双路离心式喷嘴雾化锥角的数值研究

利用Fluent软件,基于VOF（Volume—Of—Fluid）两相流模型对双路离心式喷嘴内的气液两相流动进行三维数值模拟。分别模拟喷嘴主油路单独供油、副油路单独供油与主副油路同时供油时雾化锥角,计算较好扑获了燃油在离心式喷嘴内所形成的空气涡及雾化锥角,所得喷嘴内压力分布、速度分布、相分布与雾化锥角,反映出该双路离心式喷嘴内流动特点,将计算结果与试验结果进行了对比分析。     

Experimental studies of air-blast atomization on the CO2 capture with aqueous alkali solutions

In this work, an air-blast atomizing column was used to study the CO₂ capture performance with aqueous MEA (mono-ethanol-amine) and NaOH solutions. The effects of gas flow rate, the liquid to gas ratio (L/G), the CO₂ concentration on the CO₂ removal efficiency (η) and the volumetric overall mass transfer coefficient (K_Ga_v) were investigated. The air-blast atomizing column was also compared with the pressure spray tower on the studies of the CO₂ capture performance. For the aqueous MEA and NaOH solutions, the experimental results show that the η decreases with increasing gas flow rate and CO₂ concentration while it increases with increasing L/G. The effects on K_Ga_v are more complicated than those for η. When the CO₂ concentration is low (3 vol%), K_Ga_v increases with increasing gas flow rate while decreases with increasing L/G. However, when the CO₂ concentration is high (9.5 vol%), as the gas flow rate and L/G increases, K_Ga_v increases first and then decreases. The aqueous MEA solution achieves higher η and K_Ga_v than the aqueous NaOH solution. The air-blast atomizing column shows a good performance on CO₂ capture.     

Experimental investigations of spray generated by a pressure swirl atomizer

This paper has focused on the droplets behavior of kerosene RP-3 spray produced by a pressure swirl atomizers in terms of spray pattern, droplet size spatial distribution, mean droplet size, and distribution index with variations of pressure differential. The analyses have been carried out experimentally with the aid of optical diagnostic methods. The spray pattern, such as spray cone angle and fuel spatial distribution, has been measured by the technique of planar laser induced fluorescence of kerosene. A method for correction of fuel distribution measurement error induced by laser attenuation in spray is proposed and validated. The droplet size spatial distribution in central axis plane of the spray has been measured by a planar droplet sizing method which combining laser induced fluorescence and Mie scattering. The spray pattern in axial center plane and cross-sectional plane perpendicular to axis of the atomizer indicate that the droplets in spray concentrate around the outer periphery and in a narrow annular zone at the near-field of fuel injector exit, and then disperse to produce a solid spray at downstream of the spray. The analyses of droplet size spatial distribution, Sauter mean diameter, and distribution index with pressure differential clearly show the presence of droplets collision and its adverse effects on droplet size uniformity. The spray outline, droplet mass spatial distribution, and droplet size spatial distribution, droplets dispersion and collision in the process of atomization provide a great insight into the processes of atomization and spray development, which are key information for fuel injector design and quality control. The visualizations of spray pattern and droplet size spatial distribution with variations of pressure differential for pressure swirl atomizer are key issues in swirl cup or internally staged airblast fuel injectors because pressure swirl atomizer provides primary atomization or pilot spray which affects the quality of air/fuel mixing in lean-burn combustion. Moreover, a well-defined and complete database regarding the isothermal hollow cone spray is provided for validation of spray model.     

Effect of Si content on H2 production using Al-Si alloy powders

The effect of Si content in Al-Si alloy powder with NaOH on H₂ production was investigated. The total amount of H₂ produced decreased as Si content increased, which is inconsistent with the results predicted by the chemical reaction. Si caused a delay in the rate of H₂ production. Energy dispersive spectrometry showed that a large amount of unreacted Si remained in the matrix, and the unreacted fraction increased as the Si content increased. As the evolution reaction of Al and Al-Si alloys is exothermic, the temperature of all the specimens increased. Si addition reduced the hydroxide removal rate, which decreased the average H₂ production rate. The initiation time for H₂ evolution depends on the elimination rate of the oxide film formed during production of the powder. On increasing the Si content, SiO₂ was formed, which is harder to eliminate than Al₂O₃; this delayed the initiation.     

旋流式复合雾化喷嘴雾化特性的试验研究

针对重质渣油燃烧现状,设计了一种旋转式复合雾化喷嘴结构,并对其雾化性能进行了实验研究,得到了平均雾滴粒径SMD随气液质量比ALR的变化规律,通过对比发现新型复合雾化喷嘴比单纯的气泡雾化喷嘴的雾滴粒径小,雾化锥角大,并对其原因进行了理论分析.     

引射式喷射器应用于螺旋雾化减温器的可行性研究

对螺旋雾化器在加装引射式喷射器前后的雾化效果进行对比实验研究.通过实验现象进行分析比较,得出安装引射式喷射器后的雾化效果有了显著的提高.并从理论上指出,空气或者蒸汽与水组成的两相流中,气泡内能在水流的雾化中起了重要作用.最后得出,引射式喷射器应用于螺旋雾化减温器是可行的,此技术应用于工业实践后,将具有良好的经济效益和社...     

气泡雾化喷嘴混合室内两相流型及喷嘴喷雾稳定性

利用高速摄影仪、摄像头和照相机对气泡雾化喷嘴混合室内的两相流型以及喷嘴出口下游喷雾的稳定性进行实验研究。研究表明，喷嘴混合室结构尺寸、气流质量流量比、液体流量等参数对混合室内的两相流型具有显著的影响，同时亦影响喷嘴喷雾的稳定性，其结果为气泡雾化喷嘴的应用提供了实验基础。     

喷口结构对雾化流场影响规律的数值模拟

喷口结构形式对喷嘴雾化性能有重要影响,本文采用计算流体动力学方法研究了不同雾化气体压强(P0)下喷口结构对喷射气体流场及导流管顶端静压强(Pt)的影响规律,建立了紧耦合型、环缝HPGA(High Pressure Gas Atomizer)型和Laval环孔型三种喷口结构的喷射模型,并用Fluent软件进行了模拟计算.研究结果表明:三种喷嘴结构的抽吸压强及导流管顶端静压强径向梯度随雾化压强的变化表现出不同的变化趋势;Laval环孔型喷嘴在雾化压强较低时雾化性能最佳,HPGA型喷嘴在高压时雾化性能最佳;数值计算结果与试验观测值吻合较好.     

影响雾化器工作效率的几个因素

从流体力学的原理出发,深入地分析了旋涡环缝式雾化器的工作特征,指出不合理的结构尺寸,内壁粗糙度偏高以及环缝的同心度得不到保证等因素都能影响到雾化器的工作效率,一件性能优良的雾化器,应当使流体雾化介质在流经雾化器时的能量损失较低,并能使雾化介质自环缝喷出时的线速度较高。     

不同结构粒化器表面高炉渣液膜的流动特性

在高炉渣离心粒化热回收工艺中,粒化得到的颗粒尺寸对余热回收效果至关重要,而颗粒尺寸又与粒化器表面液膜的流动特性息息相关,因此增进对粒化器表面液膜流动特性的认识可为离心粒化技术提供指导。采用数值模拟方法研究了离心粒化过程中粒化器结构对液膜流动的影响;讨论了半径、倾角、深度等参数对粒化器表面液膜厚度的影响及其作用机理,并获取了流体在粒化器表面运动轨迹与液膜厚度的关系。结果表明:转杯粒化器的内倾角介于40°~60°之间或深度介于10~12mm之间时粒化效果最佳,其相应液膜厚度约为0.300mm。与等径的转盘粒化器相比,其液膜厚度减小约32%。粒化器结构对液膜厚度的影响可归因于粒化器表面流体运动轨迹长度的变化,当流体运动轨迹长度增大时,其对应的液膜厚度就越小,二者呈非线性负相关关系。