PUF‐based solutions for secure communications in Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI)

Advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) provides 2‐way communications between the utility and the smart meters. Developing authenticated key exchange (AKE) and broadcast authentication (BA) protocols is essential to provide secure communications in AMI. The security of all existing cryptographic protocols is based on the assumption that secret information is stored in the nonvolatile memories. In the AMI, the attackers can obtain some or all of the stored secret information from memories by a great variety of inexpensive and fast side‐channel attacks. Thus, all existing AKE and BA protocols are no longer secure. In this paper, we investigate how to develop secure AKE and BA protocols in the presence of memory attacks. As a solution, we propose to embed a physical unclonable function (PUF) in each party, which generates the secret values as required without the need to store them. By combining PUFs and 2 well‐known and secure protocols, we propose PUF‐based AKE and BA protocols. We show that our proposed protocols are memory leakage resilient. In addition, we prove their security in the standard model. Performance analysis of both protocols shows their efficiency for AMI applications. The proposed protocols can be easily implemented.     

Quantifying net energy metering subsidies

Net energy metering (NEM) is the policy available in many states that promotes customer-owned rooftop solar power generation by compensating rooftop solar owners for each kWh that it generates at the retail rates. To help understand the magnitude of the residential net metering subsidies, we conducted a study to assess the subsidies for 16 US utilities with varying geographic location, size, rooftop solar penetration, and NEM policy.     

On monitoring the process mean of autocorrelated observations with measurement errors using the w-of-w runs-rules scheme

Runs-rules have been widely used since the 1950s in industrial and nonindustrial process monitoring applications to improve the performance of basic and other traditional monitoring schemes. However, none of the studies on runs-rules have accounted for a process with a combined effect of measurement errors and autocorrelation. Hence, in this paper, the use of the w-of-w runs-rules to improve the performance of the Shewhart $\overline{X}$ scheme using an additive model with a constant variance and a first-order autoregressive model is proposed. To reduce the combined negative effect of measurement errors and autocorrelation, we implement a sampling strategy based on rational subgroups in which (a) multiple measurements per item are taken (instead of a standard single measurement) and (b) non-neighboring observations are gathered. Moreover, the latter sampling strategy is incorporated into the values of probability elements of a Markov chain matrix which is used to derive some closed-form expressions for the zero- and steady-state run-length distribution. The main finding of this study is that, with respect to some overall performance measures, the proposed scheme outperforms the existing Shewhart $\overline{X}$ scheme by a significant margin. A real-life example is used to illustrate the practical implementation of the proposed scheme.     

移动式计量装置验收专用负荷箱的研制

本项目着力研发一种移动式计量装置验收专用负荷箱,可依据现场实际情况将其接入到专变低压出线处,提供稳定的测试负荷电流,完成计量装置验收关键步骤。主要的技术内容:通过接入电容器组,提供计量装置验收带负荷测试所需的电流,按不同容量电容器组配置合适分组空气开关,保护电容器组,降低同时投入时的冲击电流。本项目制作的计量装置验收专用负荷箱将使用高强度箱体,并制作不同容量的负荷箱以满足不同的计量装置验收负荷要求,以提高计量装置验收工作质量和率,降低电能计量差错风险。     

断路器传动机构齿轮导板的设计

介绍了传动机构的原理,指出齿轮与导板的设计要点。针对断路器跳齿现象,通过对导板和扇形齿轮的受力分析,结合实际情况,提出了优化方案。方案定义了参数设计要求,为齿轮和导板的配合提供一种思路。     

基于单片机的智能电表设计

智能电表的推广与使用是一项惠及百姓的民生工程,它大大改善了农村居民用电条件,提高了配电网的自动化水平,对于减少电力能源的消耗具有重大的意义。采用单片机80C51为核心,同时增加电能计量芯片CS5460A、LCD显示器1602、Wifi通信电路、SD存储卡等芯片,来实现电能的计量与显示、无线通信、数据存储等功能。用户可以通过电表上的按键来选择是显示用户当前用电量,还是某一时段用电量。     

混合井箕斗与罐笼同时运行摩擦问题处理

针对弓长岭中央深井区混合井箕斗与罐笼在同时运行时相互摩擦，存在严重的安全隐患致使混合井一直不能正常运行的问题，通过现场实际测量和理论计算对比分析，提出有针对性的具体措施，实现了混合井箕斗与罐笼同时安全运行。     

基于虚拟仪器的谐波电能计量与分析系统的研制

本文分析了电力谐波对电能计量的影响,提出了在谐波状态下合理的电能计量模式,并开发了采用虚拟仪器技术研制的谐波电能计量与分析装置,介绍了装置的原理、结构、特点。经过大量分析和现场试验,证明可从计量角度对谐波源用户加强监督和管理。     

扩频载波用户终端的居民小区远程抄表系统设计

手工抄录电能表已无法满足供电企业的需要,设计开发远程抄表系统势在必行。通过对目前国内远程抄表系统的现状进行分析,提出了直接利用低压电力线构成与低压电网系统结构相对应的,基于“用户电度表终端 配变集中器 营业站电能抄算主机”组网方式的远程抄表系统这一新颖的远抄方案,并对试点居民小区远程抄表系统的总体方案进行了设计,包括系统组成结构及功能描述、网络通信协议的选择与研究、用户电度表终端的总体设计、配变集中器的总体设计和营业站抄算主机的总体设计等。     

一种实用远程电能抄表系统的应用分析

提出一种基于RS485通信和MOXA通信服务器的经济、实用的远程电能抄表系统的建设方案,分析了该方案的技术特点及其在地区电网中的实际应用,对其他地区供电系统的电能采集系统的建设具有参考价值。