对称性在活塞有限元模态分析中的应用

介绍了有限元中求解固有频率的方法及利用结构的对称性求解有限元问题的原理,利用此方法对活塞进行模态分析,降低了有限元模型的规模,不仅节省计算时间,而且提高了所求解的固有频率精度.