化学镀镍溶液的离子选择渗透膜电渗析技术

与传统的电镀技术相比较,化学镀技术的三废处理问题似乎不很突出。然而,化学镀溶液存在着老化甚至报废的寿命问题。常规的废水处理方式是对整体镀液(包括有效成分和非有效成分)一概清除。如有效成分镍离子,在废水处理时成为需要严加控制的、对环境有害的主要污染物。另一种有效成分络合剂．则成为造成废水处理困难以致增加处理费用的主要原因。这种资源浪费成为化学沉积技术的主要缺点之一。     

Hydrothermal formation of dispersive Mg（OH）2 particles in NaOH solution

The hydrothermal modification of Mg(OH)2 crystals in NaOH solution was investigated. The aggregated Mg(OH)2 particles with irregular shape are converted to regular Mg(OH)2 hexagonal plates after hydrothermal treatment. The prolongation of reaction time from 1-4 h or the increase of temperature from 140℃ to 200℃ can promote the formation of Mg(OH)2 plates with big particle size but small cluster size. The dispersion characteristics of the hydrothermal products are improved owing to the improvement of Mg(OH)2 crystalline degree and the in-crease of I（001)/I（101） ratio. The proper hydrothermal modification condition is as follows: solid content 0. 075 g/mL,NaOH concentration 5.0 mol/L, temperature 200℃ and time 4 h. Thermodynamic analysis indicates that the increase of MgOH^ concentration at elevated temperature or the increase of OH^- concentration in concentrated NaOH solution is favorable for the hydrothermal formation of Mg(OH)2 particles.     

链条锅炉改进燃烧提高效率

介绍了链条锅炉的燃烧状况,分析影响燃烧的原因.阐述从节能降耗的角度出发,在锅炉上增加翻煤器等,从而改进燃烧状况.     

"稀释发蓝溶液应加冷水"一文的读后感

"电镀与精饰"总173期第47页上刊登了吴双成老师的短文"稀释发蓝溶液应加冷水"一文有所感想,使我回想起40年前从事钢铁发蓝工作时候的情况.当时应用的是传统配方:烧碱700～800 g/L,亚硝酸钠200～250 g/L,硝酸钠150～200 g/L,温度(沸腾时)138～145℃.     

聚酰胺酸纺丝溶液的流变性能研究

由均苯四酸二酐(PMDA)和4,4'-二氨基二苯醚(ODA)在N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)中共聚合制得聚酰亚胺前驱体——聚酰胺酸的纺丝溶液,采用哈克流变仪研究了溶液的流变性能。结果表明:聚酰胺酸溶液属于切力变稀的非牛顿流体;溶液的表观黏度随溶液温度的升高而降低,随溶液浓度的升高或聚合物特性黏度的增大而增大。溶液温度的升高、浓度的降低或聚合物特性黏度的减小均使得聚酰胺酸溶液呈现切力变稀行为的临界剪切速率变大,使得溶液的非牛顿指数增大,同时使得溶液的结构黏度指数减小。溶液的黏流活化能随剪切速率的增加或随溶液浓度的增高而下降。     

锌酞菁的微波合成及牛白蛋白测定研究

以邻苯二腈、硫酸锌为原料,采用微波固相法合成了锌酞菁。将锌酞菁磺化所得的磺酸基锌酞菁溶液与牛白蛋白作用将导致共振瑞利散射显著增强。在470nm处存在一共振散射强峰,牛白蛋白在0.25～20μg/mL的浓度范围内与散射强度（ΔI）呈线性关系,磺酸基锌酞菁溶液对牛白蛋白的检测限为0.17μg/mL,并且方法有较好的选择性。由此建立一种用共振散射光谱测定牛白蛋白的简便、快速的新方法。     

稀溶液黏度法测定聚合物共混物相容性理论及应用

以经典的Huggins方程和特性黏度为理论基础，通过测定聚合物共混物稀溶液黏度来确定共混物相容性。对相容性判据△b、△B、α、μ和k23进行了分析归纳，并用实例说明了此方法的可行性。     

离子交换法回收镓工艺中螯合树脂的研究

研究了工业酰胺肟树脂ES-346从拜耳法溶液中提取镓。这种树脂对镓的交换能力,选择性及动力学颇为适宜,其长期使用的关键问题在于酰胺基在酸性介质中的退化及钒的积累,文中讨论了解决这些问题的可能途径。     

Leaching of complex sulphide concentrate in acidic cupric chloride solutions

The chemical analysis of a complex sulphide concentrate by emission spectrometry and X-ray diffraction shows that it contains essentially copper, lead, zinc and iron in the form of chalcopyrite, sphalerite and galena. A small amount of pyrite is also present in the ore but does not be detected with X-ray diffraction. The cupric chloride leaching of the sulphide concentrate at various durations and solid/liquid ratios at 100 ℃ shows that the rate of dissolution of the ore is the fastest in the first several hours, and after 12 h it does not evolve significantly. If oxygen is excluded from the aqueous cupric chloride solution during the leaching experiment at 100 ℃, the pyrite in the ore will not be leached. The determination of principal dissolved metals in the leaching liquor by flame atomic absorption spectrometry, and the chemical analysis of solid residues by emission spectrometry and X-ray diffraction allow to conclude that the rate of dissolution of the minerals contained in the complex sulphide concentrate are in the order of galena 〉 sphalerite 〉 chalcopyrite.     

碲铜系合金在饱和NH4Cl溶液中的腐蚀行为

用全浸失重法,研究了碲铜系合金在饱和NH4Cl溶液中的抗腐蚀性能,结合扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)等测试方法,初步探讨了合金在饱和NH4Cl溶液中的腐蚀行为及腐蚀机制,结果表明碲铜系合金的抗腐蚀性优于纯铜,其腐蚀速率低于纯铜,原因在于碲、镁的加入,可降低纯铜中的非金属杂质含量,同时碲、镁的加入,可沿铜晶界以化合物的形式析出,有利地阻碍了纯铜的沿晶腐蚀.