绝缘子污秽等级的高光谱特征优化识别技术研究

为解决传统污秽检测方法对输电线路绝缘子污闪防治的局限性,采用非接触式、高分辨率的高光谱成像技术对污秽在线检测技术进行研究。为有效提取反应污秽度的光谱特征并削弱冗余与干扰信息的影响,提出一种小波包能量谱特征优化的绝缘子污秽等级识别技术。首先,对不同污秽度的绝缘子样品的光谱图像进行背景分割,提取均匀覆污区像素点光谱均值曲线;其次,对不同图像的光强均匀度差异、环境噪声进行预处理,并通过导数变换提升不同污秽等级间的可区分性。再次,对预处理后的谱线进行小波能量谱特征提取。最后,基于所提特征建立基于支持向量机(support vector machines, SVM)的污秽等级识别模型。实验结果表明,相比于采用全波段数据或PCA特征数据作为输入,基于小波能量谱特征建立的支持向量机(SVM)污秽等级识别模型对样品识别准确率达到99.8%。#$NL关键词：关高光谱成像;绝缘子污秽等级;小波包能量谱;支持向量机#$NL中图分类号：TM933     

增量式块主成分分析的焊缝图像特征提取算法北大核心CSCD

针对焊缝图像特征提取的实时性问题,该文提出一种增量式块主成分分析(incremental block principal component analysis,IBlockPCA)算法,用于焊缝特征主成分的提取。该算法先将焊缝表面图像分割成子图像块并对其进行重构,然后利用提出的IBlockPCA算法对局部块图像进行增量式特征提取,并采用KNN算法对提取的特征主成分进行分类识别;最后在焊缝数据集上进行了算法的性能对比。实验结果表明,该算法在收敛率、分类率及复杂度等方面均优于其他主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)算法,其分类识别率为97.5%,其平均处理速度可达50 frame/s,能够满足焊缝表面图像的实时性处理需求。     

Displacement field denoising for high-temperature digital image correlation using principal component analysis

Principal component analysis (PCA) was extended to minimize the noise effect in digital image correlation (DIC) measurement under a high-temperature atmosphere environment. First, the principle of PCA was introduced, and the singular vectors and singular values for each component of the displacement fields from DIC were obtained. Then, the simulated high-temperature speckle images were developed to investigate the influences of noise on the DIC method under a high-temperature environment. Finally, the displacement fields of several special conditions were extracted from the simulated speckle images and experimental images; the effects of noise on the PCA were also analyzed.     

A Change-Point Approach for Phase-I Analysis in Multivariate Profile Monitoring and Diagnosis

Process monitoring and fault diagnosis using profile data remains an important and challenging problem in statistical process control (SPC). Although the analysis of profile data has been extensively studied in the SPC literature, the challenges associated with monitoring and diagnosis of multichannel (multiple) nonlinear profiles are yet to be addressed. Motivated by an application in multioperation forging processes, we propose a new modeling, monitoring, and diagnosis framework for phase-I analysis of multichannel profiles. The proposed framework is developed under the assumption that different profile channels have similar structure so that we can gain strength by borrowing information from all channels. The multidimensional functional principal component analysis is incorporated into change-point models to construct monitoring statistics. Simulation results show that the proposed approach has good performance in identifying change-points in various situations compared with some existing methods. The codes for implementing the proposed procedure are available in the supplementary material.     

基于粗糙集模糊神经网络的爆破振动预测

以某地下水封洞库爆破工程为研究对象,全面考虑影响爆破振动的各种因素,提出了基于粗糙集理论的模糊神经网络(RS-FNN)预测方法进行质点峰值速度和主频率预测。首先采用粗糙集理论获得最优属性集,然后对实测数据进行模糊处理,建立质点峰值速度和主频率的12-25-1 RS-FNN网络预测模型,并与基于萨道夫斯基经验公式的预测模型进行对比研究。研究结果表明:RS-FNN对质点峰值速度预测要优于经验公式,同时,RS-FNN也首次实现了对主频率的预测,为保障工程爆破安全提供了一定的理论指导。     

高密度聚乙烯DSC原位加速热老化特性研究

利用DSC原位加速热老化方法,研究了高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)热老化特性,分析了热老化温度对HDPE熔融特性、结晶度和微观结构的影响,通过主成分分析法(PCA)探究了参数变化的相关关系,建立并评估了HDPE在热老化条件下的老化综合评价指标。结果表明,在较低热老化温度条件下,交联作用占主导,随着老化温度的升高,断链与支化作用加强,氧化产物生成变多,由于非结晶区分子链断裂,增强了分子链的活动性导致结晶度先上升后下降。峰值温度和终止温度与亚乙烯基、支化程度、断链程度和羰基指数协同相关程度高,峰值温度、终止温度与亚乙烯基、支化程度互为强抵抗相关。老化综合评价指标整体上Z值呈现两段式的变化趋势。     

新时代汽车强国战略研究综述(二)

"新时代汽车强国战略研究综述(一)"提出我国应抓住新一轮汽车变革机遇,加快推进汽车强国建设的结论。在此基础上,本文从问题出发,梳理出汽车强国建设的7个层面34项制约因素,对制约因素进行了分析研究,凝练出了10个瓶颈问题。接下来阐述了当前我国汽车发展的主要矛盾,并结合当前形势、问题与挑战对汽车强国建设进行了战略思考,提出我国需尽快启动新时代汽车强国战略的结论,并就战略实施提出了主要措施和重点方向。     

Model-based Predictive Control for Spatially-distributed Systems Using Dimensional Reduction Models

In this paper, a low-dimensional multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) model predictive control (MPC) configuration is presented for partial differential equation (PDE) unknown spatially-distributed systems (SDSs). First, the dimension reduction with principal component analysis (PCA) is used to transform the high-dimensional spatio-temporal data into a low-dimensional time domain. The MPC strategy is proposed based on the online correction low-dimensional models, where the state of the system at a previous time is used to correct the output of low-dimensional models. Sufficient conditions for closed-loop stability are presented and proven. Simulations demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed methodologies.     

基于二维复判别分析的人脸识别研究

为了提高人脸正确识别率和效率,在行列方向的二维线性判别分析((2D)2LDA)基础之上,提出了一种二维复判别分析(2DCCDA)的人脸识别方法.该方法通过(2D)2LDA并行提取到的行和列特征矩阵,利用复二维鉴别式分析(C2DLDA)将行和列特征融合成复数特征矩阵,从复数特征矩阵中提取出最具分类能力的系数组成特征向量.相比较二维线性判别分析(2DLDA)和(2D)2LDA方法,2DCCDA需要更少的特征系数来表征一幅图像,并且正确识别率也相应提高.