理想景观与可持续发展

通过对不同的时代景观概念的阐释 ,说明景观是一个随社会的发展不断深化和升华的概念 ,人类对理想景观的审美标准也不断由低级向高级阶段发展。指出 ,只有遵循可持续发展的原则 ,才能有意识地创造理想景观。     

International river basin organizations: variation,options and insights

Permanent international river basin organizations (IRBOs) come in many shapes and sizes, ranging from those which are mainly facilitative in nature to those empowered to act on their own. Although differences in IRBO types may have important impacts on transboundary water resources management, systematic analysis of variation in their structure and responsibilities is scant. This paper synthesizes and applies a typology to determine the structural composition, abundance, spatial distribution, scale and in-basin configurations of the different forms of IRBOs. The results provide a set of options for future IRBOs, and serve to ground-truth and nuance theoretical divisions between different types of organizations in transboundary basins.     

Living with and looking at landscape

Landscape is experienced in countless ways by all human beings, both individually and as members of communities, nations and humanity as a whole. Concern for rural locales as the loci of social, economic and domestic existence has, in recent centuries, often been seen in accord, but more usually in conflict, with attachment to the scenic qualities of landscape couched in aesthetic terms. Celebrated in art and in history, landscapes connote stability and security, but living with them is regarded as a virtue, looking at them condemned as shallow scenic appreciation. The stress between these two sets of values is exacerbated by the decline of rural economies throughout the developed world, the abandonment of agricultural landscapes and the loss of traditional countryside ties. Shifting landscape attachments reflect the timing, extent and current pace of rural depopulation. Whether despite or owing to their increasing remoteness from everyday life, landscapes are heavily freighted with moral and symbolic worth as ecological paradigms and as rightful common inheritances, while spurned as scenically frivolous.     

Mathew & Ghosh Architects

The work of Mathew & Ghosh Architects (Nisha Mathew-Ghosh and Soumitro Ghosh) boldly extends an abstract Modernist language and at the same time draws from the vitality of places. While the firm's early works were small in scale, mostly residential in nature and based on a reappraisal of the early Corbusian idiom, recent projects include large-scale urban and landscape interventions with diverse conceptual and metaphorical imperatives. They have moved from a more reticent stance to the urban exuberance of their more recent projects (for example, their own office building), something akin to a ‘savage architecture’ as posited by Kazuo Shinohara in the context of the unsynchronised nature of the modern city. The architects' object of contemplation is the urban ‘box’, whether a private residence, office or part of a church. The box is first fractured and reconstructed as a bricolage of tectonic fragments, memories and events, all tenuously related as if unity in a contemporary culture is for ever denied. Like the Japanese notion of ‘ma’, the moment between fragments - a slit or an emptiness between two hovering planes - is telling. Mathew & Ghosh participate in the continuity of a historical narrative yet mark out the fissures and disjunctions; sometimes negotiations with the continuity emerge from unintended interstices. While these configurations of the contemporary urban ‘box’ are both contextual and abstract, they are also phenomenologically rich. There is a sustained dialect to the architecture of Mathew & Ghosh that includes consummate materiality and fine crafting, light as a medium, and always, as Nisha Mathew-Ghosh states, ‘good spatial possibilities’. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于地方资源特色的桥梁工程教学探索与实践

厦门有着丰富且极具影响的桥梁工程实例及其他相关人才和技术资源,城市交通规划和建造将实用性、艺术性、生态性较好地结合,是最生动和最直观的教学素材。文章对厦门特色桥梁工程和道路工程进行了概述,对厦门理工学院桥梁工程人才培养进行研究,初步探索了厦门理工学院本科生桥梁工程素质教育的教学模式,旨在培养具备工程师基本素质和工程美学素养的应用型技术人才。     

Attendance at the 1954 convention.

"A total of 5,503 actually registered and it is estimated that at least 500 did not bother to go through the registration process… ." Of the registrants, 14.1% were fellows, 56.8% associates, 4.8% student journal members, .2% foreign affiliates, 19.9% nonmembers, 4.2% of unknown status. Geographically 9.5% were from the New England States, 52.3% from the Middle Atlantic, 7.3% Southeastern, 20.9% North Central, 3.8% South Central, 4.1% Western. The average length of stay was 5.7 days. 16.4% were listed as participants in the official program, 9.5% were officially attending committee meetings, 13.8% were engaged in employment activities, and the majority were doing none of these things. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

APP图标计算审美评估

近年来,计算美学已经成为一个活跃的研究领域.移动终端APP充斥着人们的生活,但关于APP图标的计算美学评估却鲜有尝试.提出一个基于设计准则感知模型的APP图标计算审美评估框架.首先定义一些特征变量量化评估APP图标中的某些方面,如色彩度、和谐度、对比度,同时收集了60名志愿者对240个APP图标在色彩度、和谐度、对比度以及美感的人工评估结果,然后构建相应统计线性回归模型.实验结果表明APP图标计算审美模型可以解释84%~91%人类对APP图标中的色彩度、和谐度、对比度以及美感的判断,并与人工评估结果具有高度显著相关.     

制造亲缘——当代艺术设计中的人与动物

聚焦在当代艺术设计中人类与动物关系的复杂性和多样性及其对生命伦理带来的启发。通过探讨艺术设计的创造性活动中的动物角色,分析这些作品如何传达复杂的思想和情感,并研究现代生物技术对艺术创作和生命伦理的影响。首先回顾了20世纪以来动物在艺术设计中的角色变化,从杜尚的现成品到博伊斯的艺术项目,探讨动物在创造性活动中的主体性。其次,通过分析玛雅·斯瑞卡和其他当代艺术家、设计师的作品,讨论作为创造性活动的艺术设计如何“制造亲缘”,呼应了哈拉维关于艺术设计在跨物种关系和物种间伦理学中的观点。进一步通过合成生物学和生物艺术设计的实践,探讨人类与动物关系的新处境。在“设计生命”的理念下,“合成美学”研究项目将艺术家、设计师、合成生物学家和社会科学家汇聚在一起讨论伦理、美学等价值问题何以可能内嵌于合成生物学之中。总之,当代艺术设计中的人类与动物关系已经从传统的象征和材料发展成为探讨人类身份、社会问题、生态危机和生命伦理的重要媒介。合成生物学的发展进一步凸显了人与动物间“亲缘”问题的紧迫性。艺术设计在促进生态意识和跨学科合作中扮演着关键角色,激发人们重新思考人与自然的关系及其责任。     

技术美学视阈下智能广告造字设计研究

目的 旨在探讨基于技术美学的智能广告造字设计策略,通过结合人工智能和设计领域的最新技术,将创意和美学融入广告造字过程中。方法 以广告用户的审美偏好作为智能造字设计的第一要素,通过机器深度学习、字体风格迁移等技术来实现字体创作,从而产生具有技术美感的视觉呈现形态,使智能广告文案字体呈现出更加个性化、更加多元化的审美趣味。结果 构建了灵活多样的造字形式、质感丰富的造字材料和形态统一的造字结构等创新设计策略,阐述了智能广告造字设计必然是技术美与吸引注意力、传达情感,以及可识别性等字体功能的有机结合。结论 技术美在智能广告造字形式、材料和结构上的独特体现,促进了智能广告造字的发展,为新技术背景下的字体设计提供新的研究思路。     

当代中国城市对荒野审美的呼唤

当今的城市化进程面临诸多问题,在生态文明的时代背景下,城市替代了乡村成为国人的主要人居环境。生态文明旨在倡导重构人与自然的关系。那么,荒野景观作为最本真的生态自然,理应成为人们市居生活的重要体验对象与审美对象。荒野哲学以其对人类生存家园损毁的忧患意识以及对当下生产生活方式的深刻反思逐渐成为哲学思考的重要组成部分。在当今城市中,荒野的价值应该得以重估,荒野景观应当得以复魅。城市对荒野的呼唤、城市审美对荒野的悦纳,是当今中国城乡可持续建设的重大使命。在生态文明的当今社会,人们在市居生活中需要倡导一种审美观念,即荒野审美。荒野审美观的构建正逐渐趋向成熟。