Images of a First‐Order Spin‐Reorientation Phase Transition in a Metallic Kagome Ferromagnet

First‐order phase transitions, where one phase replaces another by virtue of a simple crossing of free energies, are best known between solids, liquids, and vapors, but they also occur in a wide range of other contexts, including even elemental magnets. The key challenges are to establish whether a phase transition is indeed first order, and then to determine how the new phase emerges because this will determine thermodynamic and electronic properties. Here it is shown that both challenges are met for the spin reorientation transition in the topological metallic ferromagnet Fe₃Sn₂. The magnetometry and variable temperature magnetic force microscopy experiments reveal that, analogous to the liquid–gas transition in the temperature–pressure plane, this transition is centered on a first‐order line terminating in a critical end point in the field‐temperature plane. The nucleation and growth associated with the transition is directly imaged, indicating that the new phase emerges at the most convoluted magnetic domain walls for the high temperature phase and then moves to self‐organize at the domain centers of the high temperature phase. The dense domain patterns and phase coexistence imply a complex inhomogenous electronic structure, which can yield anomalous contributions to the electrical conductivity.     

Ta2O5-TiO2调制结构和介电性能相关性

本文略述了近来用高分辨电子显微术及其模拟技术,解析Ta2O5和(Ta2O5)1-x(TiO2)x的晶体结构的进展,并揭示了(Ta2O5)1-x(TiO2)x固溶体中由于Ti离子有序占据八面体位置所形成的调制结构和介电性能之间的关联.     

基于频域分析的光学相干显微镜中的色散补偿

提出基于频域分析的色散补偿方法,对光学相干显微镜的干涉信号进行快速傅里叶变换,得到频率幅值极大值对应的平均波数,将提取的解包裹后的相位以平均波数为中心做多项式拟合,得到二阶色散系数。实验中,通过在参考臂中插入不同厚度的色散介质来引入两个干涉臂色散介质的光程差,并求得相应的二阶色散系数。通过最小二乘线性拟合,证实了二阶色散系数和色散介质的相对厚度具有很好的线性关系。根据该线性关系,可以在参考臂中插入适当厚度的色散介质来完全补偿干涉系统的二阶色散。     

改进缺陷,套刻和聚焦性能的第五世代浸没式曝光系统

论述了第五世代双扫描平台浸液式扫描曝光机的性能和进展。表明了在高速扫描状态下有生产价值的套刻和聚焦性能的实现。浸液式设备更多的关键部分与缺陷有关,而且该机的改进是通过有生产价值的缺陷水平方面来体现的。为了保持这种缺陷水平的改进效果,需要在圆片应用中进行专门稳定的测量。特加是边缘空泡除去(EBR)设计和圆片斜面良流线性是很重要的。     

中枢神经细胞瘤的超微结构观察

应用光镜检查及免疫标记,对2例中枢神经细胞瘤进行电镜观察.结果显示,中枢神经细胞瘤在电镜下具有一定的结构特征：瘤细胞间可查见桥粒样结构;胞质内有神经分泌颗粒和哑铃状致密核心颗粒;胞突内有丰富的微管和囊泡状结构.在外科病理诊断中,中枢神经细胞瘤难以与少突胶质细胞瘤、透明细胞室管膜瘤等肿瘤鉴别.电镜检查对鉴别诊断有比较重要的意义.肿瘤细胞胞突内的微管和囊泡、胞质内的神经内分泌颗粒等超微结构与免疫组织化学标记一致,同时也提示肿瘤起源于神经元细胞.     

提高声表面波传感器检测精度的方法

在利用声表面波(SAW)进行检测的系统中,回波相位解调的相位模糊严重影响检测精度。针对延迟线型声表面波温度传感器,理论分析表明,结合时延测量和相位测量的解调方法可唯一确定待测量;实验证明,在温度变化较大的范围内,该方法能解决相位模糊问题,检测精度可达0.5℃。     

Microdroplet and Atomic Force Microscopy Probe Assisted Formation of Acidic Thin Layers for Silicon Nanostructuring

In this work, an aqueous acidic thin‐layer‐based strategy for fabricating nanostructures on silicon by using atomic force microscopy (AFM) nanolithography is presented. The approach involves the formation of microscale droplets via dilute hydrofluoride (DHF) etching, the conversion of the droplets to acidic thin layers by AFM‐probe scanning, and subsequent lithographic operations using a biased probe in the aqueous layers. By varying the concentration of the acidic DHF layers, the thin layers can facilitate the creation of both positive and negative patterns, such as oxide dots and Si pores, through anodic oxidation and dissolution. In particular, the anodic oxidation in the acidic media is associated with the field‐enhanced nonequilibrium dissociation of the weak electrolyte. The Si pore structure formation is related to the field‐assisted dissolution of anodic oxides and the Si substrate. The acidic‐layer‐based technique allows switching between different lithographic modes by changing the acidity of the DHF layers, and is complementary to bulk solution‐based and local meniscus‐based approaches in AFM nanolithography. In principle, this method can also be extended to other materials that have similar reactions with DHF.     

激光扫描成像中旋转多面体的分析计算

对旋转多面体激光扫描成像系统作了理论描述及定量分析。为了保证扫描像点处于同一平面,将多面体置于成像物镜之前,当激光束以相对于光学系统光轴为2α角入射时,确定了入射光在多面体反射面上的位置、多面体中心转轴以及光学系统光轴三者之间的相对位置关系。推导了系统光学扫描角、扫描效率和入瞳漂移等参数的数学公式,分析了它们与入射光直径、入射角、多面体几何尺寸等因素之间的变化关系。结果表明,为减小系统的入瞳漂移和增大扫描效率,应以较小的入射角入射;进行系统设计时,若给定扫描角,扫描效率一般选择在0.4～0.7范围内较合理。     

基于分水岭算法的电感激光热成像图像分割

激光热成像是一种检测电感微裂纹的新方法,但批量自动检测时电感彼此靠近易导致定位错误和误检.根据激光扫描和热成像检测过程分析图像特征,提出求取温度梯度图并利用次大值滤波消除其激励非均匀性,采用形态学操作断开样品粘连处并去除干扰噪声点;通过距离变换结合分水岭算法得到电感图像分割结果.实验结果表明:该方法实现了对批量铁氧体电...     

Silicene Nanoribbons on an Insulating Thin Film

Silicene, a new 2D material has attracted intense research because of the ubiquitous use of silicon in modern technology. However, producing free-standing silicene has proved to be a huge challenge. Until now, silicene could be synthesized only on metal surfaces where it naturally forms strong interactions with the metal substrate that modify its electronic properties. Here, the authors report the first experimental evidence of silicene nanoribbons on an insulating NaCl thin film. This work represents a major breakthrough, for the study of the intrinsic properties of silicene, and by extension to other 2D materials that have so far only been grown on metal surfaces.