地面数字电视系统中内交织器的FPGA实现

在地面数字电视系统中，广播信道存在着突发噪声干扰和随机噪声干扰，而且前者的危害甚于后者。交织就是把集中的突发噪声引起的差错，按一定规律均匀分散给各码字，提高总体差错控制能力。该文介绍了DVB—T地面数字电视系统中内交织的原理和算法，并在此基础上，利用FPGA器件实现内交织器中的比特交织和符号交织。提出了一种新的数字信号测试方法-SignalTap。最后，经过仿真和硬件测试，得到预期的设计结果。     

地热采暖管常温固体清洗剂的配方研究

以氨基磺酸为主酸洗剂、柠檬酸为辅助酸洗剂配制了常温固体化学清洗剂.为了降低酸洗剂对地暖管分水器及输液泵材质等引起的腐蚀作用,在清洗剂中配入了固体缓蚀剂YD.试验结果表明:在规定清洗条件下,这种清洗剂的除垢率大于97%,而对铁、铜金属的腐蚀率均符合行业标准HG/T2387-92.而且具有毒性低,运输、贮存方便,使用安全、简单的特点.     

Surface damage induced by FIB milling and imaging of biological samples is controllable

Focused ion beam (FIB) techniques are among the most important tools for the nanostructuring of surfaces. We used the FIB/SEM (scanning electron microscope) for milling and imaging of digestive gland cells. The aim of our study was to document the interactions of FIB with the surface of the biological sample during FIB investigation, to identify the classes of artifacts, and to test procedures that could induce the quality of FIB milled sections by reducing the artifacts. The digestive gland cells were prepared for conventional SEM. During FIB/SEM operation we induced and enhanced artifacts. The results show that FIB operation on biological tissue affected the area of the sample where ion beam was rastering. We describe the FIB-induced surface major artifacts as a melting-like effect, sweating-like effect, morphological deformations, and gallium (Ga(+)) implantation. The FIB induced surface artifacts caused by incident Ga(+) ions were reduced by the application of a protective platinum strip on the surface exposed to the beam and by a suitable selection of operation protocol. We recommend the same sample preparation methods, FIB protocol for milling and imaging to be used also for other biological samples.     

3D reconstruction of existing concrete bridges using optical methods

Routine bridge inspections usually consist of visual observations. These inspections are time-consuming and subjective. There is a need to identify new inspection techniques for infrastructure that reduce traffic disturbance, and improve the efficiency and reliability of the acquired data. This study compared the performance of three different imaging technologies for the three-dimensional (3D) geometric modeling of existing structures: terrestrial laser scanning, close-range photogrammetry, and infrared scanning. Each technology was used to assess six existing concrete railway bridges. The technologies were compared in terms of geometric deviations, visualization capabilities, the level of the inspector’s experience, and degree of automation. The results suggest that all methods investigated can be used to create 3D models, however, with different level of completeness. Measurements such as span length, deck widths, etc. can be extracted with good accuracy. Although promising, a full off-site inspection is currently not feasible as some areas of the bridges were difficult to capture mainly due to restricted access and narrow spaces. Measurements based on terrestrial laser scanning were closer to the reality compared to photogrammetry and infrared scanning. The study indicates the no special training is needed for photogrammetry and infrared scanning to generate a 3D geometric model.     

TDS-OFDM系统的设计

介绍了TDS-OFDM系统的调制编码方式和接收端实现技术.与欧洲DVB-T循环前缀OFDM的性能对比中,TDS-OFDM在地面电视广播等领域中表现出显著的优势.     

Decision rules for determining terrestrial movement and the consequences for filtering high-resolution global positioning system tracks: a case study using the African lion (Panthera leo)

The combined use of global positioning system (GPS) technology and motion sensors within the discipline of movement ecology has increased over recent years. This is particularly the case for instrumented wildlife, with many studies now opting to record parameters at high (infra-second) sampling frequencies. However, the detail with which GPS loggers can elucidate fine-scale movement depends on the precision and accuracy of fixes, with accuracy being affected by signal reception. We hypothesized that animal behaviour was the main factor affecting fix inaccuracy, with inherent GPS positional noise (jitter) being most apparent during GPS fixes for non-moving locations, thereby producing disproportionate error during rest periods. A movement-verified filtering (MVF) protocol was constructed to compare GPS-derived speed data with dynamic body acceleration, to provide a computationally quick method for identifying genuine travelling movement. This method was tested on 11 free-ranging lions (Panthera leo) fitted with collar-mounted GPS units and tri-axial motion sensors recording at 1 and 40 Hz, respectively. The findings support the hypothesis and show that distance moved estimates were, on average, overestimated by greater than 80% prior to GPS screening. We present the conceptual and mathematical protocols for screening fix inaccuracy within high-resolution GPS datasets and demonstrate the importance that MVF has for avoiding inaccurate and biased estimates of movement.     

弹丸转数测量技术研究

根据弹丸转数测量的基本原理,提出一种基于地磁场特性的磁电式转数传感器,建立了基本模型,并对设计理论和有关问题进行了分析。     

塔里木盆地顺北地区白垩系原油成因类型与来源

塔里木盆地白垩系含油层系具有良好的勘探潜力,顺北地区在白垩系有较好的油气显示,测试获得少量原油。为研究顺北地区白垩系原油地球化学特征、成因类型、油气来源,系统开展了地球化学特征分析、油—油、油—源对比研究。顺北地区白垩系原油饱和烃色谱为单峰前峰型,正构烷烃系列保存完整,谱图基线平稳,未见明显的"鼓包",原油Pr/Ph分布在1.65~1.71,C21TT/C23TT>1,生标图谱中藿烷系列化合物占明显优势,∑三环萜烷/∑藿烷<1,检测到丰度较高的伽马蜡烷和三芳甾烷化合物,指示为保存条件良好的陆相成因类型原油;顺北白垩系原油与北部库车坳陷周缘的英买、大宛齐、大涝坝白垩系原油、库车河三叠系黄山街组泥质烃源岩具有较好的亲源性,指示油源来自库车坳陷三叠系黄山街组泥质烃源岩;白垩系原油热演化程度从大宛齐到英买再到顺北呈现出降低的趋势,推测顺北白垩系原油可能来源于库车坳陷三叠系烃源岩,生成的早期陆相油气沿白垩系优质砂体、T40不整合面、断裂由北向南远距离侧向运移。     

基于GRACE重力数据反演黄河流域陆地水储量变化

基于GRACE重力卫星数据反演黄河流域2002-2013年陆地水储量变化,并通过GLDAS验证GRACE反演结果。在此基础上采用皮尔逊相关系数法进一步探究陆地水储量与降水、气温、蒸散和植被NDVI的关系。结果表明:基于GRACE数据能够较好地反演陆地水储量; 2002-2013年间黄河流域的水储量以0.56 cm/a的速度减少,且具有明显的季节特征,水储量在1-6月呈亏损状态,7-12月呈盈余状态;对黄河流域水储量变化与降水、气温、蒸散和NDVI进行滞后性分析,表明其与降水、蒸散、NDVI有两个月的滞后效应,与气温为3个月。     

西藏阿里地区狮泉河镇地热采暖应用方案

根据西藏阿里地区狮泉河的科学考查材料，对于利用地热采暖的意义，由浅入深地探讨了利用地热采暖的几种方案，可供暖通设计人员参考。