基于脉冲反射法的电缆故障检测仪设计

介绍了一种以嵌入式微处理器Nios为核心的电缆故障检测仪.该仪器应用A/D器件和FPGA组成可变频率的高速数据采集系统,利用低压脉冲反射法原理来实现对电缆的断路、短路等故障的检测与定位.     

基于免疫的入侵检测系统中检测子集分布策略

为了提高现有的入侵检测系统的鲁棒性及对未知入侵的检测能力,根据免疫的原理、体系结构,建立了一种新的基于免疫原理的分布式入侵检测系统模型.在该模型中,检测子集如何在各个分布式节点上合理的分配将在很大程度上影响系统的性能.在分析了影响检测子集分布空间因素的基础上,从理论上研究了分布策略的优劣,给出了一种可行的将具有部分重复检测空间的检测子尽量分配到不同检测节点的方法.实验结果表明,与单纯的顺序分配相比该策略能在部分检测节点失效时系统依然维持较高的检测率.     

基于图论的路网交通检测器之布点

为获取各路段的交通流量,将路网检测器布点问题转变成寻求有向图的流控制子图的问题.首先将任意路网抽象为有向图,定义弧的度表征路段的重要性,证明完全有向回路图(CCG)的若干结论后给出CCG最小流控制子图的获取算法,同时给出有向图非回路部分的流控制子图获取方法,进而提出能在任意路网上进行检测器优化布点的完整算法.算例选取广州火车东站附近的路网,结果验证了所提出的方法的有效性.     

基于CVI的红外探测器元件评估系统

设计了一种红外探测器元件性能评估系统,包括黑体,斩波器,单片机控制电路,信号调理电路,高精度数据采集卡,CVI虚拟仪器软件,能够测试红外探测器在特定频率红外照射下的灵敏度和无红外照射下的噪声幅度.噪声的测试采用一次样本采集,快速傅立叶变换分析,得出各个频率的噪声幅度.该系统自动读取计算机系统配置,完成参数初始化,具有操作简单方便、界面友好、测试效率高、可扩展性强、成本低和可靠性高的优点.经过实际测试实验,该系统可方便有效地测试红外探测器性能,实验结果的精度和速度均高于常规方法.     

基于联合迭代重建技术的超声CT重建算法

在研究超声CT成像原理的基础上,对阵列检测方法进行了探讨。通过对探头布置方式的改进,增加了成像所需的数据量。基于最小二乘方准则,利用联合迭代重建算法,采用四边扫描算法求解相关系数矩阵,通过不断修正误差逼近真实值,进而实现速度矩阵的求取。数值仿真表明：采用上述方法能够明显减小重建误差,改善层析成像效果。     

基于红外光学原理的便携式甲烷报警仪

提出了基于红外光学原理的便携式甲烷报警仪的设计方案,详细介绍了报警仪的硬件电路设计、软件设计、光学气室结构、外形结构设计及标定技术。该报警仪采用红外光源、高精度干涉滤光片一体化热释电探测器和单光束双波长技术,配合镀金膜气室实现对CH4等气体的实时检测,具有不易老化、响应快、灵敏度好、性能稳定、抗干扰能力强等优点。     

差压测漏仪微泄漏的建模与仿真

为研究密封件的微泄漏量大小与检测时间之间的关系,实现检测时间与检测可靠性的优化,通过分析密封件微小泄漏的理论,建立了微小泄漏的等效模型。基于此模型,采用AMESim仿真软件对差压测漏仪检测微小泄漏的动态特征进行仿真分析,得出了被测件微小泄漏时的动态P-T关系曲线。结果表明,此仿真试验能反映出密封件微泄漏时压力与时间的动态关系,为制定最优的检测时间提供了依据。     

High responsivity silicon MOS phototransistors

We describe a metal-oxide silicon (MOS) phototransistor that relies on a novel lateral doping scheme that creates a p-i-n junction configuration for light detection. This is essentially a hybrid device with the horizontal structure of a p-i-n diode and the vertical structure of a MOS field-effect transistor. The lateral p-i-n diode detects light whereas the gate can be used to change the current flowing through the device; making it appear as a MOSFET. This feature makes it easy to integrate it with other conventional MOSFETs on a CMOS process flow. The device shows high optical responsivities that persist to wavelengths in the near-ultraviolet region. The fabrication of the device as well as its electrical and optical characteristics is described.     

Carbon felt-based bioelectrocatalytic flow-through detectors: Highly sensitive amperometric determination of H2O2 based on a direct electrochemistry of covalently modified horseradish peroxidase using cyanuric chloride as a linking agent

Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was chemically modified using cyanuric chloride (CC) as a linking agent onto a carbon felt (CF), which is a microelectrode ensemble of micro carbon fiber (>7 μm, diameter) with a random three-dimensional structure. The resulting HRP-modified CF (HRP-ccCF) exhibited well-defined redox waves based on the HRP heme Fe^III/Fe^II redox couple at −0.23 V vs. Ag/AgCl (at pH 7.0), while the HRP-adsorbed CF (HRP-CF) showed no apparent redox couple in the same potential range, indicating that the chemical modification of HRP via CC facilitated the direct electron transfer (DET) between HRP and CF. The apparent heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant k_s was estimated to be 35 s⁻¹. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed that the interfacial properties (i.e., structure, morphology of enzyme-layer) of covalently modified HRP (HRP-ccCF) and physically adsorbed HRP (HRP-CF) are different, resulting in the difference in the electron transfer properties. The HRP-ccCF was successfully used as a working electrode unit in bioelectrocatalytic flow-through detector for highly sensitive amperometric determination of H₂O₂. Under the optimized conditions (i.e., applied potential, 0 V vs. Ag/AgCl; carrier flow rate, 3.25 ml/min; and carrier pH 7.0), the cathodic peak current of H₂O₂ linearly increased up to 3 μM (sensitivity, 1.94 μA/μM; the detection limit, 0.08 μM [S/N = 3]) with sample through-put of ca. 90 samples/h.     

基于ARM920T内核的雷达测速仪设计与算法研究

为了提高目前公路交通中对车辆速度的监测手段,提出一种基于ARM(advanced RISC machines)的新型雷达测速仪,结合多普勒测速原理和信号处理的谱估计法,介绍了由毫米波多普勒收发前端和SamsungS3C2410A处理器构成的雷达测速仪的整体设计,包括其硬件结构的设计和在ARM920T内核中实现基4时间抽取的快速傅里叶变换算法(fastFouriertransform,FFT)。实验结果表明,该雷达测速仪的测速精度可达±1km/h,其优化后的FFT算法具有很高的精度和运行效率。