暴雨与河流水位涨落耦合作用基坑稳定性分析

雨季施工时基坑工程受暴雨入渗以及邻近河流水位涨落耦合作用,容易发生渗透破坏事故。基于裘布依（Dupuit）假定建立分层地基地下水耦合渗流方程,以此确定在暴雨入渗以及河流水位涨落耦合作用下基坑周边地下水位。同时基于渗流-应力耦合分析理论与Midas分析软件,以某基坑工程实例为研究对象,建立基坑工程渗流-应力耦合分析模型,对基坑工程渗流破坏现象进行分析研究,由此得出了对其它工程有重要参考价值的结论。     

基桩内力测试中的混凝土损伤分析

在基桩静载过程中,采用自动化桩身内力测试系统连续观测桩身内力变化,结合原型试验,发现桩身应变呈台阶状增大。卸载阶段,由于桩身回弹量大于土层回弹量,土层中产生负摩擦阻力。在资料处理过程中,认为混凝土损伤模型能有效解释加载过程中标定断面的模量"减小"现象。利用损伤力学理论,得到了混凝土模量与其自身应变的函数关系,根据桩身实际应变状态选取不同的模量,由此计算桩身内力。原型试验的计算结果表明,利用该方法得到的桩身内力更加科学。     

开槽预应力闸墩应力集中特性研究

为了较好地分析开槽预应力闸墩槽附近的应力集中问题,采用有限元结构分析软件模拟了某大型水电站在施工期和运行期不同荷载组合作用下的受力情况。通过改变预留槽的位置及大小,分析闸墩的应力分布状况。最后,从弹性力学的角度,应用复变函数法对孔口附近的应力分布情况进行计算,并将变化规律与开槽预应力闸墩的应力集中情况进行了分析对比。研究结果表明,预应力闸墩因开槽而引起应力集中可以被充分利用,不仅可以提高预应力锚索的预压效果,还可以通过改善预压应力的传力路径,使其传到更为有效的部位。     

基于加权总广义变差的Mumford-Shah模型

给出了加权总广义变差(Total generalized variation, TGV)的定义. 利用图像的2阶加权TGV半范作为正则项, 利用水平集函数的2阶加权TGV半范近似边界长度, 提出了基于加权TGV的Mumford-Shah模型. 对未知函数分别利用交替Split-Bregman方法、Fenchel对偶方法及FISTA (Fast iterative shrinkage-thresholding algorithm)给出数值计算模型. 仿真实验结果表明, 利用图像的2阶加权TGV半范的去噪效果优于常用的梯度模2范数和加权TV (Total variation)半范正则化; 利用水平集函数的2阶加权TGV半范近似边界长度的边缘检测效果优于传统的TV半范和加权TV半范约束.     

Physiological responses to simulated firefighter exercise protocols in varying environments

For decades, research to quantify the effects of firefighting activities and personal protective equipment on physiology and biomechanics has been conducted in a variety of testing environments. It is unknown if these different environments provide similar information and comparable responses. A novel Firefighting Activities Station, which simulates four common fireground tasks, is presented for use with an environmental chamber in a controlled laboratory setting. Nineteen firefighters completed three different exercise protocols following common research practices. Simulated firefighting activities conducted in an environmental chamber or live-fire structures elicited similar physiological responses (max heart rate: 190.1 vs 188.0 bpm, core temperature response: 0.047°C/min vs 0.043°C/min) and accelerometry counts. However, the response to a treadmill protocol commonly used in laboratory settings resulted in significantly lower heart rate (178.4 vs 188.0 bpm), core temperature response (0.037°C/min vs 0.043°C/min) and physical activity counts compared with firefighting activities in the burn building.

Practitioner Summary: We introduce a new approach for simulating realistic firefighting activities in a controlled laboratory environment for ergonomics assessment of fire service equipment and personnel. Physiological responses to this proposed protocol more closely replicate those from live-fire activities than a traditional treadmill protocol and are simple to replicate and standardise.     

Multiplicative noise removal combining a total variation regularizer and a nonconvex regularizer

A novel variational model for removing multiplicative noise is proposed in this paper. In the model, a novel regularization term is elaborately designed which is inherently equivalent to a combination of the classical total variation regularizer and a nonconvex regularizer. The proposed regularization term, on the one hand, can better remove the noise in homogeneous regions of a noisy image and, on the other hand, can preserve edge details of the image during the denoising process. In order to solve the model efficiently, we design an alternating iteration process in which two coupling minimization problems are solved. For each of the two minimization problems, the existence and uniqueness of their solutions are proved under some necessary assumptions. Numerical results are reported to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed regularization term for multiplicative noise removal.     

Maximal matching and edge domination in complete multipartite graphs

For any graph G, let α′(G) and α′_min(G) be the maximum cardinality and minimum cardinality among all maximal matchings in G, respectively, and let γ′(G) and γ_t ′(G) be the edge domination number and edge total domination number of G, respectively. In this paper, we first show some properties of maximal matchings and further determine the exact values of α′(G) and α′_min(G) for a complete multipartite graph G. Then, we disclose relationships between maximal matchings and minimal edge dominating sets, and thus obtain the exact values of γ′(G) and γ_t′(G) for a complete multipartite graph G.     

软土地基上高填方刚性涵洞地基处理及其设计原则

软土地基上设置刚性涵洞,面临着地基沉降和不均匀沉降的控制以及地基处理后的应力集中两大难题。涵洞地基处理方法运用不当会对涵洞结构的受力状态产生较大的影响。论文分析了软土地基上高填方涵洞地基承载力特性,同时探讨了地基处理的范围及处理后的地基刚度对涵洞结构受力特性的影响;在此基础上提出了涵洞地基的设计原则。研究结果表明：涵洞地基设计应充分考虑软土固结和基础的埋深效应,涵洞地基处理后的刚度过大、地基处理的深度过大或处理的宽度过窄都会导致涵洞顶部的土压力和结构内力增大。     

磁电可调微波器件电调频带漂移模型

针对磁电可调微波器件外加电场可以调节器件频带漂移的现象,该文基于经典层合板理论及Smith-Beljers理论,建立了外电场作用下磁电层合结构铁磁共振频率漂移模型.对PZT/YIG/GGG 3层磁电层合结构,该理论模型可以在定性上有效的预测施加平行和垂直的外磁场时,电调FMR频率漂移方向相反的实验现象,进而为磁电可调微波器件电调频带漂移现象提供了理论基础.     

正交设计法优选木瓜叶总黄酮超声提取工艺

为了充分利用木瓜叶资源,优化木瓜叶总黄酮提取工艺,采用超声波辅助提取法,通过单因素和正交试验设计法考察了乙醇浓度、固液比、提取温度和提取时间对木瓜叶总黄酮提取率的影响．优化得到的提取工艺为：当乙醇质量分数70％,固液比1：40（g／mL）,提取温度70℃,提取时间70min时,提取的总黄酮提取率达2．50％,此法提取率高,可为木瓜叶资源综合利用提供参考．