表面致密化--一种提高烧结齿轮性能的有效方法

表面致密化与传统的粉末冶金方法相结合，可以显著改善烧结齿轮的疲劳及表面磨损性能。从而提高齿轮的寿命，同时使生产高性能齿轮的总成本降低，为用粉末冶金(PM)方法生产汽车变速箱齿轮提供了更大的可能性。本文着重讲述了使用这种方法生产高性能PM齿轮的工艺过程，同时介绍了测定致密化效果及齿轮性能的几种主要方法，并根据工艺过程比较了使用传统的机加工方法及本文所述的方法生产同性能齿轮的成本差别。最后，以两个实例分别介绍了使用上述方法对Volvo 850系第五挡变速齿轮及Scania载重车变速箱中行星齿轮的研发。     

Q235B中板延伸率低的原因分析

针对延伸率低的Q235B中板，通过对拉伸试样的化学成分、断口、非金属夹杂物和金相组织等理化检验，分析了造成试样层状断口、中板延伸率低的原因，并提出了一些对策。     

掺钙铬酸镧显微组织、性能与制备工艺的关系

用固相法合成了铬酸镧(LaCrO3)粉料,用扫描电镜对不同工艺制备的样品进行了显微组织分析,分析了钙含量、不同合成条件及烧结时间对试样线收缩率和电阻率的影响。研究发现,随钙含量增加,室温电阻率减小,线收缩率增大,烧结性能改善;随粉料合成温度的升高,试样线收缩率略有增大;合成时间和烧结时间对电阻率的影响均不大;随着烧结时间的延长,线收缩率变大,致密度提高。     

稀土固体超强酸Gd3+(Y3+)-SO42-/ZrO2催化、微波合成蔗糖脂肪酸酯

将稀土固体超强酸与微波辐射技术相结合研究蔗糖酯的合成，考察了微波辐射功率、反应时间、催化剂、乳化剂对反应的影响。结果表明，当辐射功率为390W、反应时问为20min时，稀土固体超强酸Gd^3＋（Y^3＋）-SO4^2-／ZrO2对合成蔗糖酯的催化活性优于常规催化剂无水碳酸钾。并且微波辐射使反应时间从传统减压加热4～8h缩短到常压反应20min。     

紫铜熔铸中如何防止吸气

阐述了氢和氧对铜液的溶解能力，熔铸紫铜时的条件，气体形成的机理，气孔对加工材的危害以及防止吸气的措施。     

固体润滑轴承在烧结机台车卡轮上的应用

简要介绍了固体润滑轴承的润滑机理，及其在烧结机台车卡轮上的应用情况。该技术在鞍钢、攀钢、莱钢、沙钢等厂烧结机台车上使用后，大幅度减少了台车的维护量．降低了生产成本，取得了良好的经济效益。     

喷射成形Al10.8Zn2.9Mg1.9Cu合金的显微组织演变规律研究

主要采用金相、X射线衍射和透射电镜等测试手段，对M10．8Zn2．9Mg1．9Cu合金在沉积、挤压和热处理3种状态的显微组织演变规律进行研究。结果表明：合金在沉积和挤压前预热两种状态中基体都由等轴晶粒组成，晶粒的平均尺寸分别约为23和24μm，热挤压之后．晶粒平行挤压方向被拉长。在沉积和挤压两种状态中一次析出相主要为MgZn2，Al2Cu和Al2CuMg3种，没有发生变化；热处理之后，一次析出相大部分回溶，少量的Al2CuMg相没有回溶。Al10．8Zn2．9Mg1．9Cu合金经过热处理之后，晶内分布大量弥散的尺寸约为6～15nm的η’，晶界上分布不连续、尺寸在10～20nm左右的η相，不存在明显的晶间无析出带。     

Stresses in bent copper tubing: Application to fatigue and stress-corrosion cracking failure mechanisms

The residual and applied stresses in u-bent copper tubing are addressed in the context of both cyclic fatigue and stress-corrosion cracking. Failures as a result of fatigue and stress corrosion cracking in u-bent copper tubing have been observed to initiate at nonintuitive locations when only the applied stresses on the component are considered. This paper presents both qualitative classical and quantitative finite-element stress analysis results for the forming of u-bends. The resulting residual stress distributions are compared to fracture patterns generated by both fatigue and stress-corrosion cracking mechanisms.     

Inside Front Cover: Self‐Assembly of SiO2 Nanowires and Si Microwires into Hierarchical Heterostructures on a Large Scale (Adv. Mater. 8/2005)

The inside cover shows a scanning electron micrograph of a novel hierarchical heterostructures, as reported by Hu and co‐workers on p. 971. The heterostructures are formed from Si core microwires covered by dense, aligned SiO₂ nanowires, thus forming multiple junctions to the cores. The inset shows a schematic of the Sn‐catalyzed vapor–liquid–solid growth mechanism. These materials are envisaged to become important for optical fibers, low‐dimensional waveguides, scanning near‐field optical microscopes and high‐bandwidth optical signal processing devices.     

Iterative ultrasonic signal and image deconvolution for estimation of the complex medium response

The ill‐conditioned inverse problem of estimating ultrasonic medium responses by deconvolution of RF signals is investigated. The primary difference between the proposed method and others is that the medium response function is assumed to be complex‐valued rather than restricted to being real‐valued. Derived from the complex medium model, complex Wiener filtering is presented, and a Hilbert transform related limitation to inverse filtering type methods is discussed. We introduce a nonparametric iterative algorithm, the least squares method with point count regularization (LSPC). The algorithm is successfully applied to simulated and experimental data and demonstrates the capability of recovering both the real and imaginary parts of the medium response. The simulation results indicate that the LSPC method can outperform Wiener filters and improve the resolution of the ultrasound system by factors as high as 3.7. Experimental results using a single element transducer and a conventional medical ultrasound system with a linear array transducer show that despite the errors in pulse estimation and the noise in the RF signals, excellent results can be obtained, demonstrating the stability and robustness of the algorithm. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 15, 266–277, 2005