城市污水的层流换热特性理论

为有效利用城市污水热能,以污水源热泵系统中的流动工质——城市污水为研究对象,通过理论分析的方法,对其层流状态下的换热特性进行理论推导和实验验证.结果表明:污水作为热泵的冷热源,有良好的换热特性,推导得出的换热准则关联式h=4.53λ/D,为污水源热泵系统设计提供依据,同时为应用污水余热技术提供理论基础.     

供水管网水质模型校核面临的问题及对策

为解决大规模供水管网系统水质模型校核的难题,分析经验校核与自动校核所面临的问题,提出遗传算法并行化、实测确定模型初始参数、模型参数的有效分组等相应的对策.从而减少模型校核的变量,提高遗传算法运行效率,有效缩短模型自动校核的寻优时间.     

Simulation and optimization of SOFC-BCHP system

As the prime motor of dispersed energy system, the high-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) are high efficient with large heat recovery. This study presents a simulation of SOFC building-based cooling, heat and power (BCHP) system, which can meet basic requirements in power and heating (cooling) of the designated customers. The peak power load can be met by power grid, while the peak heating (cooling) load requirement can be met by backup equipments. In order to solve the economic dispatch problem of the energy system, a restricted nonlinear optimization model has been developed. The production costs can be minimized via both the equality constraints of customer’s heat and power demands, and other inequality constrains of equipments’ capacities. The sequential quadratic programming method has been used to search the solution. The study indicates that the model can be used to optimize the system’s capacities and run strategy. An office building case has been computed, and it is indicated that the model can be served in design and optimization of SOFC-BCHP system.     

Effects of main factors on remedying northern landscaping water by hybrid ecological filter

Natural zeolite and coal cinder were layered as main packing medium of the ecological filter instead of traditional filling to remedy the static lake water in Northern China.The ecological filter was running in a combined upward and downward flow mode.Dynamic experiments were carried out to study the effects of retention time and ambient temperature on pollutants’ removal efficiency of the hybrid ecological filter.The function of plant was also studied by contrast test.It is showed that the removal efficiencies of NH4+-N and TP are increased when the retention time is changed from 1 h to 2 h and 4 h,but the removal efficiency of TN is decreased,the removal efficiency of NH4+-N is increased from 91.5% to 98% and that of TP is increased from 31.8% to 52.5%.When the temperature declines,the temporal removal efficiency of NH4+-N is reduced,but the removal efficiency of 24 h and 48 h is remained.The removal efficiency of TP after 24 h and 48 h is decreased when the temperature declines evidently.The retention time plays an important role in NH4+-N and TP removal,and the ambient temperature is significant for TP removal.The plant favors for TP and organic matter removal but has little effect on TN removal.     

Rotordynamic forces generated by discharge-to-suction leakage flows in centrifugal pumps

In order to investigate the flow-induced vibration in the shroud passage of centrifugal pump and predict rotordynamic forces of centrifugal pump rotor system,an analysis of rotordynamic forces arising from shrouded centrifugal pump is presented. CFD techniques were utilized to analyze the full three-dimensional viscous,primary/secondary flow field in a centrifugal pump impeller to determine rotordynamic forces. Multiple quasi-steady solutions of an eccentric three-dimensional model at different whirl frequency ratios yielded the rotordynamic forces. The skew-symmetric stiffness,damping,and mass matrices were obtained by second-order least-squares analysis. Simulation of the coupled primary/secondary flow field was conducted,and the complex flow characteristics in the flow field of a shroud passage were achieved including the mean velocity and pressure,as well as the eddy in a large scale of flow field due to viscosity. The rotordynamic force coefficients were calculated,and the results were in good agreement with those of experiment except for the direct inertial coefficient without the consideration of whirling forces from the impeller primary flow passage.     

大体积混凝土温升与强度增长的试验研究

针对大体积混凝土结构构件实体强度与普通标准养护试块强度发展规律间的差别等问题,通过研究实际工程尺寸试件温度场的分布和实验室混凝土变温养护试验,以不同养护制度下的试块强度得出了大体积混凝土结构实体强度的发展规律,为工程施工提供了依据,成功地解决了工期与质量的矛盾,取得了较好的技术经济效果.     

基于模糊物元模型的区域水资源开发利用评价方法

为客观评价区域的用水水平,采用基于欧式贴近度的模糊物元模型综合评价区域水资源开发利用程度.将灌区用水水平的不同阶段作为物元的事物,将各阶段的评价指标及其模糊量值作为复合模糊物元,通过计算复合模糊物元与标准物元之间的欧式贴近度,综合分析区域水资源的开发利用现状,确定区域用水水平,为水资源的进一步开发利用及合理配置提供决策依据.以宝鸡峡灌区为例,研究结果表明,宝鸡峡灌区的用水水平处于发展阶段,水资源开发利用已具有一定规模但仍有开发潜力.     

筏板基础在自贡地区高层建筑设计中的应用研究

文章结合工程设计经验对自贡地区的高层建筑在选用天然筏板基础的设计过程中,对高层建筑基础设计中涉及到的重要的地基沉降计算、结构设计和地下水等有关问题的处理进行了具体分析,对在一般高层建筑中采用天然筏板基础的实用性和可行性从设计和施工两个方面进行了相关的工程探讨。     

工业酚水稀释的RBF神经网络预测控制

针对酚水稀释过程中酚水流量不便测量的工程情况,提出了一种基于RBF（径向基）神经网络的预测控制方法.在酚水罐每个液位变化周期内使用计算机定时测量液位高度,并将这些高度值作为目标输出,在每个循环结束时训练RBF网络,利用RBF网络的逼近能力来实时预测酚水流量,从而控制清水的配比,实现酚水质量浓度的稳定.该方法可避免测量误差带来的干扰,提高控制精度.