Existence and release of fluid inclusions in bornite and its associated quartz and calcite

The existence and release of fluid inclusions in bornite and its associated minerals, namely, quartz and calcite were investigated and confirmed. The structures, forms, and phases of these large quantities of fluid inclusions were also studied. A mass of fluid inclusions with various sizes, distributions, shapes, and phases exist in bornite and its associated minerals. Their sizes vary from a few micrometers to tens of micrometers, and the forms appear as negative crystals, or elongated, elliptical, and irregular. At room temperature, fluid inclusions were mainly characterized as gas-liquid two- phase. However, small amounts of fluid inclusions with pure gas phase and pure liquid single-phase were also observed in quartz and calcite. These fluid inclusions initially broke during the ore crushing and grinding process and then released into the flotation pulp in the flotation process. The quantitative analysis of fluid inclusions in the solution and the comparisons of mineral dissolution show that the amount of copper and iron released by fluid inclusions in the bornite sample is higher than the amount dissolved by the mineral; fluid inclusions in the associated gangue minerals, quartz, and calcite also make contribution.     

An iterative calibration method for nonlinear coefficients of marine triaxial accelerometers

Single-axis rotation technique is often used in the marine laser inertial navigation system so as to modulate the constant biases of non-axial gyroscopes and accelerometers to attain better navigation performance. However, two significant accelerometer nonlinear errors need to be attacked to improve the modulation effect. Firstly, the asymmetry scale factor inaccuracy enlarges the errors of frequent zero-cross oscillating specific force measured by non-axial accelerometers. Secondly, the traditional linear model of accelerometers can hardly measure the continued or intermittent acceleration accurately. These two nonlinear errors degrade the high-precision specific force measurement and the calibration of nonlinear coefficients because triaxial accelerometers is urgent for the marine navigation. Based on the digital signal sampling property, the square coefficients and cross-coupling coefficients of accelerometers are considered. Meanwhile, the asymmetry scale factors are considered in the I-F conversion unit. Thus, a nonlinear model of specific force measurement is established compared to the linear model. Based on the three-axis turntable, the triaxial gyroscopes are utilized to measure the specific force observation for triaxial accelerometers. Considering the nonlinear combination, the standard calibration parameters and asymmetry factors are separately estimated by a two-step iterative identification procedure. Besides, an efficient specific force calculation model is approximately derived to reduce the real-time computation cost. Simulation results illustrate the sufficient estimation accuracy of nonlinear coefficients. The experiments demonstrate that the nonlinear model shows much higher accuracy than the linear model in both the gravimetry and sway navigation validations.     

Trichloroacetic acid‐imprinted polypyrrole film and its property in piezoelectric quartz crystal microbalance and electrochemical sensors to application for determination of haloacetic acids disinfection by‐product in drinking water

A molecularly trichloroacetic acid (TCAA) imprinted non‐crosslinked polypyrole (TCAA‐MIPpy) has been successfully prepared and evaluated in its properties for both piezoelectric quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and electrochemical means of detection, and application of such sensors for determination of haloacetic acid concentrations in water. Haloacetic acid selectivity was demonstrated in gravimetric or in electrochemical sensors via either cyclic voltammetric or inter‐digitated conductometric (IDC) analyses studies upon comparison with nonimprinted polypyrrole and TCAA‐imprinted polypyrrole. The measurement results with all these systems revealed that the prepared molecularly imprinted polymer can recognize TCAA well from structurally similar compounds. The TCAA‐MIPpy incorporated with only the IDC transduction system produced the specific signal for TCAA detection in aqueous environment, which is useful for the quantifying TCAA disinfection by‐product in water. The analytical application for determination of TCAA in real‐life samples was readily achieved with the incorporation of TCAA‐MIPpy in the IDC analysis system, the results revealing the high sensitivity and selectivity of the method. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

短路型石英传感器的平面冲击响应

石英传感器已广泛应用于冲击应力波剖面的测量。对不同宽厚比短路型石英传感器在冲击作用下的动态响应特点进行了研究,试验结果表明:不同宽厚比短路型石英传感器的动态响应特点基本相同,其压电系数与冲击应力满足线性关系;传感器压电系数斜升幅度与宽厚比的关系为:当石英传感器的宽厚比大于1.4时,其压电电流的斜升幅度基本不随宽厚比变化,而小于1.4时,压电电流的斜升幅度受边缘效应的影响明显上升,这表明宽厚比小于1.4的石英传感器可应用于实际工程测量。     

甘肃寨上金矿床含金石英脉中锆石SHRIMP法U-Pb同位素测定及地质意义

寨上金矿床为西秦岭近年来新发现的大型微细粒浸染型金矿床。矿区出露的地层以泥盆系、二叠系为主，受近SN向挤压作用影响，普遍发生褶皱变形作用。对寨上金矿3件含金石英脉中的锆石样品的SHRIMP法U-Pb同位素年龄实验，结果表明：锆石U-Pb年龄有4个集中分布区间，分别为：1800～2000Ma、800～1000Ma、400～500Ma、300Ma；石英脉中的锆石均为捕获围岩的锆石，没有发现热液锆石；锆石U-Pb同位素年龄印证了矿区及外围缺失二叠系以后古生界及中生界的地层或岩浆岩。     

压电式传感器在辐射冲击波测量中的应用

为了准确测量复合材料中的辐射冲击波,特别研制了一种大尺寸的石英保护环式压电冲击波测量传感器;利用冲击波在材料界面处的透射、反射原理,给出了正确的界面应力换算方法;应用该自行研制的冲击波测试系统,在“闪光二号”电子束加速器上成功地测量了一种碳纤维编织复合材料中的辐射冲击波,测量波形完整、信号信噪比高,测量结果表明该测量系统完全可以胜任强干扰环境中的辐射冲击波测量。     

冲击作用下七元石英传感器动态性能研究

石英传感器已被广泛应用于冲击波剖面应力的测量。通过1.16 GPa冲击作用下七元石英传感器与分流型、短路型单元石英传感器的对比实验研究表明:七元石英传感器测量单元的压电电流特征与短路型单元石英传感器基本相同;中心测量单元受边缘效应等因素的影响较小,压电电流斜升幅度相对最小,其性质类似于分流型单元石英传感器,可特别应用于空间非均匀冲击作用分布等的测量。     

Flotation of quartz using N-(2-aminoethyl)-octadecanamide as collector

1　INTRODUCTIONMuchworkhasbeendoneonthefrothflotationofquartzinRefs .[1 6 ].Bothcationicandanioniccollectorsareemployedinquartzflotation .Ingener al ,thecollectorsarelong chained ,withatleasttencarbonatoms presentinthehydrocarbon portion .Cationiccollectorscommonlyutilizedareamines ,in cluding primaryamines ,secondaryamines ,tertiaryamines,quaternaryammoniumsalts ,sulphoniumsalt,alkylpyridiniumsaltsanddiamine .Foranioniccollec tor ,thecommonlyused ,arecarboxylate ,sulphonate ,alkylsulpha…     

小功率金卤灯电弧管泡壳成形机理及设备的研究

本文介绍小功率金属卤化物灯电弧管用的石英玻璃特性，根据石英玻璃的特性来研究电弧管泡壳成形的方法，并计算玻管的堆料量，同时介绍泡壳成形机的工作原理和泡壳成形质量控制方法。     

基于能陷理论的石英谐振式力传感器的研究

采用能陷理论对石英谐振式力传感器的谐振器进行了分析和设计，通过基于基频的传感器和基于三次谐波传感器的性能分析，提出了采用三次谐波切角的ＡＴ切谐振器，并合理设计晶片及电极参数，可达到对非谐波及低次谐波的抑制作用；证明了基频传感器，尤其是三次谐波传感器工作于三次谐波比工作于基频时有更优性能。