动力调谐陀螺仪的瞬态动力学及误差分析

为了建立陀螺仪在过载—振动复合环境下的误差模型,应用有限元分析软件ANSYS,针对某型导弹使用的动力调谐陀螺仪的结构,建立基于具体参数的实体和有限元动力学模型,并开展了陀螺仪的瞬态动力学分析研究,由此计算由于陀螺转子和平衡环的质心偏移造成的陀螺仪漂移误差,得到在过载—振动复合环境下陀螺仪漂移角速度与在过载、振动单一环境下漂移角速度之间的关系。     

高精度位置随动系统的误差源分析

以经典三闭环控制系统为研究对象,对其误差源做了较为详尽的分析,将系统误差分为通过算法可调节的误差和通过算法无法调节的误差两大类.文中对舍入误差、传感器量测误差、采样率误差和带宽引入的误差这四种主要的误差源做了定量分析,并从物理运动学角度按由内环到外环的顺序分析了这几种误差在环间的传递与叠加.通过这种对误差的定量分析,可以直观的观察各类误差在总误差中所占的比重,为有针对性的设计系统提供了重要的理论依据.最后以某光电量测设备为控制对象进行了实验,实验结果表明该误差源分析理论是可行的.     

循环流化床锅炉点火系统的数值模拟分析

循环流化床(CFB)锅炉点火系统主要以风道燃烧器为主。风道燃烧器在实际运行时,燃油着火和燃尽性能不是很理想,会出现火焰贴壁、壁面结焦等现象,因此对CFB锅炉点火系统进行数值模拟研究。针对内蒙古某电厂CFB锅炉风道燃烧器实际燃烧工况,选用非结构化有限元体积网格模型进行数值模拟。通过对点火系统的数值模拟和实测结果比较分析,验证了针对内蒙古某电厂CFB锅炉点火系统进行理论模拟所设置的物理模型和边界条件是符合实际的,理论模拟和实测结果的相对误差在10%范围内,结果较为理想。说明利用FLUENT软件对点火系统内温度场及压力场的情况进行模拟分析是可行的,对同类电厂具有一定的参考价值。     

射频电容液位计在海上溢油液位检测中的应用

简单介绍了射频电容液位计进行油水双液位检测的基本原理,阐述了海上溢油回收检测装置的基本构造及其工作过程。针对海上特殊应用环境的测量需求,提出分别按油、按水标定的液位检测方案。油水混合状态下,对2组实验测试数据进行误差和线性度的数值计算,通过曲线拟合对比分析,最终确定了海上溢油回收集油箱油位检测的最优化方案—按油标定检测。实验证明,该方案可以满足现场实际测量环境的要求,液位计的测量精度高、线性度好。     

非间断软件回归测试模型研究

软件测试是开发过程的重要环节。回归错误在开发过程中严重影响着开发的效率,其隐匿特性也使得测试比较困难。因此,本文提出一种非间断测试的模型,用于加强对回归错误的管理,节约不必要的无谓工作时间,提高软件开发的效率。这种模型对用户开发行为进行模拟和推测,在经过大量的数据训练后,寻找测试行为、错误发生等开发动作的捕获点,从而找到最佳的测试策略。在不影响开发人员工作的前提下,可对当前最新的代码进行测试,最大程度上避免回归错误长期隐藏在前期代码中,保持整个开发过程的稳步前进。     

原油标准体积管结蜡造成的后果及解决方法

探讨了原油动态计量中标准体积管结蜡所引起的误差、原因分析和经济损失,提出了解决问题的办法。     

二连盆地气测解释失误层原因剖析

以往人们对气测解释评价成功的范例介绍较多,而对解释结论与试油结果不符合的层公开交流甚少。该文通过对气测解释失误层进行梳理,归纳了六条“认识不到位”等技术因素造成的解释失误和三条非技术因素造成的偏高解释,通过六个失败实例分析,总结、反思应吸取的教训,对今后的油气水层解释评价应有一定的借鉴意义。     

地面井抽采卸压瓦斯技术在新疆大倾角多煤组矿区的应用

针对新疆艾维尔沟矿区大倾角多煤组地表岩层移动与覆岩破坏特征,分析了大倾角多煤组地面井失稳机制,合理选择了地面井位置,优化了钻固井工艺及井身结构,并进行了适用性试验考察。试验工作面推过后井身结构稳定,套管基本未发生异常变形破坏,地面井抽采瓦斯持续稳定,可为新疆矿区大倾角多煤组地面井高效抽采瓦斯提供技术支撑及示范作用。     

New Linkage with Linear Actuator for Tracking PV Systems with Large Angular Stroke

This paper focuses on the development of an optimized photovoltaic tracking system involving low-cost, relative simple mechanisms, with linear actuators able to insure strokes comparable with those resulted when using gear rotary actuators. Starting with a rhombus linkage, with a linear actuator on the diagonal used for the elevation motion till 90°, a new performance solution is generated. This new linkage allows large angular strokes by using an asymmetric rhombus and an eccentrically positioned linear ac...     

Quantification of human error in maintenance using graph theory and matrix approach

Assessment of human error in maintenance requires identification of the contributing factors that lead to human error(s). These factors are called human error inducing factors (HEIFs), which take into consideration both the active and latent error contributing aspects related to man, machine and environment. A systems approach of the Graph Theory is applied in this paper for quantifying human error in maintenance activities that models the identified factors and their interactions/interrelationships in terms of human error digraph. The nodes in the digraph represent the HEIFs and the edges represent their interrelationships. The digraph is converted into an equivalent matrix and an expression based on this is developed, which is characteristic of the human error in maintenance. This expression is used to evaluate a human error index by substituting the numerical value of the factors and their interrelations. The index is a measure of the human error potential involved in the maintenance of systems. A higher value of index indicates that the error likelihood is more for the associated tasks, and more efforts are required to make the system less prone to human error. The proposed methodology is illustrated using a case study. The approach is anticipated to play a significant role in identifying sources of human errors and predicting their impact; and will help to integrate human factors during design stage with the objective of reducing human error in maintenance. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.