同振式三轴向矢量水听器设计与实现

根据实际工程需要,设计、制作同振式三轴向矢量水听器,其外形为柱体两端带半球帽的圆柱体,声压通道和矢量通道在结构上结合为一体。矢量水听器外形尺寸为Φ54×72 mm、工作频带为20 Hz~2000 Hz。在国防科技工业水声一级计量站驻波管对研制的矢量水听器进行了测试,测试结果表明：声压通道声压灵敏度级为-192.7 dB（0 dB=1 V/mPa）、具有全指向性;矢量通道声压灵敏度级为-185.3 dB（测试频率500 Hz,0 dB=1 V/mPa）、具有余弦指向性。设计、制作的矢量水听器灵敏度高、通道一致性好、使用方便,满足工程应用需求。     

抓住机遇迎接挑战 为保护美丽长江再谱新篇

当前长江流域水资源保护面临难得的机遇,如何推进长江水生态文明建设,打造水清地绿天蓝的生态廊道是长江水资源保护工作的重大课题。通过对长江水资源保护问题的梳理,规划了今后一段时期的总体构想,从规划体系、水功能区监管、水生态保护、应急管理和监测监控等5个方面探讨了下一步的工作重点;提出了长江干流、主要支流、三峡、丹江口和长江口以及重点湖泊的保护措施;通过健全法规体系、创新管理机制、强化能力建设等,以逐步提升长江水资源保护能力、健全长江水资源保护管理体系,为保护美丽长江再谱新篇。     

移动终端交通动态图形化信息受信位置研究

交通动态信息图形化发布是通过对道路网抽象简化形成简易道路图形,并在此基础上发布实时路况的交通信息发布方式。在移动终端上发布图形化动态信息时,应充分考虑移动终端的可移动性以及实时在线特性,在关键的位置发布合理的图形信息,才可提高交通动态信息的识别度和提升信息诱导效果。通过分析驾驶人信息接收过程和线路的调整行为特性,研究图形化数据受信距离的设置方法,建立受信距离计算模型,给出了模型关键参数的计算方法和参考数据,从而为后期规模性图形化发布位置的布设奠定基础。     

基于加权数据融合和相关性的微型电子测压器改进的动态校准方法

为确保微型电子测压器在高温、高压、高冲击的实测环境中的测试精度,缩短校准周期,设计了模拟火炮膛内压力环境下的微型电子测压器动态校准系统,并从"虚拟"标准测试系统的建立和测压器动态灵敏度的计算两方面介绍了原始和改进的动态校准方法.对比分析其结果可知,改进的动态校准方法不仅能提高微型电子测压器的测试精度,而且能有效缩短校准周期,从而验证了改进的动态校准方法的可行性和合理性.     

Determination of optimal size of the de-jitter buffer of a receiving router

The influence of the size of the de-jitter buffer of a receiving router and of the network load on the transmission quality of voice traffic is investigated by means of simulation modeling. The optimal size of the de-jitter buffer that supports an acceptable level of loss of voice packets and a propagation time of the voice signal that corresponds to accepted standards is determined.     

表面改性四针状纳米ZnO结构与气敏性能研究

将4种质量分数(5%,10%,20%,30%)的Co(CH3COO)24H2O混合到四针状纳米ZnO原料里,采用超声化学浸泡法制备出表面改性四针状纳米ZnO颗粒。通过XRD和TEM分析了表面改性四针状纳米ZnO结构的物相和形貌特征。随着Co(CH3COO)24H2O质量分数增大,Co3O4相明显出现,Co3O4相沉积在ZnO表面上。研究表明:以表面改性四针状纳米ZnO粉末为原料制备的厚膜气敏元件,与纯ZnO气敏元件相比,Co(CH3COO)24H2O质量分数为5%的气敏元件对酒精和甲醇有较高的灵敏度,并讨论了表面改性对气敏性能的影响。     

Pt/Pd对WO_3燃气敏感元件的影响

在WO3粉体材料中加入Pt,PtO2,Pd,PdCl2,以恒温600℃烧结1h制成旁热式厚膜可燃性气敏元件。采用静态电压测量法,研究了元件的加热电压与元件灵敏度的关系。实验结果表明:WO3元件掺入质量分数为0.5%的Pt/Pd,在加热功率为600 mW时,能提高元件的灵敏度2~10倍。     

WO_3掺杂NiO的气敏性能研究

用水热法制备出NiO纳米粉体,对其进行了WO3系列掺杂。利用XRD对产物晶相结构进行表征,测试了掺杂材料的气敏性能。结果表明:适量WO3的掺杂明显改善了NiO材料的气敏性能,其中,掺杂质量分数为6%的气敏元件性能最好,350℃时对Cl2的灵敏度可达到37.5,200℃时对H2S的灵敏度可达30.4。说明该元件在不同温度下对不同气体具有选择性,且该元件对H2S响应恢复快。     

绝缘电阻对圆柱型换能器噪声接收灵敏度影响研究

研究装艇条件下绝缘电阻对圆柱型换能器噪声接收灵敏度的影响.推导装艇条件下圆柱型换能器噪声接收灵敏度的表达式,并进行理论计算验证.仿真结果表明,当绝缘电阻大于100 时,对圆柱型换能器噪声接收灵敏度没有影响;当绝缘电阻小于10 时,在频率低于4 时,对圆柱型换能器噪声接收灵敏度影响明显,在大于6 时,基本没有影响.     

Optimization of dynamic response using a monolithic-time formulation

The design of systems for dynamic response may involve constraints that need to be satisfied over an entire time interval or objective functions evaluated over the interval. Efficiently performing the constrained optimization is challenging, since the typical response is implicitly linked to the design variables through a numerical integration of the governing differential equations. Evaluating constraints is costly, as is the determination of sensitivities to variations in the design variables. In this paper, we investigate the application of a temporal spectral element method to the optimization of transient and time-periodic responses of fundamental engineering systems. Through the spectral discretization, the response is computed globally, thereby enabling a more explicit connection between the response and design variables and facilitating the efficient computation of response sensitivities. Furthermore, the response is captured in a higher order manner to increase analysis accuracy. Two applications of the coupling of dynamic response optimization with the temporal spectral element method are demonstrated. The first application, a one-degree-of-freedom, linear, impact absorber, is selected from the auto industry, and tests the ability of the method to treat transient constraints over a large-time interval. The second application, a related mass-spring-damper system, shows how the method can be used to obtain work and amplitude optimal time-periodic control force subject to constraints over a periodic time interval. This research was performed while the first author held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Air Force Research Laboratory. An early version of this paper was presented at the 46th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, Jan 7–10, 2008, Reno, Nevada.