基于知识情感等级BDI主体的决策行为模型研究

为了将知识、信念、愿望和意图以及害怕、焦虑和自信对决策行为的影响的强烈程度进行形式化,把无穷值的卢卡斯维茨逻辑的真值取值范围从[0,1]扩展到[-1,1]。知识情感等级BDI主体的决策行为通过添加了具体条件的不同背景的不同测度来决定;知识情感等级BDI主体模型清晰地表示了主体的知识状态、心智状态和情感状态的不确定性;此模型可以轻易地向其他类型的主体进行推广。在给出了知识情感等级BDI模型的语言、语义以及此模型的不同背景之间的相互关系之后,对知识情感等级BDI主体的军事决策行为进行了实例分析。此研究旨在为分布式人工智能和军事仿真提供形式支持。     

A new graphical visualization of n-dimensional Pareto front for decision-making in multiobjective optimization

New challenges in engineering design lead to multiobjective (multicriteria) problems. In this context, the Pareto front supplies a set of solutions where the designer (decision-maker) has to look for the best choice according to his preferences. Visualization techniques often play a key role in helping decision-makers, but they have important restrictions for more than two-dimensional Pareto fronts. In this work, a new graphical representation, called Level Diagrams, for n-dimensional Pareto front analysis is proposed. Level Diagrams consists of representing each objective and design parameter on separate diagrams. This new technique is based on two key points: classification of Pareto front points according to their proximity to ideal points measured with a specific norm of normalized objectives (several norms can be used); and synchronization of objective and parameter diagrams. Some of the new possibilities for analyzing Pareto fronts are shown. Additionally, in order to introduce designer preferences, Level Diagrams can be coloured, so establishing a visual representation of preferences that can help the decision-maker. Finally, an example of a robust control design is presented - a benchmark proposed at the American Control Conference. This design is set as a six-dimensional multiobjective problem.     

The induced generalized OWA operator

We present the induced generalized ordered weighted averaging (IGOWA) operator. It is a new aggregation operator that generalizes the OWA operator, including the main characteristics of both the generalized OWA and the induced OWA operator. This operator uses generalized means and order-inducing variables in the reordering process. It provides a very general formulation that includes as special cases a wide range of aggregation operators, including all the particular cases of the IOWA and the GOWA operator, the induced ordered weighted geometric (IOWG) operator and the induced ordered weighted quadratic averaging (IOWQA) operator. We further generalize the IGOWA operator via quasi-arithmetic means. The result is the Quasi-IOWA operator. Finally, we present a numerical example to illustrate the new approach in a financial decision-making problem.     

Methodological considerations in analysing anaesthetists' habits of action in clinical situations

Human activity can be seen as an intentional, context-dependent enterprise explained through meanings the actors attach to their activity and their directly observable interactions with the environment. The authors have demonstrated previously a new conceptual framework to describe the anaesthetist's activity. One of the central concepts besides orientation is habit of action referring to the way in which the actor has organized his actions when interacting with his environment, in this case a patient with unique physiological potentials, information monitors and anaesthetic drugs. The activity dependent on contingent, particular circumstances, needs to be studied as it appears in a natural situation. Using an idiographic study design the authors have examined the activity of eight expert anaesthetists in clinical settings to determine the characteristics of their habits of action. To capture the fleeting circumstances during the anaesthetic process, a wide observational basis was necessary. It consisted of videotapes, detailed expert observations, and interviews. The conceptual analysis of the subject, habit of action, is described step-by-step. Two distinct habits of action could be identified, confirming earlier results. The interpretative habit of action was characterized by extensive use of situational information in order to construct a cumulative conception of the patient's physiological potentials to control the process accurately. Moreover, rich dialogue between formal professional knowledge and patient-specific, particular knowledge was evident. The reactive habit of action was characterized by a tendency to regulate the process by means of predetermined conventional ranges of measured patient parameters shown by monitors. The authors discuss their methodological solutions and results, and explicate their differences to the earlier approaches.     

基于邻域粗糙模型的高维数据集快速约简算法

根据粒子群优化算法的思想,给出了求解高维邻域决策表的一个约简算法SPRA。通过采用固有维数的分析方法MLE等,将其估算的维数值作为SPRA算法的初始化参数,提出了高维数据集快速约简算法QSPRA。利用5个UCI标准数据集对该算法进行了验证,结果表明,该算法是有效的、可行的。详细分析了种群规模和迭代次数对结果产生的影响。实验表明,基于核的启发式添加算法思想已经不适合求解高维数据集。     

机器人足球比赛系统决策编程的可视化

分析了机器人足球比赛系统中决策子系统的一般结构,建立了产生式推理模型和决策的表达模型,构造了本机器人足球比赛系统的决策程序的结构;定义了决策存储的结构体变量类型,设计了菜单,并以此形式实现了决策编程的可视化。     

基于态势评估的实体决策行为模拟

作战实体由人员和装备组成，其中人具有能动性。因此在作战过程中，作战实体都具有一定的自主权，能根据战场当前的态势，对自己的行为做出决策。该文提出了作战实体基于态势评估的决策行为模型，给出了一种战场态势的表示方法，并设计了一种战场当前态势与模板库中态势进行匹配比较的算法。该模型模拟了作战实体在战场中的决策行为，为实现计算机生成兵力的自动决策，减少人的参与程度提供了一种有效方法，可以应用于评估论证型的模型系统。     

网络环境下面向产品运行的设计及其评价决策研究

网络环境下面向产品的运行设计是目前绿色设计领域中尚未涉及的研究课题。通过对面向产品运行设计关键内容的初步分析，构建了网络环境下面向产品运行设计的体系结构及其评价决策的主要方法，并提出了相应的设计修改建议。     

基于J2EE技术网上采购系统的研究与实现

在研究电子商务与网上采购基本理论与技术的基础上,分析、设计并实现了可在Windows Server 2003环境下运行的网上采购系统.系统实现过程中应用了EJB技术、数据库技术、JSP技术、Servlet技术、Jboss技术等.系统介绍了网上采购系统的基本理论及关键技术,以及网上采购系统分析、设计与实现过程.     

Strategic thinking and stress

In this study we investigate the behaviour and the performance of experimental subjects, who had to solve a series of tasks of ‘strategic thinking’ under a stress and a non-stress condition. No significant differences between the conditions could be found with respect to performance and improvement of performance within the series of tasks, but the experimental subjects exhibited under the different conditions different forms of behaviour. Unexpectedly the Ss working under the stress-condition exhibited a more ‘analytical’ behaviour and increased their workload, instead of decreasing it. Additionally they exhibited a tendency for measures with salient effects and proved to be better in finding the right points of main effort. The results are discussed with respect to a general theory of action regulation.