基于并联机构铣床工作台的设计

 基于并联机器人机构的运动输出理论, 考虑结构的对称性和解耦性, 构造出一种新型的具有二平移一转动的三自由度并联机器人机构,给出了机构的运动学反解模型,并用MATLAB计算出其位置正解。以图解形式描绘该机构的可达工作空间,找出影响定姿态工作空间的因素,并提供了该机构在铣床上的具体应用实例。该机构良好的对称性和解耦性,为系统控制带来了方便。     

Extreme reaches and maximal reachable workspace for rotary tools mounted on a Stewart platform manipulator

Abstract

A new type of problem associated with the extreme reaches of the Stewart platform manipulator is dealt with in this paper. Given a specified orientation of the tool axis, the problem involves finding the extreme distance that the tool bit mounted on the mobile platform can reach from its home position along any specified direction. During the motion, the mobile platform is allowed to be rotated about the tool axis to adjust the configuration of the driving mechanism to prevent premature activation of the kinematic constraints. A numerical optimization algorithm based on the concept of the cyclic coordinate descent method is developed for solving this problem, in which all three types of kinematic constraints, namely the actuator stroke constraint, the passive joint limitations, and the link interference conditions, have been taken into account. In addition, a numerical example is presented to demonstrate the ability of the proposed method to find the optimal reachable workspace of the robot.     

Optimization of a planar tendon-driven parallel manipulator for a maximal dextrous workspace

In this article, new methodologies for determining the tension distribution and optimal configurations of planar tendon-driven parallel manipulators (TDPMs) are presented. TDPMs are characterized by the use of cables in place of the linear actuators used in most parallel manipulators. Three separate, but inter-related topics are examined in this article, and methodologies for addressing them are proposed. The first is the determination of cable forces for overconstrained tendon-driven manipulators, which is necessary in order to address the second topic, namely, the development of a methodology for workspace determination of tendon-driven manipulators. The final topic examined is the dimensional synthesis of tendon-driven manipulators for a large dextrous workspace. The numerical methodologies developed here have potential for easy application to more complex spatial cases.     

A method for analytically generating three-dimensional isocomfort workspace based on perceived discomfort

The purpose of this study was to develop a new method for analytically generating three-dimensional isocomfort workspace for the upper extremities using the robot kinematics. Subjective perceived discomfort scores in varying postures for manipulating four types of controls were used. Fifteen healthy male subjects participated in the experiment. The subjects were asked to hold the given postures manipulating controls for 60 s in the seated position, and to rate their perceived discomfort during the following rest of 60 s using the magnitude estimation. Postures of the upper extremities set by shoulder and elbow motions, types of controls, and left right hand were selected as experimental variables, in which the L32 orthogonal array was adopted. The results showed that shoulder flexion and adduction-abduction, elbow flexion, and types of controls significantly affected perceived discomfort for postures operating controls, but hand used for operating controls did not. Depending upon the types of controls, four regression models predicting perceived discomfort were presented. Using the models, a sweeping algorithm to generate three-dimensional isocomfort workspace was developed, in which the robot kinematics was employed to describe the translational relationships between the upper arm and the lower arm/hand. It is expected that the isocomfort workspace can be used as a valuable design guideline when ergonomically designing three-dimensional workplaces.     

双臂机械手工作空间

双臂机械手与单臂机械手比较,能较好地完成装配和搬运重物等工作。当双臂机械手搬运物体从一个位置到另一个位置时,机架、两个臂和被夹持物体构成一个封闭系统。双臂机械手的运动将受到两手部夹持器与被夹持物体之间相对位置和姿态的影响。本文提出了确定双臂机械手搬运物体时的工作空间的方法。建立了数学模型和约束方程;提出了优化的目标函数和设计变量。在文中还研究了确定双臂机械手公共工作空间的方法。导出了双臂机械手公共工作空间的边界轮廓方程,最后给出一个数字实例来说明。     

Dexterous workspace optimization of an asymmetric six-degree of freedom Stewart–Gough platform type manipulator

In this paper, an asymmetric Generalized Stewart–Gough Platform (GSP) type parallel manipulator is designed by considering the type synthesis approach. The asymmetric six-Degree Of Freedom (DOF) manipulator optimized in this paper is selected among the GSPs classified under the name of 6D. The dexterous workspace optimization of Asymmetric parallel Manipulator with tEn Different Linear Actuator Lengths (AMEDLAL) subject to kinematics and geometric constraints is performed by using the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The condition number and Minimum Singular Value (MSV) of homogenized Jacobian matrix are employed to obtain the dexterous workspace of AMEDLAL. Finally, the six-DOF AMEDLAL is also compared with the optimized Traditional Stewart–Gough Platform Manipulator (TSPM) considering the volume of the dexterous workspace in order to demonstrate its kinematic performance. Comparisons show that the manipulator proposed in this study illustrates better kinematic performance than TSPM.     

3-TPT型并联机器人工作空间解析与综合

以3-TPT并联机构为对象，构造出受杆长和虎克铰约束的工作空间边界及灵活度解析模型。结合灵活度分析，探讨了结构参数对3-TPT并联机器人工作空间的影响规律，提出了一种结构参数设计方法。     

机器人工作空间快速可靠数值算法

本文根据机器人的结构特点,选定机器人工作空间的中心点,利用机器人手臂端部在各个方向上到中心点的极限距离,设计出一种快速可靠的机器人工作空间数值算法.该算法比其他数值算法计算量少一个量级,且可靠性好.     

生物检测机器人操作臂工作空间分析与尺度优化

研究一种具有正交关节轴的6R操作臂工作空间分析与尺度优化方法,用于指导危险环境下生物检测机器人上装机械臂的工作范围和结构尺度优化。分析6R操作臂拓扑结构并建立其位移逆解模型,通过考察各关节尺度参数与转角变化范围的组合,揭示出可达工作空间随操作臂主要构件尺度参数与关节转角范围的变化规律,从而得到一种最佳的关节转角范围组合,进而建立一种操作臂任务空间的快速计算方法。在此基础上,以特征长度法和计权Frobenius范数构造的归一化速度雅可比矩阵条件数的倒数为性能评价指标,综合出一组最优操作臂结构尺度参数,并得到该条件下操作臂末端的可达工作空间和任务空间。该方法具有工作空间分析直观,结构参数优化快速等优点,可使这类操作臂获得良好的运动学性能。     

煤矿智能巡检机器人稳定平台的工作空间分析及平滑轨迹规划研究

针对传统稳定平台难于实现煤矿智能巡检机器人承载巡检仪器受井下崎岖路面产生六自由度的复合干扰问题,设计了一种4-SPU并联机构作为稳定平台装置。采用矢量法构建运动学逆解模型,通过三维边界迭代搜索法求解可达工作空间,分析可得工作空间连续无空洞现象。采用7次B样条插值方法构造平滑轨迹,以稳定平台冲击度最优建立目标函数,通过序列二次规划方法进行优化。仿真结果表明,智能巡检机器人稳定平台跟踪轨迹的速度、加速度和加加速度平滑连续且满足运动约束条件。该研究为后续智能巡检机器人的动力学分析和控制研究提供了理论依据。