Lanthanum Distribution and Oxygen Vacancy Concentration in SrBi4-x Lax Ti4O15

The Raman and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy of lanthanum-doped SrBi4Ti4O15 (SBLT -x, x =0.00, 0. 05, 0. 10, 0. 25, 0.50, 0. 75 and 1.00) ferroelectric ceramics were investigated to explore the La substitution site and the influence of La-doping on the oxygen vacancy concentration. The results suggest that La3 ions behave pronounced site selectivity for the A site in the case of x ≤ 0.10, and they are incorporated into Bi2O2 layers at higher content. The oxygen vacancy concentration declines with La-doping, and the decrease seems saturated as La content is higher than 0.10.     

Qualitative estimation of camera motion parameters from the linear composition of optical flow

In this paper, we propose a new method for estimating camera motion parameters based on optical flow models. Camera motion parameters are generated using linear combinations of optical flow models. The proposed method first creates these optical flow models, and then linear decompositions are performed on the input optical flows calculated from adjacent images in the video sequence, which are used to estimate the coefficients of each optical flow model. These coefficients are then applied to the parameters used to create each optical flow model, and the camera motion parameters implied in the adjacent images can be estimated through a linear composition of the weighted parameters.We demonstrated that the proposed method estimates the camera motion parameters accurately and at a low computational cost as well as robust to noise residing in the video sequence being analyzed.     

航空遥感相机Ronchi光栅自准直检焦模型分析与验证

为解决航空遥感相机检焦系统故障分析、元器件选型及提高检焦精度的问题,本文深入研究了基于Ronchi光栅的光电自准直检焦法。首先,归纳总结了国内外航空相机常用的几种检焦方法,对比了每种检焦方法的优缺点。接着,重点介绍了基于Ronchi光栅的光电自准直检焦系统的构成和工作原理,建立了数学模型,模拟了检焦系统在不同像面位置处的输出波形。然后,为衡量离焦程度,提出了离焦评价因子的概念,接着分析了光学系统的衍射效应和像差大小、Ronchi光栅的周期选择及检焦光源的能量分布这三种因素对检焦精度的影响,给出了Ronchi光栅周期的选择方法。最后,通过实验的方法对本文的仿真结果加以验证。实验结果表明:合焦波形的峰峰值占比0.82,对应0.05 mm步长下的平均检焦分辨力约为10%。     

谈谈数字视频监控称重系统

简要介绍了数字视频监控称重系统的构成、特点及工作原理，论述了利用常用开发工具Delphi、VB编程实现数字视频图像采集的方法。     

Evaluation of the uncertainty of an optical machine with a vision system for contact-less three-dimensional measurement

Optical machines with a vision system containing a video camera are designed to perform contact-less three-dimensional measurements. They are becoming more widely used in the industrial sector because of the many possibilities for automation they permit and because of the speed and economies in measurement tasks that can consequently be obtained. Within dimensional control these machines introduce significant characteristics of flexibility, savings and reliability. Therefore the purpose is to identify the principal metrological characteristics of such machines and so characterise the metrological traceability of the measurements obtained from them. The aim is to qualify each part of the optical machine as well as on the whole. Previously, no metrological traceability of this equipment has been provided in primary metrology, either at national (SIT—Sistema di Taratura in Italia—Calibration System in Italy) or at international level (EA–European co-operation for Accreditation). For this reason we develop a mathematical model that permits the evaluation of the measurement uncertainties in the use of such a device. The purpose is to obtain the certification of the measurement results furnished by the optical machine in as broad a context as possible. The experimental results of the tests are introduced for validating the proposed method. This paper provides the basis of the expression of the uncertainty of a measurement result obtained using the optical measurement machines and it shows the necessary requirements for the numerical evaluation of such uncertainty.     

消偏型光纤陀螺的原理及应用分析

干涉型光纤陀螺是通过光纤环的Sagnac效应来敏感外部的旋转角速度,在实际的光纤陀螺系统中,Sagnac效应十分微弱,光波偏振态的随机变化引起陀螺的输出漂移和标度因数的不稳定性,从而影响陀螺的性能,采用光学消偏方法可以减小偏振态对光纤陀螺性能的影响.运用琼斯矩阵分析Lyot光纤消偏器的原理及输入输出端口的互易性,探讨Lyot消偏器的结构参数,结合系统中光信号的特点分析了消偏器对光纤陀螺的影响,并探讨了消偏型光纤陀螺的最优结构.消偏光纤陀螺的测试采样输出数据维持在36.5～37.9,整体来看输出平稳,噪声得到了明显的抑制,从而验证了消偏光纤陀螺的原理及其结构设计的可行性.     

基于单目运动摄像机的三维物体运动参数估计

针对单目视觉监测系统摄像机和目标物体同时运动时,如何有效测量物体三维运动参数的难题,提出一种基于单目序列图像对插入虚拟视点的算法确定运动物体位姿及运动参数的方法。动摄像机连续采集运动物体的图像序列,根据摄影几何原理对摄像机和运动物体进行分析,结合本质矩阵的特性,估算空间物体运动参数。实验结果表明,该方法能够在为摄像机与目标物体同时运动的情况下,有效地估测出物体三维运动参数,且该方法简单有效,具有较高的精确度和准确性。     

Robot stereo vision calibration method with genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization

Accurate stereo vision calibration is a preliminary step towards highprecision visual positioning of robot. Combining with the characteristics of genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO), a threestage calibration method based on hybrid intelligent optimization is proposed for nonlinear camera models in this paper. The motivation is to improve the accuracy of the calibration process. In this approach, the stereo vision calibration is considered as an optimization problem that can be solved by the GA and PSO. The initial linear values can be obtained in the first stage. Then in the second stage, two cameras’ parameters are optimized separately. Finally, the integrated optimized calibration of two models is obtained in the third stage. Direct linear transformation (DLT), GA and PSO are individually used in three stages. It is shown that the results of every stage can correctly find nearoptimal solution and it can be used to initialize the next stage. Simulation analysis and actual experimental results indicate that this calibration method works more accurate and robust in noisy environment compared with traditional calibration methods. The proposed method can fulfill the requirements of robot sophisticated visual operation.     

采用分布式偏振串扰检测保偏光纤环质量的研究

提出将偏振串扰分析仪用于光纤陀螺(FOG)保偏光纤(PMF)环绕制在线检测、原料PMF质量检测、成品PMF环总体检测和热应力检测。通过对原料光纤检测,可以有效减少原料光纤固有缺陷对光纤环的影响。通过PMF环绕制在线检测,可以有效检测出光纤环在绕制中的缺陷、监控绕制张力、定位绕制光纤位置和改进绕制工艺等。通过光纤环热应力检测,可以了解骨架、光纤固化胶由于热应力作用对光纤环性能的影响。研究表明,分布式偏振串扰测量是大幅提高PMF环质量的一个有效手段。     

基于无标定视觉伺服的激光标记自动跟踪视频引伸计控制系统设计

本控制系统采用图像雅克比矩阵在线辨识的方法,建立了激光标记与试件标记的实际距离,即激光标记的跟踪位移量到图像空间跟踪位移量的映射关系,不仅避免现有视频引伸计的摄像机标定环节,而且实现了激光标记对试件标记的精密全程跟踪.通过低碳钢和铸铁的拉伸实验,分别实现跟踪精度1.8 μm/10 mm和0.9 μm/2.5 mm,验证了设计的控制系统的有效性和精确性.