蒸汽发生器传热管面内流体弹性失稳分析

流体弹性失稳是蒸汽发生器内最严重的传热管流致振动机理,一旦发生就会使传热管发生大幅振动并快速失效。流体弹性失稳可能在U形传热管束的面内及面外两个方向发生,为研究面内及面外流体弹性失稳发生的先后顺序,通过将蒸汽发生器U形传热管防振条支撑假设为单向简支,即仅在传热管面外方向对U形管进行约束,建立了完整的U形管模型;计算了弯曲半径及防振条支撑数量对U形管面内外固有频率的影响,基于成熟的流体弹性失稳经验模型,得到了面内流体弹性失稳先于面外方向发生的条件。结果表明,对弯曲半径在0.5 m-1.75 m范围内的U形传热管,当其弯管段支撑点超过4 h,面内流体弹性失稳将先于面外方向发生。     

A computational fluid dynamics investigation of a novel flooded-bed dust scrubber with vibrating meshOA

This work proposes a vibrating mesh screen as an alternative to the static mesh screen currently used in conventional flooded-bed dust scrubbers for removing airborne coal mine dust in the continuous mining environment. Fundamental assessments suggest that a vibrating screen may improve the dust collection efficiency of scrubber systems and mitigate the clogging issues associated with the conventional design.To evaluate this hypothesis, computational fluid dynamics(CFD) simulations were carried ...     

一种新型的机液集成变速器

提出了一种新型的机液集成变速器,介绍了其结构、工作原理和结构特点,总参数选择及系统设计方法,可指导新产品的研究开发,满足众多领域对低转速、大扭矩、高效率、低能耗变速器的需要.     

相对速度对磁流体液体动密封中界面稳定性的影响

推导了旋转轴液体密封中液-液界面由于相对运动引起的切应力,从相对速度角度对液体动密封界面稳定性问题进行了研究,并对结构进行了改进,将磁流体界面的稳定性问题转化为静态扩散处理.     

涡流发生器在流体机械流动控制中应用研究进展

从实验测量和数值计算两个方面对涡流发生器流动控制的基础研究和应用研究进行评述,介绍了涡流发生器在流体机械流动控制中的应用及其取得的主要研究成果,最后指出了涡流发生器发展存在的问题和发展方向.     

火电厂用中水水质问题及改善措施的分析

针对火电厂用于循环冷却水和锅炉补给水的中水水质不稳定的问题,介绍通过改进污水处理阶段的工艺和深度处理必电厂初级阶段中水以提高中水水质的措施,对节能减排、保护环境吴有重要意义.     

Establishing In-House Cutoffs of CSF Alzheimer’s Disease Biomarkers for the AT(N) Stratification of the Alzheimer Center Barcelona Cohort

Background: Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) increasingly incorporates CSF biomarkers. However, due to the intrinsic variability of the immunodetection techniques used to measure these biomarkers, establishing in-house cutoffs defining the positivity/negativity of CSF biomarkers is recommended. However, the cutoffs currently published are usually reported by using cross-sectional datasets, not providing evidence about its intrinsic prognostic value when applied to real-world memory clinic cases. Methods: We quantified CSF Aβ1-42, Aβ1-40, t-Tau, and p181Tau with standard INNOTEST^® ELISA and Lumipulse G^® chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA) performed on the automated Lumipulse G600II. Determination of cutoffs included patients clinically diagnosed with probable Alzheimer’s disease (AD, n = 37) and subjective cognitive decline subjects (SCD, n = 45), cognitively stable for 3 years and with no evidence of brain amyloidosis in 18F-Florbetaben-labeled positron emission tomography (FBB-PET). To compare both methods, a subset of samples for Aβ1-42 (n = 519), t-Tau (n = 399), p181Tau (n = 77), and Aβ1-40 (n = 44) was analyzed. Kappa agreement of single biomarkers and Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40 was evaluated in an independent group of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia patients (n = 68). Next, established cutoffs were applied to a large real-world cohort of MCI subjects with follow-up data available (n = 647). Results: Cutoff values of Aβ1-42 and t-Tau were higher for CLEIA than for ELISA and similar for p181Tau. Spearman coefficients ranged between 0.81 for Aβ1-40 and 0.96 for p181TAU. Passing–Bablok analysis showed a systematic and proportional difference for all biomarkers but only systematic for Aβ1-40. Bland–Altman analysis showed an average difference between methods in favor of CLEIA. Kappa agreement for single biomarkers was good but lower for the Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40 ratio. Using the calculated cutoffs, we were able to stratify MCI subjects into four AT(N) categories. Kaplan–Meier analyses of AT(N) categories demonstrated gradual and differential dementia conversion rates (p = 9.815⁻²⁷). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models corroborated these findings, demonstrating that the proposed AT(N) classifier has prognostic value. AT(N) categories are only modestly influenced by other known factors associated with disease progression. Conclusions: We established CLEIA and ELISA internal cutoffs to discriminate AD patients from amyloid-negative SCD individuals. The results obtained by both methods are not interchangeable but show good agreement. CLEIA is a good and faster alternative to manual ELISA for providing AT(N) classification of our patients. AT(N) categories have an impact on disease progression. AT(N) classifiers increase the certainty of the MCI prognosis, which can be instrumental in managing real-world MCI subjects.     

大型同步发电机内全流场数值计算与分析

依据计算流体力学理论,应用有限体积法对大型同步发电机定子通风沟流体速度进行了计算与分析,并且对全流场中,由于转子旋转离心作用转子内流体速度(转子旋转流体场)对定子径向通风沟流体速度的影响进行了仿真计算与分析,得出一些有益的结论.     

考虑流固耦合的混流式水轮机转轮模态分析

迄今为止 ,国内的许多进口和国产的大型水轮机组转轮叶片都出现了不同程度的裂纹破坏 ,严重影响了电站的安全生产和机组的稳定运行[1 ,2 ] 。大量的研究表明 ,导致裂纹产生的一个重要原因是水力激力引发的结构共振所产生的动载荷作用。特别是出现低频共振时 ,极易引起结构的严重破坏[2 ] 。随着机组单机容量的不断地增加 ,转轮的固有频率降低 ,发生共振的危险性也更大。因此 ,针对转轮在水介质中的模态特性的研究具有十分重要的现实意义。本文运用全流固耦合的三维有限元方法对某一混流式转轮在水介质中的模态特性进行了研究 ,得到了转轮在水中的自振频率和振型等振动特性。结果表明 ,转轮在水中的第 1阶固有频率与叶片旋转频率相近 ,额定工况下的卡门涡频率又接近于转轮的高阶固有频率 ,这极有可能引发结构的共振 ,导致裂纹的产生。     

加入CH4促进选择性非催化还原的CFD模拟研究

在实验研究和机理分析基础上利用计算流体动力学(computational fluid dynamics,CFD)软件Fluent,结合简化的反应机理模型,对沉降炉脱除NOx实验过程进行了模拟研究。模拟结果表明,在较低反应温度(1 073 K)下,喷入的氨基还原剂基本不与烟气中的NOx反应,形成较高的氨泄漏;而在较高的反应温度(1 373 K)下,喷入的氨基还原剂部分被烟气中的氧气氧化为NOx,导致NOx脱除效率较低。加入微量CH4能够促进较低温度下的选择性非催化还原(selective non-catalytic reduction,SNCR)反应,并减少氨泄露。在较高温度下SNCR反应速率加快,仍有部分NH3被氧化为NOx,但总体NOx脱除效率有所提高。模拟结果与实验结果的对比分析表明,采用简化的反应模型和CFD结合可以对常规SNCR反应和加入CH4的脱除NOx反应过程进行较为准确的模拟。