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181.
F. Otsubo K. Kishitake T. Akiyama T. Terasaki 《Journal of Thermal Spray Technology》2003,12(4):555-559
It is known that the corrosion resistance of stainless steel is deteriorated by blasting, but the reason for this deterioration
is not clear. A blasted austenitic stainless steel plate (JIS-SUS304) has been characterized with comparison to the scraped
and non-blasted specimens. The surface roughness of the blasted specimen is larger than that of materials finished with #180
paper. A martensite phase is formed in the surface layer of both blasted and scraped specimens. Compressive residual stress
is generated in the blasted specimen and the maximum residual stress is formed at 50–100 μm from the surface. The corrosion
potentials of the blasted specimen and subsequently solution treated specimen are lower than that of the non-blasted specimen.
The passivation current densities of the blasted specimens are higher those of the non-blasted specimen. The blasted specimen
and the subsequently solution treated specimen exhibit rust in 5% sodium chloride (NaCl) solution, while the non-blasted specimen
and ground specimen do not rust in the solution. It is concluded that the deterioration of corrosion resistance of austenitic
stainless steel through blasting is caused by the roughed morphology of the surface. 相似文献
182.
Distortion as a result of the quenching process is predominantly due to the thermal gradient and phase transformations within
the component. Compared with traditional liquid quenching, the thermal boundary conditions during gas quenching are relatively
simple to control. By adjusting the gas-quenching furnace pressure, the flow speed, or the spray nozzle configuration, the
heat-transfer coefficients can be designed in terms of both the component geometry and the quenching time. The purpose of
this research is to apply the optimization methodology to design the gas-quenching process. The design objective is to minimize
the distortion caused by quenching. Constraints on the average surface hardness, and its distribution and residual stress
are imposed. The heat-transfer coefficients are used as design variables. DEFORM-HT is used to predict material response during
quenching. The response surface method is used to obtain the analytical models of the objective function and constraints in
terms of the design variables. Once the response surfaces of the objective and constraints are obtained, they are used to
search for the optimum heat-transfer coefficients. This process is then used instead of the finite-element analysis. A one-gear
blank case study is used to demonstrate the optimization scheme. 相似文献
183.
184.
A programmed temperature technique has been developed for the measurement of the self-diffusion coefficients of additives in polymers. This has been applied to the diffusion of three dialkylphthalate plasticizers in poly(vinyl chloride). Values of the self-diffusion coefficients and the calculated activation energies obtained in this way have been compared with values previously obtained from measurements at constant temperature. It has been shown that the programmed temperature technique gives a very rapid method for the estimation of the activation energy of self-diffusion. 相似文献
185.
不同活化剂对石油焦基活性炭孔结构的影响 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
以石油焦为原料 ,Na OH,KOH和 Na2 CO3 为活化剂制备活性炭 ,采用氮气吸附考察了不同活化剂对活性炭的比表面积、中孔和微孔孔径分布、孔容积及平均孔径等孔结构的影响 .结果表明 :KOH活化制备的活性炭包含 1 nm的微孔和 4nm的中孔 ,总孔容 0 .648cm3 /g,比表面积大 ;Na OH制备的活性炭以 1 nm的微孔为主 ,占总孔容 ( 0 .1 65 cm3 /g)的 98% ,平均孔径 1 .83nm;Na2 CO3 制备的活性炭以 4nm的中孔为主 ,占总孔容 ( 0 .1 43cm3 /g)的 68.5 % ,平均孔径 3.42 nm,比表面积小 .3种样品的孔径都呈现出多峰分布特征 .KOH和 Na2 CO3 活化制备的活性炭的 N2 吸附脱附曲线属于 型 ,Na OH活化制备的活性炭吸附脱附曲线属于 型 . 相似文献
186.
A. Domingue K. Piyakis E. Sacher M. Di Renzo S. D nomm e T. H. Ellis 《The Journal of Adhesion》1993,40(2):151-162
The irreversibly bound interfacial layer deposited by the γ-aminopropysilanetriol adhesion promoter onto a crystalline silicon substrate, which remains even after profuse washing, was found by XPS to have resulted from the fragmentation and rearrangement of the original γ-aminopropylsilanetriol molecule. A mechanism is proposed, involving the homolytic scission of the terminal N-C bond. One of the subsequent reactions is believed to involve hydrogen loss by abstraction and the formation of a terminal vinyl group, which bonds to the substrate. Support for this mechanism is found in IR spectroscopy of this layer. 相似文献
187.
Pellets containing metronidazole were produced in a centrifugal granulator, with hydroxypropylcellulose (Klucel LF®) as binding agent, and corn starch, microcrystalline cellulose (Vivapur 101®) and lactose as excipients. The wettability of the pharmaceutical powders was assessed by means of contact angle measurements, and the dispersive and polar surface energies were determined. The spreading coefficients, the work of adhesion and the work of cohesion were calculated and correlated with the pellet properties (friability, bulk and tapped density, and porosity). The aim was to investigate the role of the surface free energy of one- and two-component powder compositions in pellet production. The interactions between the particles were found to be connected with the measured pellet parameters. It was concluded that, in the course of the growth of the pellets, the particle sizes of the pharmaceutical powders and the interactions between them are important. If the work of cohesion of the binder is lower than the work of cohesion of the substrate and the work of adhesion, then the optimal amount of the binding agent is that which coats the particles uniformly in minimal quantity and in continuous layer. 相似文献
188.
R. Sarathi 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2002,83(13):2843-2849
In the present work tracking phenomena were studied with high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) materials under dc voltage, with NH4Cl and acid rain as contaminants. It was determined that the tracking time of the material depends on the conductivity and flow rate of the contaminant. Furthermore, physicochemical analysis by wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction studies, differential scanning calorimetry, and luminescence spectroscopy was carried out, whereupon it was concluded that the tracking process is a surface‐degradation process. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 2843–2849, 2002; DOI 10.1002/app.10260 相似文献
189.
Silicon Nitride Derived from an Organometallic Polymeric Precursor: Preparation and Characterization 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Wayde R. Schmidt Vijay Sukumar William J. Hurley Jr. Roberto Garcia Robert H. Doremus Leonard V. Interrante Gary M. Renlund 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1990,73(8):2412-2418
Partially crystalline Si3 N4 , with nanosized crystals and a specific surface area greater than 200 m2 /g, is obtained by pyrolysis of a commercially available vinylic polysilane in a stream of anhydrous NH3 to 1000°C. This polymer does not contain N initially. Crystallization to high-purity α-Si3 N4 proceeds with additional heating above 1400°C under N2 . The changes in crystallinity, powder morphology, infrared spectra, and elemental compositions, for samples annealed from 1000° to 1600°C under N2 , are consistent with an amorphous-to-crystalline transformation. Although macroscopic consolidation and local densification occur at 1400°C, volatilization and accompanying weight loss limit bulk densification. The effect of temperature on specific surface area is examined and related to the sintering process. These results are applicable to pyrolysis, decomposition, and crystallization studies of ceramics synthesized by polymeric precursor routes. 相似文献
190.
Hydrotalcites in the nitrate form were prepared using microwave irradiation in the hydrotreatment step. The surface area (BET) of nitrated hydrotalcites was evaluated. Solids were characterized by atomic absorption, X-ray diffraction and BET analysis. Thermal pretreatment temperature determined the surface area of the hydrotalcites. 相似文献