基于生命期引导的生态进化模型

进化算法的一个很大的不足是个体进化本身没有一个明确的引导趋势.该文借鉴个体进化的生命周期性,提出了一种基于生命期引导的生态进化模型.基于此模型的算法在个体生命期的各个阶段设置了相应的引导算子,使个体在整个生命期都基于其生态特征而被引导进化.实验结果验证了其优越性.     

Influence of temperature on the liver circadian clock in the ruin lizard Podarcis sicula

Reptiles represent an interesting animal model to investigate the influence of temperature on molecular circadian clocks. The ruin lizard Podarcis sicula lives in a continental climate and it is subjected to wide range of environmental temperatures during the course of the year. As consequence, ruin lizard daily activity pattern includes either the hibernation or periods of inactivity determined by hypothermia. Here we showed the rhythmic expression of two clock genes, lPer2 and lClock, in the liver of active lizards exposed to summer photo-thermoperiodic conditions. Interestingly, the exposition of lizards to hypothermic conditions, typical of winter season, induced a strong dampening of clock genes mRNA rhythmicity with a coincident decrease of levels. We also examined the qualitative and quantitative distribution of lPER2 and lCLOCK protein in different cellular compartments during the 24-h cycle. In the liver of active lizards both proteins showed a rhythmic expression profile in all cellular compartments. After 3 days at 6 degrees C, some temporal fluctuations of the lCLOCK and lPER2 are still detectable, although, with some marked modifications in respect to the values detected in the liver of active lizards. Besides demonstrating the influence of low temperature on the lizard liver circadian oscillators, present results could provide new essential information for comparative studies on the influence of temperature on the circadian system across vertebrate classes.     

电磁流量计使用中常见和罕见故障例

将电磁流量计在使用中发生的故障经归纳划分为调试期故障和运行期两大类,并按产生原因从安装、环境条件和流体特性等方面作扼要论述。最后列举了管道强杂散电流、强无线电波干扰、积聚空气、淤泥沉淀层和电极材料等10个使用故障实例和解决办法。     

离散事件动态系统的周期控制

讨论了在计算机网络通信等系统中,采用简单而切实可行的周期输入来进行控制时,离散事件系统的动态行为,结果表明：若采用周期输入,则系统的状态变量也呈周期性,当输入周期μ大于系统的固有周期λ时,系统的状态也以μ为周期,且有一定的抗抖动的能力,当μ等于λ时系统利用率最高;当μ小于λ时,系统将不堪负重产生阻塞。     

小型弹箭惯性矩的测定

本文叙述了三线摆的结构原理 ,介绍了此摆小角及大角摆动周期的计算方法 ,利用三线摆可以测量小型弹箭、弹头、飞机模型及其他构件的惯性矩。当R/L <1/ 30 ,φ≤ 6 0°时 ,该装置的测量准确度可优于 1%。     

某框架一核心简结构加强层位置的优化

本文研究了某带加强层框架一核心筒结构,利用有限元软件Midas building分别建立设置两道加强层的模型l、模型2和模型3,三种模型的区别在于加强层的楼层位置不同。通过在多遇地震作用下的弹性分析比较三个模型的周期比、层间位移角和位移比,结果表明模型2较之可以更有效地降低层间位移角突变,使得结构的受力更加均匀,不容易形成薄弱层,有效地缓解了刚度突变,有利于结构抗震。     

SUPPRESSION OF PERIOD DOUBLING CHATTER IN HIGH-SPEED MILLING BY SPINDLE SPEED VARIATION

Spindle speed variation is a well known technique to suppress regenerative machine tool vibrations, but it is usually considered to be effective only for low spindle speeds. In the current paper, spindle speed variation is applied to the high speed milling process, at the spindle speeds where the constant speed cutting results in period doubling chatter. The stability analysis of triangular and sinusoidal shape variations is made numerically with the semi-discretization method. It is shown that the milling process can be stabilized by increasing the amplitude of the spindle speed variation, while the frequency of the variation has no significant effect on the dynamic behaviour. The results are validated by experiments. Based on the analysis of the machined workpieces, it is shown that the surface roughness can also be decreased by the spindle speed variation technique.     

溪洛渡水电站拱坝施工期坝基变形监测分析

为了解溪洛渡水电站拱坝坝基在施工期、蓄水初期及运行期不同阶段的变形情况和工作状态,确保大坝安全,同时为给工程建设及运行期管理提供科学依据,对坝基垂直位移和水平位移进行了监测,并对监测资料进行了初步分析.监测结果表明拱坝坝基沉降变形比较均匀,变化规律正常.     

按风险率模型分析的设计雨型

设计雨型是暴雨洪水分析不可或缺的基本要素,为此,本文建立了雨型分析的风险率模型,探讨了考虑风险率模式下的雨型设计方法,并以此方法分析了深圳市深圳雨量站1969—2002年实测逐时降雨资料,获得了深圳市不同重现期下的设计雨型,并与深圳市目前主要的几种设计雨型进行了比较.结果显示:(1)典型暴雨同倍比放大法和模糊聚类分析方法都存在风险率设计不足的问题;(2)SCS-Ⅱ法则因为安全度过高不适合深圳地区使用;(3)典型暴雨同频率放大法设计雨型与风险率分析法相似,但雨峰设计存在差异;(4)风险率分析方法对设计雨型的分析具有科学合理的指导意义,可以作为一种雨型的设计方法.     

铜合金表面Ti/TiN多层膜的制备、结构及其性能

为了研究多层膜的腐蚀性能,促进多层膜在生产中的应用,采用电弧离子镀技术,通过调整环境N₂和Ar气的时间比例在铜衬底上成功制备了不同调制周期的Ti/TiN多层膜.利用x 射线衍射谱和交流阻抗谱研究了该多层膜的结构和腐蚀性能.表面形貌显示,沉积的Ti/TiN多层膜具有明显的周期性,环境中N2和Ar气的时间比例决定了多层膜的调制周期,N₂气时间越长,多层膜中TiN相层越厚.腐蚀性能测定表明,多层膜的调制周期影响其耐蚀性,当调制周期为550nm时,沉积膜的耐腐蚀性最好.